scholarly journals CONTAMINATION OF THE LITTER OF BROILER CHICKENS WITH EIMERIA OOCYSTS DURING THE TECHNOLOGICAL CYCLE OF CULTIVATION

2019 ◽  
pp. 541-548
Author(s):  
Safiullin ◽  
Kachanova ◽  
Bondarenko ◽  
Novikov
Keyword(s):  
Exposure Time ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Breeding Cycle ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Technological Cycle ◽  
Poultry Houses ◽  
Complex Drug

For disinvasion of poultry houses on this site against the exogenous stages of eimeria, a new complex drug “Delegol Pro” was used to prepare poultry houses for occupancy. The drug toltrazuril was prescribed to 2.5% of the chickens aged 8–9 days against the endogenous developmental stages of eimeria. Studies conducted after 1, 2, 3, 4 weeks after planting chickens and before slaughter, showed contamination of the litter with eimeria oocysts. The average number of oocysts in 1 g of litter during different periods of research was 3.32; 14.4; 8.6; 7.9 and 3.7 thousands, respectively. Our data show that the release of oocysts begins to decrease gradually 2 weeks after the application of toltrazuril. The low level of oocysts in the litter at the end of the broiler breeding cycle (3.7 thousands) indicates that chickens are well immune to coccidiosis. Contamination of the litter of broiler chickens with invasive elements during outdoor maintenance of the poultry houses during the technological cycle of cultivation after disinfestation and when prescribing coccidiostatics was established from July to September 2017 in the conditions of the “White Bird” Poultry Factory by taking and examining the litter samples at different times of growing broilers. To disinfect all 34 poultry houses at this site against the exogenous stages of ameri, a new complex drug “Delegol Pro” was used in a dose of 0.5 l / m2 at an exposure time of 2 hours when preparing poultry houses for settlement.

Introduced predators and cavity-nesting seabirds: unexpected low level of interaction at breeding sites

2008 ◽  
Vol 86 (9) ◽  
pp. 1068-1073 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Ruffino ◽  
K. Bourgeois ◽  
E. Vidal ◽  
J. Icard ◽  
F. Torre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Breeding Cycle ◽  
Mediterranean Islands ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Black Rat ◽  
Cavity Nesting ◽  
Introduced Predators ◽  
Puffinus Yelkouan ◽  
First Time

The mechanisms by which introduced predators and long-lived seabirds interact and even coexist are still poorly known. Here, the interactions between the widely introduced black rat ( Rattus rattus (L., 1758)) and an endemic Mediterranean cavity-nesting seabird, the yelkouan shearwater ( Puffinus yelkouan (Acerbi, 1827)), were for the first time investigated for a set of 60 suitable breeding cavities throughout the entire breeding cycle of this seabird. Our results pointed out that rat visits to cavities were significantly higher when shearwaters had left the colony for their interbreeding exodus. Among the set of suitable breeding cavities, yelkouan shearwaters preferentially selected the deepest and the most winding cavities for breeding. Very few rat visits were recorded at the shearwater-occupied cavities and no predation event was recorded. These intriguing results reveal a low level of interaction between introduced black rats and yelkouan shearwaters, which may have facilitated their long-term coexistence for thousands of years on some Mediterranean islands.

Re-evaluation of the life cycle of Eimeria maxima Tyzzer, 1929 in chickens (Gallus domesticus)

Parasitology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 145 (8) ◽  
pp. 1051-1058 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Dubey ◽  
M. C. Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Parasitophorous Vacuole ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
Residual Body ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Eimeria Maxima ◽  
Time Course Study

AbstractA time-course study was conducted to resolve discrepancies in the literature and better define aspects of the Eimeria maxima life cycle such, as sites of development and both morphology and number of asexual stages. Broiler chickens were inoculated orally with five million E. maxima oocysts (APU1), and were necropsied at regular intervals from 12 to 120 h p.i. Small intestine tissue sections and smears were examined for developmental stages. The jejunum contained the highest numbers of developmental stages. At 12 h p.i., sporozoites were observed inside a parasitophorous vacuole (PV) in the epithelial villi and the lamina propria. By 24 h, sporozoites enclosed by a PV were observed in enterocytes of the glands of Lieberkühn. At 48 h p.i., sporozoites, elongated immature and mature schizonts, were all seen in the glands with merozoites budding off from a residual body. By 60 h, second-generation, sausage-shaped schizonts containing up to 12 merozoites were observed around a residual body in the villar tip of invaded enterocytes. At 72 and 96 h, profuse schizogony associated with third- and fourth-generation schizonts was observed throughout the villus. At 120 h, another generation (fifth) of schizonts were seen in villar tips as well as in subepithelium where gamonts and oocysts were also present; a few gamonts were in epithelium. Our finding of maximum parasitization of E. maxima in jejunum is important because this region is critical for nutrient absorption and weight gain.

Unique cultural methods used to detect viable cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in environmental samples

1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 363-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. Slifko ◽  
D. E. Friedman ◽  
J. B. Rose ◽  
S. J. Upton ◽  
W. Jakubowski
Keyword(s):  
Cryptosporidium Parvum ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Cultural Methods ◽  
Severe Gastroenteritis ◽  
Cell Culture Methods

Cryptosporidium parvum is an infectious enteric protozoan parasite that causes waterborne disease, severe gastroenteritis and is associated with high mortality in immunocompromised individuals. Detection of oocysts in water is very difficult and current methodologies do not determine viability. This project has focused on low level detection of Cryptosporidium parvum in environmental samples using a unique cultural method. Previously, cell culture methods have been used to assess the developmental stages of Cryptosporidium; however, no cultural methods have been employed with environmental samples. The percentage of viable oocysts can be estimated by detecting intracellular developmental stages of the parasite using fluorescently labelled antibodies. Other methods are not capable of low level detection or high sensitivity. We are evaluating detection of single foci of infection, indicating that one of the four sporozoites released from the viable oocyst has infected a single cell.

scholarly journals Air Velocity and Exposure Time to Ventilation Affect Body Surface and Rectal Temperature of Broiler Chickens

2000 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.L. Furlan ◽  
M. Macari ◽  
E.R. Secato ◽  
J.R. Guerreiro ◽  
E.B. Malheiros
Keyword(s):  
Exposure Time ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Air Velocity

Immunisation of young broiler chickens with low level infections ofEimeria tenella, E. acer vulinaorE. maxima1

1986 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.L. Long ◽  
Joyce Johnson ◽  
M.E. McKenzie ◽  
Evelyn Perry ◽  
M.ST.J. Crane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Low Level

The gametogenic cycle of Scrobicularia plana (Mollusca: Bivalvia) in Mweeloon Bay (Galway, west coast of Ireland)

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
pp. 1157-1162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Raleigh ◽  
Brendan F. Keegan
Keyword(s):  
West Coast ◽  
Shell Length ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Gonad Development ◽  
Breeding Cycle ◽  
Gametogenic Cycle ◽  
Broad Agreement ◽  
Northern Latitudes ◽  
Scrobicularia Plana ◽  
Male Sex

The gametogenic cycle of Scrobicularia plana was studied in Mweeloon Bay (Galway, west coast of Ireland) over the periods of February to September 1996 and January to September 1997. Quantitative (reproductive indices and oocytes size) and qualitative (gonad developmental stages) analysis identified a broad annual breeding cycle, with one protracted spawning event occurring from May until September. Early gonad development had begun by January/February. Spawning animals were first recorded at the end of May and continued to mature throughout the summer. The decrease in temperature in September coincided with the end of the spawning season and gonad regression. Although the species is predominantly dioecious, one case of hermaphrodism was recorded. A female to male sex ratio of 1.1:1 was registered. Sexual maturity occurred at a shell length greater than 20 mm; the smallest individual undergoing sexual development had a shell length of 22.4 mm. The timing of the reproductive cycle in S. plana at Mweeloon Bay is in broad agreement with previous findings on the species carried out in northern latitudes.

scholarly journals Effects of Low Level Chronic Aflatoxicosis in Broiler Chickens

1983 ◽  
Vol 62 (10) ◽  
pp. 1971-1977 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.A. DOERR ◽  
W.E. HUFF ◽  
C.J. WABECK ◽  
G.W. CHALOUPKA ◽  
J.D. MAY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Low Level
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