Modern architecture in Indonesia: A genealogy study

Architectures in Indonesia are often identified as 'unique' compared to European and American constructions. They are referred to as Wastuwidya by Mangunwijaya and Nusantara by Prijotomo. This paper, therefore, aimed to examine the reasons for the perceived similar principles between the Indonesian architectures and those in Europe or America and also reviewed the architecture in the country beyond the identity. This involved the application of a historical approach with synchronous-diachronic methods to determine the significance of a historical timeline and its architectural content. The results showed the country’s modern architecture is associated with the foreign entry, its climate, and socio-cultural conditions, and also perceived as a sign of certain political powers presented during the Daendels and Sukarno era. Indonesian and European/American architectural designs were also observed to have different entry processes. Therefore, modern architecture should be perceived as a process rather than a product. © 2020 Johannes Adiyanto

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WOMEN’S LEADERSHIP IN ISLAM: A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE OF A HADITH

Indonesian Journal of Islamic Literature and Muslim Society ◽

10.22515/islimus.v5i2.3276 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 219-234

Author(s):

Syamsul Bakri

Keyword(s):

Historical Perspective ◽

Women's Leadership ◽

Islamic History ◽

Knowledge And Skills ◽

Historical Approach ◽

Critical Studies ◽

Cultural Conditions ◽

Philosophy Of Cosmology ◽

Data Source ◽

The Common

This paper aims to describe woman’s leadership in Islam. Woman’s leadership had become considerable polemic in Islamic history. The data source of this qualitative research was taken from books of hadith. The data was analyzed using the hermeneutical Takhrij method and historical approach. A conclusion drawn from this study is that the woman’s leadership prohibition originally was referred from hadith narrated by Abu Bakrah as the common link. He had interpreted the meaning of hadith from his cognizance. It was influenced by his philosophy of cosmology and culture at that time, which cannot be said to represent Islam. In critical studies, hadith has a temporal and conditional meaning. The prohibition for women’s leadership occurred because many ulama interpret the misogynist hadith textually, instead of historically. This historical approach to misogynist hadith has led to the conclusion that there is nothing wrong with women’s leadership in government as long as they have the capacity, knowledge, and skills. The psycho-historical approach at the time of the Prophet Muhammad and the socio-cultural conditions that developed during the era increasingly showed that the hadith was not an absolute prohibition for a woman to lead a government.

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Dinamika Tafsir Al-Qur'an di Indonesia

Rausyan Fikr: Jurnal Studi Ilmu Ushuluddin dan Filsafat ◽

10.24239/rsy.v16i1.492 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 1-28

Author(s):

M. Zia Al-Ayyubi

Keyword(s):

Historical Approach ◽

Cultural Conditions ◽

Its Regions

This paper discusses a dynamics of interpretation that occurred in Indonesia, which is specifically limited or focused on the era of pre-colonialism to the era of colonialism. The limitation in this paper needs to be done considering the scope of study of interpretation dynamics in Indonesia is too broad. So with the addition of keywords the era of pre-colonialism and the era of colonialism is intended to limit the scope of the study of the dynamics of interpretation in Indonesia. This article uses a historical approach, which explains how the development and dynamics of Indonesian interpretation with the historical approach that occurred in the era of pre-colonialism to the era of Colonialism. As is well known, that the dynamics of interpretation in Indonesia emerged or began since Islam entered Indonesia. Then the dynamics continue to develop in such a way along with social, cultural, political developments, which occur in each era. From various commentary books that appeared in the era of pre-colonialism to the era of colonialism, it shows that the dynamics of the interpretation of the Qur'an in Indonesia can be said to be quite dynamic. This is due to the influence of dynamic localist politics, social and cultural conditions in each era and its regions. Pada tulisan ini, dibahas sebuah dinamika tafsir yang terjadi di Indonesia, yang secara khusus dibatasi atau difokuskan pada era pra-kolonialisme hingga era kolonialisme. Pembatasan dalam tulisan ini perlu dilakukan mengingat cakupan kajian dinamika tafsir di Indonesia terlampau luas. Sehingga dengan penambahan kata kunci era pra-kolonialisme dan era kolonialisme ini dimaksudkan untuk membatasi ruang lingkup kajian dinamika tafsir di Indonesia. Artikel ini menggunakan pendekatan sejarah, yakni menjelaskan bagaimana perkembangan dan dinamika tafsir Indonesia dengan pendekatan sejarah yang terjadi pada era pra-kolonialisme hingga era Kolonialisme. Sebagaimana yang sudah maklum diketahui, bahwasanya dinamika tafsir di Indonesia muncul atau dimulai sejak agama Islam masuk di Indonesia. Kemudian dinamika tersebut terus berkembang sedemikian rupa seiring dengan perkembangan sosial, budaya, politik, yang terjadi disetiap zamannya. Dari berbagai kitab tafsir yang muncul di era pra-kolonialisme hingga era kolonialisme ini menunjukkan bahwa dinamika tafsir Al-Qur’an di Indonesia dapat dikatakan cukup dinamis. Hal tersebut disebabkan adanya keterpengaruhan dari keadaan sosial, budaya, dan politik yang dinamis-lokalis disetiap zaman dan wilayah-regionalnya.

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ANALISIS BENTUK KUBAH DAN AKULTURASI BUDAYA PADA BANGUNAN MASJID AL OSMANI MEDAN

Jurnal Seni dan Reka Rancang: Jurnal Ilmiah Magister Desain ◽

10.25105/jsrr.v3i2.9426 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 121

Author(s):

Rendy Prayogi ◽

Ganal Rudiyanto ◽

Achmad Syarief

Keyword(s):

Middle Eastern ◽

Modern Architecture ◽

Traditional Architecture ◽

Historical Approach ◽

Cultural Arts ◽

Functional Development ◽

Eastern Cultures ◽

The Aesthetic ◽

Building Form ◽

Dome Shape

<div class="WordSection1">AbstractMedan City is a combination of several ethnicities and cultures, because in Medan there are several Acehnese, Batak and Malay ethnic groups. Medan has a Malay Deli building with exotic religious and artistic nuances to visit, especially if we like typical Malay buildings such as the Al Osmani Mosque building which still elevates and preserves cultural arts even though there has been a renewal of traditional architecture into modern architecture, but the Malay building still has value. aesthetics with various types of ornament forms, colors, placement of Malay ornaments and also the acculturation of various cultures. Al Osmani Mosque was first built in 1854 with selected wood materials imported from Penang. During the VII Deli Malay Sultanate, namely Sultan Osman Perkasa Alam. Then in 1870 - 1872 the wooden mosque was built permanently by his son, Sultan Mahmud Perkasa Alam (VIII Sultan of Deli). The Al Osmani mosque building was designed by a German architect named GD Langereis with materials sent from Spain and Persia. This study uses a historical approach and aesthetic approach. The historical approach will involve a discussion of the origins of the building form of the Al Osmani Mosque and its functional development since it was founded until now. The aesthetic approach will involve a discussion of the dome shape of the Al Osmani Mosque, what cultural acculturations are there in the Medan Al Osmani Mosque building so that it can attract attention and have unique characteristics? The results showed that the Al Osmani Mosque and its interior as well as the space filling elements in it were not fully influenced by the aesthetics of the forms that came from the Deli Malay culture but were also influenced by the aesthetic forms of Chinese, European, Indian and Middle Eastern cultures.Keywords : Acculturation, Ornaments, Aesthetics, History, Al Osmani Mosque. AbstrakKota Medan merupakan perpaduan dari beberapa etnis dan budaya, karena di Kota Medan di dapati beberapa etnis Aceh, etnis Batak dan etnis Melayu. Medan memiliki bangunan Melayu Deli bernuansa seni dan religi yang eksotis untuk dikunjungi khususnya jika kita menyukai bangunan-bangunan khas Melayu seperti Bangunan Masjid Al Osmani masih mengangkat dan melestarikan seni budaya meskipun terjadi pembaharuan arsitektur tradisional menjadi arsitektur modern, tetapi pada bangunan Melayu tersebut masih memiliki nilai estetis dengan berbagai jenis bentuk ornamen, warna, penempatan ornamen Melayu dan juga akulturasi dari berbagai budaya. Masjid Al Osmani pertama kali dibangun pada tahun 1854 dengan bahan kayu pilihan yang didatangkan dari Penang. Pada masa Kesultanan Melayu Deli ke-VII yaitu Sultan Osman Perkasa Alam. Kemudian pada tahun 1870 - 1872 masjid yang terbuat dari bahan kayu itu dibangun permanen oleh putranya yakni Sultan Mahmud Perkasa Alam (Sultan Deli ke-VIII). Bangunan masjid Al Osmani di desain oleh arsitek asal Jerman yang bernama GD Langereis dengan material yang dikirim dari Spanyol dan Persia. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan sejarah dan pendekatan estetika. Pendekatan sejarah akan menyangkut pembahasan tentang asal-usul bentuk bangunan Masjid Al Osmani dan perkembangan fungsionalnya sejak didirikan hingga sekarang. Pendekatan estetika akan menyangkut pembahasan tentang bentuk kubah Masjid Al Osmani, akulturasi budaya apa saja yang terdapat pada bangunan Masjid Al Osmani Medan sehingga bisa menarik perhatian dan memiliki ciri khas yang unik?. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa Masjid Al Osmani dan interiornya serta elemen pengisi ruang di dalamnya tidak sepenuhnya dipengaruhi oleh estetika bentuk yang berasal dari budaya Melayu Deli tetapi juga dipengaruhi oleh estetika bentuk dari kebudayaan China, Eropa, India dan Timur Tengah.</div>Kata Kunci : Akulturasi, Ornamen, Estetika, Sejarah, Masjid Al Osmani.

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METAPHOR AS A MEANS OF EXPRESSION IN POSTMODERN ARCHITECTURE: LITHUANIAN CASE / METAFORA KAIP POSTMODERNIZMO ARCHITEKTŪROS RAIŠKOS PRIEMONĖ. LIETUVOS ATVEJIS

Journal of Architecture and Urbanism ◽

10.3846/20297955.2012.732486 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 36 (3) ◽

pp. 170-180 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Martynas Mankus

Keyword(s):

Modern Architecture ◽

Cultural Conditions

The article tackles manifestations of metaphor seen as one of the most important instruments for creating significance and individuality in architecture; lays out the concept of metaphor in postmodern architecture which has elaborated and solidified it; and examines socio-cultural conditions of its origins. As the relation between metaphor and modernism is discussed, the intrinsic differences are identified highlighting the most pronounced stylistic features. It is implied that metaphor being transplanted to modern architecture remains an important tool for its communicative qualities. The analysis of manifestations of metaphorical aspect is based on architectural examples from Lithuania. Santrauka Straipsnyje nagrinėjamos vienos iš svarbiausių architektūros ženkliškumo ir savitumo kūrimo priemonių – metaforos – apraiškos. Analizuojama postmodernizmo architektūros, išplėtojusios ir įtvirtinusios metaforos terminą, samprata; apžvelgiamos jos atsiradimo sociokultūrinės prielaidos. Aptariant jos santykį su modernizmu, nurodomi tarpusavio skirtumai, išskiriami ryškiausi stiliaus bruožai. Charakterizuojant metaforos perkėlimą į architektūrą, daroma prielaida, kad dėl savo komunikacinių savybių ji išlieka svarbia priemone šiuolaikinėje architektūroje. Remiantis Lietuvos architektūros pavyzdžiais, nagrinėjamos metaforiškojo aspekto apraiškos.

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