Acute Normovolemic Hemodilution-assisted Terminal Blood Procurement in Swine for Ex Vivo Organ Perfusion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
W Kelly Wu ◽  
John W Stokes ◽  
Rei Ukita ◽  
Ioannis Ziogas ◽  
Yatrik J Patel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organ Preservation ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Large Animal ◽  
Organ Perfusion ◽  
Acute Normovolemic Hemodilution ◽  
Research Protocols ◽  
Research Platform ◽  
Normovolemic Hemodilution ◽  
Sus Scrofa Domesticus ◽  
Terminal Blood

Swine (Sus scrofa domesticus) are commonly used large animal subjects for the study of disease and preclinical therapies. Organ machine perfusion is a therapy that has gained momentum as a research platform for the study of ex vivo organ preservation and therapeutics. However, complex perfusion circuits and research protocols often require large volumes of blood as perfusate. Here, we report a technique for increasing terminal blood yield during swine organ and blood procurement; our method involves acute normovolemic hemodilution and exsanguination via the femoral artery. We collected a total of 47 ± 4 mL/kg of blood and 4.3 ± 0.6 g/kg of hemoglobin, representing 73% ± 6% of the estimated blood volume and 64% ± 8% of the total estimated intravascular hemoglobin (n = 4). Neither pH, lactate, nor pO2 levels changed significantly during blood procurement. Acute normovolemic hemodilution is an effective method for increasing RBC and hemoglobin yield during blood procurement in swine.

scholarly journals Effects of whole blood storage in a polyolefin blood bag on platelets for acute normovolemic hemodilution

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yutaka Murata ◽  
Eriko Kusudo ◽  
Shuji Kawamoto ◽  
Kazuhiko Fukuda
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Chloride ◽  
Conventional Method ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Gas Permeability ◽  
Acute Normovolemic Hemodilution ◽  
Blood Storage ◽  
Cell Parameters ◽  
Storage Method ◽  
Normovolemic Hemodilution ◽  
Induced Aggregation

AbstractAcute normovolemic hemodilution (ANH) is a potential transfusion method for platelets, as well as for red blood cells. However, previous studies have shown that whole blood storage in ANH decreases platelet aggregability by 14.7–76.3% and that this decrease is not recovered by reinfusion. We investigated whether a new whole blood storage method for 6 h using a polyolefin bag, based on the platelet concentrates storage method, would maintain platelet function better than the conventional method using a polyvinyl chloride bag. We demonstrated that storage of whole blood in a polyolefin bag maintained ADP-induced aggregation rates at more than twofold higher than those in a polyvinyl chloride bag, and also significantly suppressed P-selectin expression, a platelet activation marker (ADP-induced aggregation rates: 24.6 ± 5.1% vs. 51.7 ± 11.5%, p = 0.002; P-selectin expression; 50.3 ± 8.4MFI vs. 31.6 ± 9.3MFI, p = 0.018). These results could be attributed to the high gas permeability of polyolefin, which lowered PCO2 and maintained a high pH with or without agitation. There were no significant changes in platelet count and red blood cell parameters due to the storage methods. Our results suggest that ANH using polyolefin bags is advantageous in improving hemostatic function compared to the conventional method.

scholarly journals Generation of vascular chimerism within donor organs

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahar Cohen ◽  
Shirly Partouche ◽  
Michael Gurevich ◽  
Vladimir Tennak ◽  
Vadym Mezhybovsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Machine Perfusion ◽  
Organ Perfusion ◽  
Perfusion Process ◽  
Hind Limbs ◽  
Porcine Organs ◽  
Immunological Barrier

AbstractWhole organ perfusion decellularization has been proposed as a promising method to generate non-immunogenic organs from allogeneic and xenogeneic donors. However, the ability to recellularize organ scaffolds with multiple patient-specific cells in a spatially controlled manner remains challenging. Here, we propose that replacing donor endothelial cells alone, while keeping the rest of the organ viable and functional, is more technically feasible, and may offer a significant shortcut in the efforts to engineer transplantable organs. Vascular decellularization was achieved ex vivo, under controlled machine perfusion conditions, in various rat and porcine organs, including the kidneys, liver, lungs, heart, aorta, hind limbs, and pancreas. In addition, vascular decellularization of selected organs was performed in situ, within the donor body, achieving better control over the perfusion process. Human placenta-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) were used as immunologically-acceptable human cells to repopulate the luminal surface of de-endothelialized aorta (in vitro), kidneys, lungs and hind limbs (ex vivo). This study provides evidence that artificially generating vascular chimerism is feasible and could potentially pave the way for crossing the immunological barrier to xenotransplantation, as well as reducing the immunological burden of allogeneic grafts.

scholarly journals Myorelaxant Effect of the Dysphania ambrosioides Essential Oil on Sus scrofa domesticus Coronary Artery and Its Toxicity in the Drosophila melanogaster Model

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 2041
Author(s):  
Luiz Jardelino de Lacerda Neto ◽  
Andreza Guedes Barbosa Ramos ◽  
Renata Evaristo Rodrigues da Silva ◽  
Luís Pereira-de-Morais ◽  
Fernanda Maria Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Sus Scrofa ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Sus Scrofa Domesticus

Purpose: Alternative methods for the use of animals in research have gained increasing importance, due to assessments evaluating the real need for their use and the development of legislation that regulates the subject. The principle of the 3R’s (replacement, reduction and refinement) has been an important reference, such that in vitro, ex vivo and cord replacement methods have achieved a prominent place in research. Methods: Therefore, due to successful results from studies developed with these methods, the present study aimed to evaluate the myorelaxant effect of the Dysphania ambrosioides essential oil (EODa) using a Sus scrofa domesticus coronary artery model, and the toxicity of both the Dysphania ambrosioides essential oil and its major constituent, α-terpinene, against Drosophila melanogaster in toxicity and negative geotaxis assays. Results: The EODa relaxed the smooth muscle of swine coronary arteries precontracted with K+ and 5-HT in assays using Sus scrofa domesticus coronary arteries. The toxicity results presented LC50 values of 1.546 mg/mL and 2.282 mg/mL for the EODa and α-terpinene, respectively, thus showing the EODa and α-terpinene presented toxicity to these dipterans, with the EODa being more toxic. Conclusions: Moreover, the results reveal the possibility of using the EODa in vascular disease studies since it promoted the relaxation of the Sus scrofa domesticus coronary smooth muscle.

scholarly journals Impella RP versus pharmacologic vasoactive treatment in profound cardiogenic shock due to right ventricular failure: Unloading and end-organ perfusion in a large animal model

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Josiassen ◽  
OKL Helgestad ◽  
NLJ Udesen ◽  
A Banke ◽  
PH Frederiksen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Cardiogenic Shock ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Large Animal Model ◽  
Similar Degree ◽  
Large Animal ◽  
Organ Perfusion ◽  
Venous Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Cerebral Venous Oxygen Saturation

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Foundation. Main funding source(s): The Danish Heart Foundation Unrestricted research grant from Abiomed Background No strong evidence exists regarding the treatment of cardiogenic shock (CS) caused by acute right ventricular (RV) failure which has mainly consisted of vasoactive drugs. There is expert agreement that treatment with the recently developed Impella RP is feasible, but no previous studies have compared vasoactive treatment strategies with the Impella RP in terms of cardiac unloading and end-organ perfusion. Hypothesis Treatment with the Impella RP device will be associated with lower RV myocardial workload (pressure-volume area) compared to vasoactive treatment strategies and can furthermore be achieved without compromising organ perfusion. Methods CS was induced by a stepwise injection of polyvinyl alcohol microspheres into the right coronary artery in twenty adult female Danish landrace pigs weighing 75-80 kg. After induction of CS, the pigs were allocated to one of the two interventions for 180 minutes: 1) vasoactive therapy comprised a continuous infusion of norepinephrine (0.1 µg/kg/min) for the first 30 minutes, supplemented by an infusion of milrinone (0.4 µg/kg/min) for the remaining 150 minutes or 2) immediate insertion of and treatment with the Impella RP.  The results are presented as median [Q1;Q3]. Results Treatment with the Impella RP was associated with a lower RV workload compared to the vasoactive group, while no difference was observed with regards to left ventricular workload among intervention groups, Figure 1. Renal venous oxygen saturation increased to a similar degree following both interventions compared to the state of CS. A trend towards a higher cerebral venous oxygen saturation was observed with norepinephrine compared to Impella RP (Impella RP 51 [47;61] % vs Norepinephrine 62 [57;71] % ; p = 0.07), which became significantly higher with the addition of milrinone (Impella RP 45 [32;63] % vs Norepinephrine +Milrinone 73 [66;81] %; p = 0.002). Conclusion In this large animal model of profound CS caused by predominantly RV failure the Impella RP unloaded the failing RV. The vasoactive treatment, however, caused a higher cerebral venous oxygen saturation, while both interventions increased renal venous oxygen saturation to a similar degree. Abstract Figure 1

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document