scholarly journals Thoughts on the Development of Physical Geography in the New Era

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhanjun Li
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Environmental Change ◽  
Global Environmental Change ◽  
Physical Geography ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Coupling Mechanism ◽  
Climate Change Research ◽  
New Era ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
Global Environmental

Physical geography is the basic discipline of geography and the cornerstone of comprehensive geography research. Based on the main research progress of physical geography, This paper considered the development direction of natural geography in the new era. Driven by global environmental change, physical geography and its sub-disciplines have gained new development in heritage. The research progress of physical geography in recent years mainly includes the integration and deepening of natural geographical processes, the integration of terrestrial surface systems, land-sea interactions and regional ecological environment management applications. The development of physical geography and its sub-disciplines needs to face the global environmental change and human needs, explore the application of new technologies and methods, conduct multi-factor and multi-process integration research, develop and improve geographic models, simulate and predict environmental change and sustainable development, and serve Major national needs and government decisions. In the process of development, it is urgent to pay attention to the following frontier areas and directions:(1) Geomorphology needs to focus on strengthening the relationship between geomorphology and global environmental change and human activities;(2) Biogeography needs to deepen the frontier fields such as attribute geography and global change biogeography. Exploring the spatial distribution of biogeography and human needs in the context of connection changes;(3) Hydrology needs to carry out comprehensive integration research of multi-element, multi-process and multi-scale, and develop emerging subject areas such as ecological hydrology, social hydrology and hydromorphology;(4) Physical Geography needs to be comprehensively introduced into climate change research’s role in the major international climate change research program, the climate change framework convention, etc;(5) Comprehensive physical geography needs to face the country’s major needs, focusing on the coupling of human and land systems In the areas of resource and environmental carrying capacity evaluation, ecological security pattern and ecological civilization construction, etc.;(6) Physical geography needs to deepen the coupling of natural and human elements and process research ‘establishing and developing complex system simulation model’ analysis and simulation change environment Nature, humanity Su coupling mechanism and the dynamic changes of land surface systems.

Global Environmental Change and Emerging Infectious Diseases

2019 ◽  
pp. 38-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Machalaba ◽  
Cristina Romanelli ◽  
Peter Stoett
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Environmental Change ◽  
Global Environmental Change ◽  
Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Economic Costs ◽  
Knowledge Gaps ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Global Environmental

The prediction of emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) and the avoidance of their tremendous social and economic costs is contingent on the identification of their most likely drivers. It is argued that the drivers of global environmental change (and climate change as both a driver and an impact) are often the drivers of EIDs; and that the two overlap to such a strong degree that targeting these drivers is sound epidemiological policy. Several drivers overlap with the leading causes of biodiversity loss, providing opportunities for health and biodiversity sectors to generate synergies at local and global levels. This chapter provides a primer on EID ecology, reviews underlying drivers and mechanisms that facilitate pathogen spillover and spread, provides suggested policy and practice-based actions toward the prevention of EIDs in the context of environmental change, and identifies knowledge gaps for the purpose of further research.

Global Environmental Change and Emerging Infectious Diseases

2017 ◽  
pp. 24-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Machalaba ◽  
Cristina Romanelli ◽  
Peter Stoett
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Environmental Change ◽  
Global Environmental Change ◽  
Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Economic Costs ◽  
Knowledge Gaps ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Global Environmental

The prediction of emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) and the avoidance of their tremendous social and economic costs is contingent on the identification of their most likely drivers. It is argued that the drivers of global environmental change (and climate change as both a driver and an impact) are often the drivers of EIDs; and that the two overlap to such a strong degree that targeting these drivers is sound epidemiological policy. Several drivers overlap with the leading causes of biodiversity loss, providing opportunities for health and biodiversity sectors to generate synergies at local and global levels. This chapter provides a primer on EID ecology, reviews underlying drivers and mechanisms that facilitate pathogen spillover and spread, provides suggested policy and practice-based actions toward the prevention of EIDs in the context of environmental change, and identifies knowledge gaps for the purpose of further research.

Research on climate change and migration where are we and where are we going?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Ferris
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Environmental Change ◽  
Global Environmental Change ◽  
Forced Migration ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Executive Summary ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Governance Challenges ◽  
Migration Crisis ◽  
And Migration

Abstract Today the issue of climate change-induced mobility—whether displacement, migration, or relocation—is receiving increased interest from policy-makers, academics, and the general public. Many are turning to the academic community for answers to basic questions (how many people are expected to move? when? where?) and for directions for future policies (what measures can support people to remain in their communities? If people have to move, how can the disruption be minimized—for those moving and for the affected communities?). While there is a growing body of literature on the issue, the academic community writ large is presently unable to provide consistent comprehensive evidence or guidance on these issues. Most obviously, there is no consensus about what terminology to use—climate change refugee? Environmental migrant? [e.g. Dun and Gemenne 2008. ‘Defining Environmental Migration’, Forced Migration Review, 31: 10–11]. Nor is there consensus on how many people are expected to move; different research projects use different time frames (2030, 2050, 2100, etc.), are based on different assumptions, and (not surprisingly) come up with different estimates, ranging from 50 million to 1 billion migrants associated with the effects of climate change during this century [e.g. Stern, N. (2006) ‘Stern review on the economics of climate change. Executive Summary’. London: HM Treasury. Baird 2007. Human Tide: The Real Migration Crisis: A Christian Aid Report. London: Christian Aid; UN Development Programme (UNDP) (2007/2008). Human Development Report: Fighting Climate Change, Human Solidarity in a Divided World; Kolmannskog 2009, Climate Change, Disaster, Displacement and Migration: Initial Evidence from Africa. New Issues in Refuge Research (Research Paper No. 180). Geneva: UNHCR; Warner 2009. Global Environmental Change and Migration: Governance Challenges. Global Environmental Change].

Latin American Geography

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Robinson ◽  
César Caviedes
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Change ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Global Environmental Change ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
Physical Geography ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Resource Exploitation ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Integrated Study

The brief essay that constitutes this chapter demonstrates a resurgence of work on the region that bodes well for the future. A new generation of scholars is replacing those who have for many years provided leadership in a variety of subfields. Several old hands have retired, some are still publishing con gusto (Denevan, Siemens, Horst, Preston), others we have lost forever (Parsons, Stanislawski, West, Eden) though through their works (Denevan 1989, 1999; Pederson 1998) and their students they remain with us. It perhaps needs to be said that this brief account of the Latin Americanist historiography of the last decade should not be viewed in isolation. Too often we are marginalized as mere “regionalists” in an age that surely lacks well-trained ones (National Research Council 1997). Our efforts, be they in historical, environmental, cultural, political, or socioeconomic also need to be seen as crucial components of each of these thematic subfields. The work of North American geographers in the different fields of physical geography is being conducted under the paradigmatic premiss that the environment is a physical milieu and the place of residence and activity for humans. From that perspective, global environmental change, climatic crises, and increased pressures on biotic resources by increasing populations have been among the concerns of the scholars and politicians who, in 1992, called the Global Conference on the Environment (UNCED) in Rio de Janeiro. There, new agendas for the integrated study of humans and the biosphere were formulated. Investigations about past and present impacts of humans on natural environments have refocused on the ways in which socioeconomic circumstances preside over environmental change (Turner 1991). The explanatory avenues and paradigmatic tenets of the natural and social sciences are now closely integrated in the treatment of humans and their environments (Turner 1997a). Latin America, where demographic growth and urban sprawl are testing the resilience and the limits of natural environments, and resource exploitation is exerting critical pressure on finite resources, provides a showcase for this type of analysis.

Integrating livelihoods approaches with research on development and climate change adaptation

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan Clay
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Environmental Change ◽  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Global Environmental Change ◽  
Sustainable Livelihoods ◽  
Human Dimensions ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Analytical Frameworks ◽  
Oriented Approach

This article advances theory and methods for integrating sustainable livelihoods approaches (SLAs) with assessments of adaptive capacity to climate change. The livelihoods concept has been inconsistently applied in research on human dimensions of global environmental change, resulting in limited understanding about how development programmes and policies influence adaptive capacity. Encouraging reflection on the conceptual and methodological overlaps of livelihoods and adaptation, I suggest a process-oriented approach to adaptation that centres on how adaptive capacity is unevenly shaped. Livelihoods analytical frameworks can help visualize complex adaptation pathways, illuminating how households and individuals come to differ in their capacities to adapt to climate change.

scholarly journals Special Issue: Environmental Flows, Ecological Quality, and Ecosystem Services

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 2760
Author(s):  
Carles Ibáñez
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Invasive Species ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Environmental Change ◽  
Environmental Flows ◽  
Global Environmental Change ◽  
Water Withdrawal ◽  
Ecological Quality ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Global Environmental

Global environmental change is greatly disturbing rivers and estuaries by a number of stressors, among which water withdrawal, damming, pollution, invasive species, and climate change are the most worrying [...]

Global Environmental Change and Emerging Infectious Diseases

2018 ◽  
pp. 393-426
Author(s):  
Catherine Machalaba ◽  
Cristina Romanelli ◽  
Peter Stoett
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Environmental Change ◽  
Global Environmental Change ◽  
Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Economic Costs ◽  
Knowledge Gaps ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Global Environmental

The prediction of emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) and the avoidance of their tremendous social and economic costs is contingent on the identification of their most likely drivers. It is argued that the drivers of global environmental change (and climate change as both a driver and an impact) are often the drivers of EIDs; and that the two overlap to such a strong degree that targeting these drivers is sound epidemiological policy. Several drivers overlap with the leading causes of biodiversity loss, providing opportunities for health and biodiversity sectors to generate synergies at local and global levels. This chapter provides a primer on EID ecology, reviews underlying drivers and mechanisms that facilitate pathogen spillover and spread, provides suggested policy and practice-based actions toward the prevention of EIDs in the context of environmental change, and identifies knowledge gaps for the purpose of further research.

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