scholarly journals Monitoring Depth of Discharge of a Valve Regulated Lead Acid Battery in a Standalone PV System

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirdiansyah ◽  
Ahmad Taqwa ◽  
Yohandri Bow
Keyword(s):  
Lead Acid Battery ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Depth Of Discharge ◽  
Lead Acid

scholarly journals Modeling of Photovoltaic MPPT Lead Acid Battery Charge Controller for Standalone System Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 182 ◽  
pp. 03005
Author(s):  
Rodney H.G. Tan ◽  
Chee Kang Er ◽  
Sunil G. Solanki
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Power ◽  
Maximum Point ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Lead Acid Battery ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Photovoltaic Panel ◽  
Battery Charge ◽  
Pv Panel ◽  
Charging Strategy ◽  
Lead Acid

This paper presents the circuitry modeling of the solar photovoltaic MPPT lead-acid battery charge controller for the standalone system in MATLAB/Simulink environment. A buck topology is utilized as a DC-DC converter for the charge controller implementation. The maximum power of the photovoltaic panel is tracked by the Perturb and Observe MPPT algorithm. The battery charge controller charges the lead-acid battery using a three-stage charging strategy. The three charging stages include the MPPT bulk charge, constant voltage absorption charge, and float charge stage. The performance analysis of the model is carried out in the following aspects, there are MPPT tracking performance, battery charging performance and overall charge controller efficiency performance are benchmarked with commercial MPPT charge controller for validation. The performance result shows that the MPPT is capable to track to the PV panel maximum point at any solar irradiance variation within 0.5 seconds with maximum power tracking efficiency up to 99.9 %. The three-stage charging strategy also successfully demonstrated. The overall charge controller average efficiency achieved up to 98.3 % which matches many high end commercial solar PV MPPT charge controller product specifications. This validated model contributes to a better sizing of PV panel and battery energy storage for the small and medium standalone PV system.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Pola Penggunaan Otomotif Angkutan Umum Perkotaan Terhadap Hilangnya Kapasitas Baterai Berbahan Lead Acid Secara Prematur

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ahmad Juang Pratama ◽  
Hamzah Firdaus
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Lead Acid Battery ◽  
Positive Mass ◽  
Depth Of Discharge ◽  
Operational Characteristics ◽  
Battery Capacity ◽  
Excessive Load ◽  
Lead Acid

<p><em>Abstract<strong> – </strong></em><strong>Baterai berbahan <em>Lead Acid</em> (BLA) digunakan pada hampir semua kendaraan termasuk angkutan umum beroda empat. Kecepatan penuaan pada proses penuan BLA sangat dipengaruhi oleh cara penggunaan BLA. Pengisian yang berlebihan, akan mengakibatkan korosi dan mempercepat  penguapan  air. Bertambahannya siklus pembebanan dalam (<em>depth of discharge</em>), degradasi massa postifif akan terakselerasi. Beberapa kerusakan Selain itu pembebanan yang berlebihan juga akan mengakibatkan lepasnya masa positif dari grid karena proses pembebanan BLA yang melebihi seharusnya. Keawetan BLA pada Angkutan umum perkotaan sangat ditentukan pola penggunaannya. Karakteristik operasional yang sering menuntut kendaraan berhenti akan memiliki pengaruh jenis kerusakan tertentu pada komponen BLA Penelitian ini akan mengeksplorasi karakterristikoperasional angkutan perkotaan. Dengan diketahuinya karakteristik operasionalnya maka dapat disiapkan langkah antisipatif dan prediktif  dalam hal perawatan dan penggunaan BLA sehingga masa servis BLA akan lebih panjang serta meningkatkan efisiensi biaya para pemilik angkutan perkotaan.</strong></p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong><strong> – </strong><em>BLA (Lead Acid Battery), transportasi perkotaan, masa servis BLA</em><strong></strong></p><p> </p><p><em>Abstract - </em><strong>Lead Acid batteries (BLA) is used for most of all public transport vehicles including four-wheel drive. Speed of aging battery  is strongly influenced by operational pattern and maintenance of public transport vihicle. Overcharging, will result in corrosion and accelerate the evaporation of water. With more loading cycles in the (depth of discharge), positive mass degradation will be accelerated. Moreove,  excessive load will also result in the release of a positive mass of the grid due to the excessive load can be taken by battery. The durability of the Battery on urban public transportation is also determined patterns of use. For example, operational characteristics a vehicle that often requires stopping  would have the effect of certain types of damage to the components of the battery.  This study will explore urban transport operational characteristics. By knowing the operational characteristics, a set of procedures can be set up in order to prevent premature loss of battery capacity. By using apropriate predictive maintenance procedure, the life span of battery will be longer, thus will  improve the cost efficiency for starter lead acid battery replacement. </strong></p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong><strong> – </strong><em>BLA (Lead Acid Battery), urban transport, service life BLA</em><strong></strong></p>

A High Power, Sealed, Lead-Acid Battery for Electric Vehicles

1990 ◽  
Vol 112 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. B. Edwards ◽  
B. Carter
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Thin Plates ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Lead Acid Battery ◽  
Power Performance ◽  
Depth Of Discharge ◽  
High Specific Power ◽  
The Face ◽  
Lead Acid

A novel, lead-acid battery has been designed specifically for an electric van application. The design consists of horizontally oriented, dual lugged plates in a sealed configuration. Thin plates are used in the design to obtain improved energy performance. High specific power is achieved with dual lugs and a grid aspect ratio that shortens conductor paths. Axial pressure applied to the face of the cell stack allows the thin plates to be used in a deep cycle application. Fifteen cells representing the design concept were fabricated by a battery manufacturer. Twelve of these cells were cycled. The cells attained approximately 600 cycles (80 percent depth of discharge, DOD, at the 2 hour rate) and had not failed before the tests were stopped. The projected specific energy for these cells operated at 110°F (43°C) is about 35 w-hr/kg (2 hr rate). The specific power was calculated to be approximately 200 w/kg (80 percent DOD) when new and 140 w/kg (80 percent DOD) after 364 cycles. The power performance, while still high, did degrade more rapidly than the energy performance.

scholarly journals Power-Efficient Hybrid Energy Storage System for Seismic Nodes

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Dauda Duncan ◽  
Adamu Murtala Zungeru ◽  
Mmoloki Mangwala ◽  
Bakary Diarra ◽  
Bokani Mtengi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Network Model ◽  
Neural Network Model ◽  
Photovoltaic Module ◽  
Lead Acid Battery ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Energy Harvesting System ◽  
Lead Acid

Recent surveys in the energy harvesting system for seismic nodes show that, most often, a single energy source energizes the seismic system and fails most frequently. The major concern is the limited lifecycle of battery and high routine cost. Simplicity and inexperience have caused intermittent undersizing or oversizing of the system. Optimizing solar cell constraints is required. The hybridization of the lead-acid battery and supercapacitor enables the stress on the battery to lessen and increases the lifetime. An artificial neural network model is implemented to resolve the rapid input variations across the photovoltaic module. The best performance was attained at the epoch of 117 and the mean square error of 1.1176e-6 with regression values of training, test, and validation at 0.99647, 0.99724, and 0.99534, respectively. The paper presents simulations of Nsukka seismic node as a case study and to deepen the understanding of the system. The significant contributions of the study are (1) identification of the considerations of the PV system at a typical remote seismic node through energy transducer and storage modelling, (2) optimal sizing of PV module and lead-acid battery, and, lastly, (3) hybridization of the energy storage systems (the battery and supercapacitor) to enable the energy harvesting system to maximize the available ambient irradiance. The results show the neural network model delivered efficient power with duty cycles across the converter and relatively less complexities, while the supercapacitor complemented the lead-acid battery and delivered an overall efficiency of about 75 % .

scholarly journals Hybridizing Lead–Acid Batteries with Supercapacitors: A Methodology

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 507
Author(s):  
Xi Luo ◽  
Jorge Varela Barreras ◽  
Clementine L. Chambon ◽  
Billy Wu ◽  
Efstratios Batzelis
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Lead Acid Battery ◽  
Dc Microgrid ◽  
Depth Of Discharge ◽  
Battery Degradation ◽  
Battery Energy ◽  
Lead Acid

Hybridizing a lead–acid battery energy storage system (ESS) with supercapacitors is a promising solution to cope with the increased battery degradation in standalone microgrids that suffer from irregular electricity profiles. There are many studies in the literature on such hybrid energy storage systems (HESS), usually examining the various hybridization aspects separately. This paper provides a holistic look at the design of an HESS. A new control scheme is proposed that applies power filtering to smooth out the battery profile, while strictly adhering to the supercapacitors’ voltage limits. A new lead–acid battery model is introduced, which accounts for the combined effects of a microcycle’s depth of discharge (DoD) and battery temperature, usually considered separately in the literature. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis on the thermal parameters and an economic analysis were performed using a 90-day electricity profile from an actual DC microgrid in India to infer the hybridization benefit. The results show that the hybridization is beneficial mainly at poor thermal conditions and highlight the need for a battery degradation model that considers both the DoD effect with microcycle resolution and temperate impact to accurately assess the gain from such a hybridization.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document