Significant Difference in the Serum Aspartate Aminotransferase Levels Across the Diagnostic Categories of Various Cardiac Diseases

The present experimental study was conducted to investigate whether Momordica charantia (karela) has got any impact on serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) level in the streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Sixty healthy young Long Evans rats of male sex weighing 150 to 280 gm aged between 10 to 12 weeks were used in this study. The rats were divided into 4 equal groups depending on their different sorts of dietary feedings and drug treatment. Serum AST level was estimated in all rats up to day 51 from the day of streptozotocin/ vehicle injection. The mean ± SD of final serum AST level as percentage of corresponding initial level (value on 51st day to the value on 7th day) was 95.1 ± 13.4 u/L in healthy rats, 110.0 ± 7.6 u/L in the untreated diabetic rats, 39.4 ± 10.1 u/L in the insulin-treated diabetic rats and 109.5 ± 23.8 u/L in the karela-treated diabetic rats. The AST percentage change value of diabetic rats on 51st day corresponding to the initial on 7th day was significantly higher than that healthy rats (p < 0.01). The value in the insulin-treated diabetic rats was significantly lower than that of the untreated diabetic rats (p < 0.001) and the karela-treated diabetic rats (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference between the values of the untreated diabetic rats and the karela-treated diabetic rats (p > 0.05). Karela showed a tendency of acting against hyperglycemic effects of streptozotocin induced diabetes mellitus and also acting against high serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) level in streptozotocin induced diabetes mellitus. However, further investigations are recommended for establishing karela as a safe and useful effective anti-hyperglycemic agent as well as an agent acting against the rise in serum AST level in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.Mediscope Vol. 2, No. 1: 2015, Pages 18-21

Download Full-text

Serum Thiamine Values in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients under Maintenance Hemodialysis

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000242 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 85 (5-6) ◽

pp. 348-355 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Masamitsu Ubukata ◽

Nobuyuki Amemiya ◽

Kosaku Nitta ◽

Takashi Takei

Keyword(s):

Thiamine Deficiency ◽

Risk Index ◽

Nutritional Risk ◽

Maintenance Hemodialysis ◽

Dialysis Patients ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Nutritional Risk Index ◽

Serum Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽

Stage Renal Disease ◽

End Stage

Abstract. Objective: Hemodialysis patients are prone to malnutrition because of diet or many uremic complications. The objective of this study is to determine whether thiamine deficiency is associated with regular dialysis patients. Methods: To determine whether thiamine deficiency is associated with regular dialysis patients, we measured thiamine in 100 patients undergoing consecutive dialysis. Results: Average thiamine levels were not low in both pre-hemodialysis (50.1 ± 75.9 ng/mL; normal range 24 - 66 ng/mL) and post-hemodialysis (56.4 ± 61.7 ng/mL). In 18 patients, post-hemodialysis levels of thiamine were lower than pre-hemodialysis levels. We divided the patients into two groups, the decrease (Δthiamine/pre thiamine < 0; - 0.13 ± 0.11) group (n = 18) and the increase (Δthiamine/pre thiamine> 0; 0.32 ± 0.21)) group (n = 82). However, there was no significance between the two groups in Kt/V or type of dialyzer. Patients were dichotomized according to median serum thiamine level in pre-hemodialysis into a high-thiamine group (≥ 35.5 ng/mL) and a low-thiamine group (< 35.4 ng/mL), and clinical characteristics were compared between the two groups. The low-thiamine value group (< 35.4 ng/ml; 26.8 ± 5.3 ng/ml) exhibited lower levels of serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase than the high-thiamine value group (≥ 35.4 ng/ml; 73.5 ± 102.5 ng/ml) although there was no significance in nutritional marker, Alb, geriatric nutritional risk index , protein catabolic rate and creatinine generation rate. Conclusion: In our regular dialysis patients, excluding a few patients, we did not recognize thiamine deficiency and no significant difference in thiamine value between pre and post hemodialysis.

Download Full-text

Corneal Biomechanical Parameters and Central Corneal Thickness in Glaucoma Patients, Glaucoma Suspects, and a Healthy Population

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10122637 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 2637

Author(s):

Mª. Ángeles del Buey-Sayas ◽

Elena Lanchares-Sancho ◽

Pilar Campins-Falcó ◽

María Dolores Pinazo-Durán ◽

Cristina Peris-Martínez

Keyword(s):

Central Corneal Thickness ◽

Corneal Thickness ◽

Mean Difference ◽

The Other ◽

Control Group ◽

Healthy Population ◽

Diagnostic Categories ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Biomechanical Parameters ◽

The Mean

Purpose: To evaluate and compare corneal hysteresis (CH), corneal resistance factor (CRF), and central corneal thickness (CCT), measurements were taken between a healthy population (controls), patients diagnosed with glaucoma (DG), and glaucoma suspect patients due to ocular hypertension (OHT), family history of glaucoma (FHG), or glaucoma-like optic discs (GLD). Additionally, Goldmann-correlated intraocular pressure (IOPg) and corneal-compensated IOP (IOPcc) were compared between the different groups of patients. Methods: In this prospective analytical-observational study, a total of 1065 patients (one eye of each) were recruited to undergo Ocular Response Analyzer (ORA) testing, ultrasound pachymetry, and clinical examination. Corneal biomechanical parameters (CH, CRF), CCT, IOPg, and IOPcc were measured in the control group (n = 574) and the other groups: DG (n = 147), FHG (n = 78), GLD (n = 90), and OHT (n = 176). We performed a variance analysis (ANOVA) for all the dependent variables according to the different diagnostic categories with multiple comparisons to identify the differences between the diagnostic categories, deeming p < 0.05 as statistically significant. Results: The mean CH in the DG group (9.69 mmHg) was significantly lower compared to controls (10.75 mmHg; mean difference 1.05, p < 0.001), FHG (10.70 mmHg; mean difference 1.00, p < 0.05), GLD (10.63 mmHg; mean difference 0.93, p < 0.05) and OHT (10.54 mmHg; mean difference 0.84, p < 0.05). No glaucoma suspects (FHG, GLD, OHT groups) presented significant differences between themselves and the control group (p = 1.00). No statistically significant differences were found in the mean CRF between DG (11.18 mmHg) and the control group (10.75 mmHg; mean difference 0.42, p = 0.40). The FHG and OHT groups showed significantly higher mean CRF values (12.32 and 12.41 mmHg, respectively) than the DG group (11.18 mmHg), with mean differences of 1.13 (p < 0.05) and 1.22 (p < 0.001), respectively. No statistically significant differences were found in CCT in the analysis between DG (562 μ) and the other groups (control = 556 μ, FHG = 576 μ, GLD = 569 μ, OHT = 570 μ). The means of IOPg and IOPcc values were higher in the DG patient and suspect groups than in the control group, with statistically significant differences in all groups (p < 0.001). Conclusion: This study presents corneal biomechanical values (CH, CRF), CCT, IOPg, and IOPcc for diagnosed glaucoma patients, three suspected glaucoma groups, and a healthy population, using the ORA. Mean CH values were markedly lower in the DG group (diagnosed with glaucoma damage) compared to the other groups. No significant difference was found in CCT between the DG and control groups. Unexpectedly, CRF showed higher values in all groups than in the control group, but the difference was only statistically significant in the suspect groups (FHG, GLD, and OHT), not in the DG group.

Download Full-text

Serum Aspartate Aminotransferase Level and Previous Histopathological Findings Enable Reduction of Protocol Liver Biopsies after Liver Transplantation for Hepatitis C

Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology ◽

10.1155/2013/904636 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. 131-136 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tomohiro Tanaka ◽

George Therapondos ◽

Nazia Selzner ◽

Eberhard L Renner ◽

Leslie B Lilly

Keyword(s):

Liver Transplantation ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Antiviral Therapy ◽

Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽

Aminotransferase Level ◽

Fibrosis Stage ◽

Protocol Biopsy ◽

Serum Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽

Histological Activity ◽

Liver Biopsies

BACKGROUND: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection remains the leading indication for liver transplantation (LT) worldwide. Recurrent hepatitis C following LT is universal, and significant fibrosis (SF, Metavir fibrosis stage ≥2) apparent on protocol biopsy typically prompts antiviral therapy.OBJECTIVE: To determine the optimal timing of protocol liver biopsies in this setting.METHODS: A total of 151 patients who underwent LT related to HCV infection between July 2004 and December 2009 were analyzed retrospectively. Data regarding protocol liver biopsies at six, 12 and 24 months post-LT, conventional laboratory parameters and demographic information were obtained.RESULTS: The 151 patients included in the present study had significantly lower serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels than the four patients who progressed to receive antiviral treatment for SF before six months post-LT (P<0.001). AST level, but not alanine aminotransferase level, histological activity or fibrosis stage at the six-month biopsy was independently associated with the progression to SF at 12 months (P<0.05). However, AST level, histological activity and fibrosis stage at the 12-month biopsy emerged as independent parameters associated with progression to SF at 24 months (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: The protocol liver biopsy at six months could be eliminated, especially in patients who consistently exhibit low AST levels. Histological activity, the presence or absence of fibrosis, and AST values at the 12-month biopsy may lead to the decision to defer the protocol biopsy at 24 months or result in earlier introduction of antiviral therapy.

Download Full-text

Serum Aspartate Aminotransferase to Alanine Aminotransferase Ratio in Human and Experimental Alcoholic Liver Disease: Relationship to Histologic Changes

Enzyme ◽

10.1159/000469062 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 41 (2) ◽

pp. 112-115 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

A. A. (a) Nanji ◽

S. W. (a) French ◽

C. L (b) Mendenhall

Keyword(s):

Liver Disease ◽

Alcoholic Liver Disease ◽

Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽

Alanine Aminotransferase ◽

Serum Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽

Histologic Changes

Download Full-text

Effect of Various Diluents on the Activity of Several Enzymes Present in Serum

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1093/clinchem/19.9.1079 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 19 (9) ◽

pp. 1079-1080

Author(s):

Ted W Fendley ◽

Jane M Hochholzer ◽

Christopher S Frings

Keyword(s):

Alkaline Phosphatase ◽

Creatine Kinase ◽

Enzyme Activity ◽

Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽

Confidence Level ◽

Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽

Nacl Solution ◽

Manual Method ◽

Accuracy And Precision ◽

Significant Difference

Abstract We have evaluated the effect of diluting serum with water or NaCl solution (8.5 or 9.0 g/liter) before assaying by a manual method for creatine kinase (EC 2.7.3.2), alkaline phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.1), lactate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.27), and aspartate aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.1) activity. The t test and the F test show no significant difference in the accuracy and precision of the assays at the 95% confidence level when 100 different samples were compared for each enzyme activity after use of the three diluents.

Download Full-text

High Prevalence of Hepatitis G Virus in Bone Marrow Transplant Recipients and Patients Treated for Acute Leukemia

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v89.10.3853 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 89 (10) ◽

pp. 3853-3856 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Susan J. Skidmore ◽

Kathryn E. Collingham ◽

Paul Harrison ◽

Jeffrey R. Neilson ◽

Deenan Pillay ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Marrow Transplant ◽

Hepatitis G Virus ◽

Treatment Type ◽

Significant Difference ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Blood Donor Screening ◽

Serum Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽

Hepatitis G ◽

Hepatitis C Virus Antibody

Abstract Hepatitis G virus (HGV) is a newly described virus that has been implicated in transfusion-associated hepatitis. The prevalence of HGV in a group of multitransfused patients with hematological malignancy was studied using a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction technique. Transfusion histories and serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels were recorded. HGV was detected in 29 of 60 (48%) patients. There was no difference in HGV positivity rates between those with normal AST levels and those with raised AST levels. Analysis of patients by treatment type showed that 20 of 33 (61%) patients who received a bone marrow transplantation procedure were HGV positive compared with 9 of 27 (33%) treated with conventional combination chemotherapy (P = .036) despite similar transfusion histories. There was no significant difference in HGV positivity between patients treated before the introduction of United Kingdom blood donor screening for hepatitis C virus antibody:18 of 39 (46%) and those treated after the introduction of screening 11 of 21 (52%). HGV infection appears to be extremely common in these patients; however, the clinical significance of these findings with respect to liver dysfunction is not yet clear.

Download Full-text

Evaluation of the IFCC-recommended procedure for serum aspartate aminotransferase as modified for use with the centrifugal analyzer.

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1093/clinchem/27.1.156 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 156-159 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

D E Bruns ◽

J Savory ◽

A C Titheradge ◽

R E Cross ◽

M R Wills

Keyword(s):

Cardiac Disease ◽

Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽

Present Method ◽

Pyridoxal Phosphate ◽

Extensive Evaluation ◽

Serum Aspartate Aminotransferase

Abstract The IFCC-recommended procedure for aspartate aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.1) was adapted to the centrifugal analyzer and evaluated during five years. The main hindrance to widespread use of the recommended method is the need for pre-incubation with pyridoxal phosphate. The present method includes a 10-min pre-incubation with pyridoxal phosphate. Extensive evaluation of the method with and without this pre-incubation confirms earlier reports that it eliminates some significant errors, especially for samples from patients with cardiac disease. However, the pre-incubation can be briefer than the recommended 10 min and still provide acceptable results.

Download Full-text

Preincubation of serum aspartate aminotransferase with pyridoxal 5'-phosphate in the SMAC: comparison with revised DuPont aca method and recommended IFCC method.

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1093/clinchem/27.4.614 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 27 (4) ◽

pp. 614-619 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

C C Garber ◽

D H Feldbruegge ◽

M Hoessel

Keyword(s):

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Clinical Data ◽

Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽

Continuous Flow ◽

Similar Data ◽

Serum Enzyme ◽

Sodium Pyruvate ◽

Modified Method ◽

Serum Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽

Endogenous Lipids

Abstract The method for continuous-flow assay of aspartate aminotransferase with the Technicon SMAC was modified to include preincubation of the serum enzyme with pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, to be consistent with the recommendations of IFCC and the Standards Committee of AACC. Preliminary estimates of the imprecision of the modified method on SMAC gave day-to-day standard deviations of 5.3 U/L at mean of 48 U/L (n = 66) and 6.2 U/L at 155 U/L (n = 61). Added bilirubin, sodium pyruvate, ascorbic acid, and endogenous lipids did not interfere. Comparison of results for 50 samples by this method with those by the manual IFCC method gave y = 1.1113x - 0.3 U/L, Sy/x = 4.4 U/L, and r = 0.997. Similar data are presented for the revised AST method for the DuPont aca discrete analyzer. Clinical data show that AST activities increase by as much as 200% when the serum is preincubated with pyridoxal 5'-phosphate.

Download Full-text