scholarly journals Plutella xylostella larval feeding effects on three forage brassica species kale rape and turnip

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 155-160
Author(s):  
A.J. Michel ◽  
R.C. Butler ◽  
M.M. Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Brassica Species ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Brassica Crops ◽  
Egg Density ◽  
Major Pest ◽  
Feeding Effects ◽  
Number Of Stems

Diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) (DBM) is a major pest of forage brassica crops in New Zealand This study evaluated the effects of DBM larval feeding on three forage brassica crops in a greenhouse experiment DBM eggs in batches of 5 10 or 50 were placed on 6weekold potted kale rape and turnip plants Plant growth and development (main stem diameter plant height total number of stems and leaves and dry matter weight of roots and foliage (including stems)) were measured at harvest Additionally the number of pupae recovered was recorded None of the measurements of plant growth was influenced (P>005) by DBM egg density Percentage pupal recovery was consistent between treatments Larger DBM population sizes may have been required to show an effect on plant growth Implications of these results for DBM pest management are discussed

Effects of rhizobacteria on the biology and behavior of Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Robson Thomaz Thuler ◽  
Fernando Henrique Iost Filho ◽  
Hamilton César De Oliveira Charlo ◽  
Sergio Antônio De Bortoli
Keyword(s):  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Insect Behavior ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Pupal Weight ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Plant Feeding ◽  
Kluyvera Ascorbata ◽  
And Behavior

Plant induced resistance is a tool for integrated pest management, aimed at increasing plant defense against stress, which is compatible with other techniques. Rhizobacteria act in the plant through metabolic changes and may have direct effects on plant-feeding insects. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of cabbage plants inoculated with rhizobacteria on the biology and behavior of diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). Cabbage seeds inoculated with 12 rhizobacteria strains were sowed in polystyrene trays and later transplanted into the greenhouse. The cabbage plants with sufficient size to support stress were then infested with diamondback moth caterpillars. Later, healthy leaves suffering injuries were collected and taken to the laboratory to feed P. xylostella second instar caterpillars that were evaluated for larval and pupal viability and duration, pupal weight, and sex ratio. The reduction of leaf area was then calculated as a measure of the amount of larval feeding. Non-preference for feeding and oviposition assays were also performed, by comparing the control treatment and plants inoculated with different rhizobacterial strains. Plants inoculated with the strains EN4 of Kluyvera ascorbata and HPF14 of Bacillus thuringiensis negatively affected the biological characteristics of P. xylostella when such traits were evaluated together, without directly affecting the insect behavior.

Strip-intercropping canola with annual alfalfa improves biological control of Plutella xylostella (L.) and crop yield

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (03) ◽  
pp. 208-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pejman Tajmiri ◽  
Seyed Ali Asghar Fathi ◽  
Ali Golizadeh ◽  
Gadir Nouri-Ganbalani
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Spring Canola ◽  
Percent Parasitism ◽  
Parasitism Rates ◽  
Egg Density

AbstractThe population density of the diamondback moth (DBM),Plutella xylostella(L.), the species diversity of its predators, parasitism on eggs, larvae and pupae, and associated yield of canola were evaluated in experimental plots where spring canola was grown either as a monoculture or strip-intercropped with annual alfalfa in the ratio of 3C:3A, 6C:3A and 9C:3A over a 2-year period. The egg density was significantly higher in monoculture than in intercrops. The highest and lowest densities of larvae and pupae of DBM were recorded in monoculture (2.9–3.2 larvae per plant and 1.14–1.20 pupae per plant) and intercrop 3C:3A (0.7–0.6 larvae per plant and 0.34–0.29 pupae per plant), respectively. Shannon diversity index (H') for species composition of the predators of DBM immature stages was lower in monoculture than in intercrops, and was similar amongst the three intercrops. Moreover, the percent parasitism for eggs, larvae and pupae was higher in intercrops than in monoculture. The dry seed weight loss was higher in monocrop (37.6–40.1%) compared to 3C:3A (7.9–8.6%), 6C:3A (19.5–21.4%) and 9C:3A (21.6–25.4%). Our results indicate that intercropping canola with annual alfalfa, especially in the ratio 3C:3A, can increase the species diversity, parasitism rates of DBM immature stages, and enhance the yield of canola. The implications of these findings, in relation to integrated pest management (IPM) in canola cropping systems, are discussed.

scholarly journals Improving the pheromone lure for diamondback moth

2002 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 182-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.M. Suckling ◽  
A.R. Gibb ◽  
J.M. Daly ◽  
D.J. Rogers ◽  
G.P. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Pheromone Traps ◽  
Brassica Crops ◽  
Set Up

Pheromone traps have potential to assist with integrated pest management of diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus)) Trapping experiments were set up in brassica crops in Canterbury and Auckland to test the potential for improving lures for pheromone traps Catch was improved with higher purity of synthetic lures containing (Z)11hexadecenyl acetate and (Z)11hexadecenal and (Z)11hexadecen1ol (306010) The initial lures tested caught 75 of the number of moths caught in traps baited with virgin females This increased to 2047 using better lures Coupled gas chromatography and electrophysiology confirmed the presence of three active peaks from the chemicals listed above plus a fourth unidentified compound Traps with improved lures were used in a pilot IPM programme in Pukekohe and will assist brassica growers to minimise insecticide usage

scholarly journals Parasitism of diamondback moth Plutella xylostella by the solitary parasitoid wasp Cotesia vestalis in Samoa

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hau’ofa Siasau ◽  
Rashmi Kant
Keyword(s):  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Parasitoid Wasp ◽  
Parasitism Rate ◽  
Cotesia Vestalis ◽  
Light Yellow ◽  
Control Options ◽  
Solitary Parasitoid ◽  
Major Pest

Plutella xylostella is a major pest of crucifier crops in Samoa and other Pacific islands. This pest has developed resistance to most insecticides available in the island nations so the objective of this study was to examine potential biological control options for P. xylostella in Samoa. Existing parasitism of P. xylostella on Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa subspp.) was investigated at a farm in Alesia and at the USP farm in Alafua, and established populations of Cotesia vestalis were found at both locations. Plutella xylostella larvae turn light yellow and show sluggish behaviour after parasitism, and they could be easily differentiated from unparasitised ones. Developing C. vestalis larvae emerge from their hosts and spin white cocoon around their body. After 5–6 days, a single adult emerges from the C. vestalis cocoon. The average parasitism rate between April 2015 and March 2016 was 10–18% but was significantly higher at the USP farm than the Alesia farm. This result could be because no insecticides were applied to the crops at USP. Parasitism was highest between June and August when the lowest average daily temperatures occur.

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