scholarly journals Fathen (Chenopodium album) a biotype resistant to dicamba

2005 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 152-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.K. James ◽  
A. Rahman ◽  
J.M. Meilsop
Keyword(s):  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Triazine Herbicides ◽  
Normal Field ◽  
Postemergence Herbicides

The broadleaf weed fathen (Chenopodium album) is a serious problem in maize crops In the 1979/80 season a biotype appeared that was resistant to the triazine herbicides and now this biotype is believed to occur in most maize fields Its control is principally by postemergence herbicides with dicamba being widely used Recently there have been reports of inadequate control of fathen by dicamba To test for resistance seeds were collected from fathen plants that were found alive in the field after application of dicamba These seed lines were grown in a glasshouse and treated with several rates of dicamba and other herbicides The fathen plants from one collection were not resistant to dicamba and were probably from plants that germinated after the field application of dicamba The fathen plants from the second collection all survived treatment with dicamba applied at 4 times the normal field rate These plants were killed by nicosulfuron and bromoxynil

Control of Triazine-Resistant Smooth Pigweed (Amaranthus hybridus) and Common Lambsquarters (Chenopodium album) in No-till Corn (Zea mays)

1989 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward S. Hagood
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Amaranthus Hybridus ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Crop Tolerance ◽  
Resistant Species ◽  
No Till ◽  
Postemergence Herbicides ◽  
Smooth Pigweed ◽  
Better Than

Field experiments were established to evaluate preemergence and postemergence herbicides for control of triazine-resistant smooth pigweed and common lambsquarters in no-till corn. When applied preemergence, alachlor in the microencapsulated formulation controlled smooth pigweed better than the emulsifiable concentrate formulation and better than either metolachlor or pendimethalin. These herbicides applied preemergence did not control common lambsquarters consistently. Pendimethalin controlled both triazine-resistant species when applied as a sequential treatment of a preemergence and an early postemergence application. Control of triazine-resistant smooth pigweed and common lambsquarters was excellent when dicamba was applied early postemergence in treatments containing alachlor, metolachlor, or pendimethalin applied preemergence and/or early postemergence. Thiameturon and CGA-131036 controlled triazine-resistant smooth pigweed with acceptable crop tolerance. Thiameturon also controlled common lambsquarters, but control was unacceptable with CGA-131036.

STUDIES ON THE DIFFERENTIAL TOLERANCE OF TWO LAMB’S-QUARTERS SELECTIONS TO TRIAZINE HERBICIDES

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 1169-1177 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. I. N. JENSEN ◽  
J. D. BANDEEN ◽  
V. SOUZA MACHADO
Keyword(s):  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Root Uptake ◽  
Triazine Herbicides ◽  
Lamb’S Quarters ◽  
Selection Of

The uptake, translocation and metabolism of 14C-atrazine [2-chloro-4-(ethylamino)-6-(isopropylamino)-s-triazine] was investigated in an atrazine-resistant and an atrazine-susceptible selection of lamb’s-quarters (Chenopodium album L.). There were no differences between the two selections in foliar or root uptake of 14C-atrazine, or in translocation and accumulation of 14C-atrazine within the plants following root uptake. Both selections metabolized 14C-atrazine by hydroxylation, N-dealkylation, and conjugation to peptides. Although 14C-atrazine was detoxified more rapidly in roots of the resistant selection, this could not account for the large difference observed in tolerance. The atrazine-resistant selection was also resistant to a number of other 2-chloro-, 2-methylthio-, and 2-methoxy-s-triazine herbicides, and showed greater tolerance to other heterocyclic herbicides which inhibit photosynthesis than did the susceptible selection.

Common Lambsquarters (Chenopodium album) Control in Corn (Zea mays) with Postemergence Herbicides and Cultivation

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 728-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Parks ◽  
William S. Curran ◽  
Gregory W. Roth ◽  
Nathan L. Hartwig ◽  
Dennis D. Calvin
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Alternative Control ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Postemergence Herbicides ◽  
Weed Emergence ◽  
Low Rate

Greenhouse studies assessed the susceptibility of three common lambsquarters biotypes to foliar-applied bromoxynil, dicamba, and thifensulfuron. Field studies evaluated the effectiveness of the same herbicides in conjunction with atrazine and row cultivation for the control of common lambsquarters in corn. In the field, bromoxynil was applied at 140, 280, and 420 g/ha, dicamba at 140, 280, and 560 g/ha, and thifensulfuron at 2, 3, and 4 g/ha. In the greenhouse, bromoxynil and thifensulfuron reduced common lambsquarters growth by at least 55%, while dicamba reduced growth 45% or less. Two of the three biotypes were resistant to atrazine. In the field, weed control was up to 70% better in cultivated plots than in noncultivated plots. Cultivation sometimes promoted additional weed emergence, but later emerging weeds rarely reached reproductive maturity. Atrazine improved the level of weed control only if triazine-susceptible weeds were present. The lowest rates of bromoxynil and dicamba (140 g/ha) controlled common lambsquarters 85% or greater even without cultivation, whereas control with the low rate of thifensulfuron (2 g/ha) was acceptable (greater than 85%) 8 wk after planting only in combination with cultivation. Combinations of reduced herbicide rates and mechanical cultivation provided effective, alternative control strategies for both triazine-resistant and susceptible common lambsquarters.

Common Lambsquarters (Chenopodium album) Competition and Time of Removal in Soybeans (Glycine max)

Weed Science ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 38 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 358-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa M. Crook ◽  
Karen A. Renner
Keyword(s):  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
Degree Of Control ◽  
Postemergence Herbicides

Field studies were conducted in 1987 and 1988 to evaluate the control and competitiveness of common lambsquarters in soybeans when present at four densities and when removed at four time intervals. Common lambsquarters were removed by hand or treated with a postemergence herbicide application of bentazon plus acifluorfen. Common lambsquarters could remain 10 weeks following soybean emergence before a 20% soybean yield reduction occurred when weeds were removed by hand. When treatment was attempted with postemergence herbicides, a 20% yield reduction occurred in 1987 if application was not made prior to 5 weeks after emergence. In 1988, all postemergence herbicide applications failed to control lambsquarters due to drought conditions. The postemergence herbicide's degree of control was reflected in the number of remaining lambsquarters plants. Common lambsquarters seed production and germination was not influenced by postemergence herbicide application. There was a strong correlation between dry weight of uncontrolled common lambsquarters plants and seed produced per plant.

scholarly journals Chemical control options for the dicamba resistant biotype of fathen (Chenopodium album)

2008 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 287-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Rahman ◽  
T.K. James ◽  
M.R. Trolove
Keyword(s):  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Good Control ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Weed Cover ◽  
Postemergence Herbicides ◽  
Residual Control

Three field trials were conducted over two growing seasons to evaluate the efficacy of potential selective postemergence herbicides against dicamba resistant fathen (Chenopodium album) Results confirmed the presence of the biotype which tolerated dicamba up to 2400 g/ha eight times the recommended field rate Postemergence applications of bromoxynil pyridate nicosulfuron and mesotrione all showed equally good efficacy on both susceptible and resistant biotypes Flumetsulam provided good control in one of the three trials Nicosulfuron and mesotrione provided long term residual control in all trials with nicosulfuron also being more effective on grass weeds The 2400 g/ha rate of dicamba severely damaged the maize crop resulting in increased weed cover and reduced grain yield Numbers of viable fathen seeds in the soil at the end of the growing season remained similar to those recorded before planting except in plots that provided good control of fathen where numbers had dropped considerably

scholarly journals Photosynthetic Electron Transport Inhibition by 2-Substituted 4-Alkyl-6-benzylamino-1,3,5-triazines with Thylakoids from Wild-Type and Atrazine-Resistant Chenopodium album

2002 ◽  
Vol 57 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 1009-1015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruiko Okano ◽  
Aiko Ohki ◽  
Shinpei Ohki ◽  
Hitoshi Kohno ◽  
Jack J. S. van Rensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transport ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Photosynthetic Electron Transport ◽  
Resistance Ratio ◽  
Triazine Herbicides ◽  
Inhibition Assay ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Amino Groups ◽  
Triazine Derivatives ◽  
Derivatives Of

The effect of 2-benzylamino-1,3,5-triazines on photosynthetic electron transport (PET) was measured with thylakoids isolated from atrazine-resistant, wild-type Chenopodium album, and spinach to find novel 1,3,5-triazine herbicides bearing a strong PET inhibition. The PET inhibition assay with Chenopodium (wild-type and resistant), yielded a resistance ratio (R/ W = I50 (resistant)/I50 (wild-type)) of 324 for atrazine while for benzylamino-1,3,5-triazine derivatives of diamino-1,3,5-triazines a R/W of 11 to 160 was found. The compounds having a benzylamino group at one of the amino groups in the diamino-1,3,5-triazines have a resistant ratio down to one half to 1/30 of the atrazine value. The average resistance ratio of 21 benzylamino derivatives of monoamino-1,3,5-triazines was found to be about 4.0. The inhibition of 21 benzylamino-1,3,5-triazines assayed with atrazine-resistant Chenopodium thylakoids, indicated by pI50 (R) -values, correlated well with the PET inhibition pI50 (W) of wildtype thylakoids from Chenopodium.

RESISTANCE OF CHENOPODIUM ALBUM TO TRIAZINE HERBICIDES

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 411-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. BANDEEN ◽  
R. D. MCLAREN
Keyword(s):  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Triazine Herbicides

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