scholarly journals Enemigos naturales asociados al pulgón lanígero en huertos de manzano con diferente manejo de plagas

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 799
Author(s):  
María Fátima Ordoñez Beltrán ◽  
Juan Luis Jacobo Cuéllar ◽  
Ernesto Quintana López ◽  
Rafael Ángel Parra Quezada ◽  
Víctor Manuel Guerrero Prieto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hippodamia Convergens ◽  
Eriosoma Lanigerum ◽  
Chrysoperla Rufilabris ◽  
Malus Sylvestris ◽  
Aphelinus Mali

El pulgón lanígero (Eriosoma lanigerum Hausmann) es un fitófago que incide en huertos de manzano [Malus sylvestris (L.) Mill. var domestica (Borkh) Mansf.] establecidos en el estado de Chihuahua. Para su combate se ha privilegiado el uso de insecticidas convencionales, incurriendo en aplicaciones extemporáneas que posiblemente repercuten en la baja ocurrencia de enemigos naturales. Con base en lo anterior y la reducida información sobre enemigos naturales del pulgón lanígero del manzano en México, durante los años 2011 y 2012 se realizó el presente trabajo con la finalidad de identificar la incidencia de depredadores y parasitoides asociados a colonias de pulgón lanígero en huertos de manzano con diferente manejo de plagas. Por manejo del huerto, se detectaron 38 y 35 ejemplares para los huertos sin manejo y con manejo integrado de plagas, valores que fueron estadísticamente iguales entre sí y diferentes a los 12 ejemplares detectados en el huerto con manejo convencional. Las especies de depredadores asociadas a colonias de pulgón lanígero en Chihuahua fueron: Hippodamia convergens, Chrysopa nigricornis, Chrysopa oculata, Chrysoperla rufilabris, Chrysoperla  comanche, Chrysopa spp., Allograpta obliqua, Sirphus sp. y Toxomerus sp., mientras que como parasitoides se detectó solo a Aphelinus mali.

The Development of a Colony of Aphelinus mali Hald

Parasitology ◽  
1934 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. R. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Study ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Host Population ◽  
Parasite Population ◽  
Eriosoma Lanigerum ◽  
Aphelinus Mali ◽  
The Subject

In theory, a parasite whose effective reproductive rate remains, under practically all conditions, equal to, or greater than, the effective reproductive rate of its host, ought eventually to annihilate it, or, at least, to produce an abrupt reduction in the host population, so great, that it is almost impossible for the vast majority of the emerging parasites to find any prey; so that the parasite population suffers, in its turn, an abrupt and catastrophic reduction, after which the host again increases, followed in due course by the parasite. The numerical fluctuations occurring as a result of this interaction, under various conditions, have been the subject of much theoretical study, but relatively little is known about what really happens in nature. The following brief account of the development of a colony of the Chalcid parasite, Aphelinus mali Hald., at the expense of its host, Eriosoma lanigerum Hausm., may therefore be of interest.

Laboratory comparison of twoAphelinus maliclades for control of woolly apple aphid from Hebei Province, China

2017 ◽  
Vol 108 (3) ◽  
pp. 400-405
Author(s):  
M. Su ◽  
X. Tan ◽  
Q. Yang ◽  
C. Zhao ◽  
F. Wan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shandong Province ◽  
Hebei Province ◽  
Threshold Temperature ◽  
Host Searching ◽  
Eriosoma Lanigerum ◽  
Developmental Threshold ◽  
Woolly Apple Aphid ◽  
Effective Accumulated Temperature ◽  
Aphelinus Mali ◽  
Accumulated Temperature

AbstractAphelinus mali(Haldeman) is an effective natural enemy of woolly apple aphid (WAA),Eriosoma lanigerum(Hausmann). Previous studies have found that, with WAA from Shandong Province (Qingdao) as the host, there are significant differences in various biological characteristics between a Shandong clade and Liaoning clade ofA. mali. The ability of the Shandong clade to control this aphid was significantly higher than that of the Liaoning clade in Shandong Province. In order to determine whether differences were caused by better adaptation of the Shandong parasitoid clade to the population of the host in that province or if it represents a more general fitness of this clade to control the host regardless of location, we compared the same parasitoid clades with hosts from Hebei Province. We found no significant differences in the developmental threshold temperature, effective accumulated temperature, fecundity, longevity, and oviposition period of the two clades, but the duration of host searching of the Shandong clade was significantly longer than that of the Liaoning clade. The instantaneous attack rate, the control ability (a/Th), the search parameter (Q) of the Shandong clade (0.0946, 0.543, 0.0725) ofA. maliwere higher than that of the Liaoning clade (0.0713, 0.382, 0.0381), and therefore, with WAA from Hebei Province as the host, the host adaptability of the Shandong clade ofA. maliwas not worse than that of the Liaoning clade, while the pest control ability of the Shandong clade was still greater than that of the Liaoning clade.

scholarly journals The Host-Plant Origin Affects the Morphological Traits and the Reproductive Behavior of the Aphid Parasitoid Aphelinus mali

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Ainara Peñalver-Cruz ◽  
Bruno Jaloux ◽  
Blas Lavandero
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Habitat Management ◽  
Alternative Host ◽  
Eriosoma Lanigerum ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Aphid Parasitoid ◽  
Aphelinus Mali ◽  
Biological Performance ◽  
Potential Use

Diversifying agroecosystems through habitat management inside or outside production fields can provide alternative hosts and/or prey for natural enemies. In semi-natural habitats, parasitoids may find alternative host-plant complexes (HPC) that could allow their development when pest hosts are scarce in the field. However, morphological and physiological differences between alternative and targeted HPCs could affect the preference and fitness of the parasitoids, possibly altering their efficacy in regulating pests. In the present study, we examined two Aphelinus mali parasitoid populations developing on Eriosoma lanigerum from two host plants (Malus domestica-apple trees and Pyracantha coccinea). We hypothesized that A. mali from both HPCs will show different life history traits and behaviors because primary and alternative host-plants are known to induce variations in parasitoid biological performance. Our findings indicate that A. mali originating from E. lanigerum on P. coccinea parasitized more aphids and are smaller than those originating from E. lanigerum on apple. Furthermore, these parasitoids did not significantly vary their ability to attack and oviposit apple E. lanigerum, suggesting that P. coccinea could function as a suitable banker plant for A. mali. We discuss the potential use of P. coccinea in conservation biological control of E. lanigerum in apple orchards.

Host acceptance behavior of the parasitoid Aphelinus mali and its aphid-host Eriosoma lanigerum on two Rosaceae plant species

2013 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 659-667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastián A. Ortiz-Martínez ◽  
Claudio C. Ramírez ◽  
Blas Lavandero
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Host Acceptance ◽  
Eriosoma Lanigerum ◽  
Aphelinus Mali ◽  
Aphid Host

scholarly journals Comparison of the toxicity and repellency of two conventional neonicotinoids and a coconut-derived insecticide soap toward the parasitoid wasp Aphelinus mali Haldeman, 1851

2020 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Asgar EBADOLLAHI ◽  
Reza SADEGHI
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Exposure Time ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Parasitoid Wasp ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Eriosoma Lanigerum ◽  
Woolly Apple Aphid ◽  
Aphelinus Mali ◽  
The World ◽  
Filter Papers

<p><strong></strong>The parasitoid wasp <em>Aphelinus mali</em>,Haldeman, 1851 (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) is the most important biological control agent against the woolly apple aphid,<em> Eriosoma lanigerum</em> (Hausemann, 1802) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), which is an important apple orchards pest throughout the world. Based on the importance of using low-risk compounds to protect beneficial agents, the present study was carried out to evaluate the toxic and repellent effects of two conventional chemicals (imidacloprid and thiacloprid) and coconut-derived biopesticide soap (Palizin<sup>Ò</sup>) toward <em>A. mali</em>. The results of residual bioassays on apple leaf discs indicated that imidacloprid after 24 h and insecticide soap after 72 h exposure time categorized at the highest and no/little toxicity rates, respectively. Ingestion bioassays on filter papers revealed that imidacloprid and thiacloprid had moderate toxicity rate, while insecticide soap had a low-level toxicity rate. Repellency test at Y-tube olfactometer showed that the repellent effects of both chemicals were more than that of insecticide soap. It is concluded that coconut-derived soap was compatible with the parasitoid activity, and the caution should be paid when including the two neonicotinoid insecticides imidacloprid and thiacloprid for <em>E. lanigerum</em> management.</p>

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