LOW-TEMPERATURE ION-PLASMA DEPOSITION TECHNOLOGY OF NANOSTRUCTURED FILMS OF ALUMINUM AND BORON NITRIDES

A low-temperature (substrate heating temperature up to 400 °C) ion-plasma technology for the formation of nanostructured AlN and BN films by the method of high-frequency reactive magnetron sputtering of the corresponding targets has been developed (the modernized installation "Cathode-1M"), which has in its technological cycle the means of physical and chemical modification, which allow to purposefully control the phase composition, surface morphology, size and texture of nanocrystalline films. The possibility of using the method of high-frequency magnetron sputtering for deposition of transparent hexagonal BN films in the nanoscale state on quartz and silicon substrates is shown. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) has shown that AlN films can have an amorphous or polycrystalline surface with grain sizes of approximately 20-100 nm, with the height of the nanoparticles varying from 3 to 10 nm and the degree of surface roughness from 1 to 10 nm. It was found that the dielectric penetration of polycrystalline AlN films decreases from 10 to 3.5 at increased frequencies from 25 Hz to 1 MHz, and the peak tangent of the dielectric loss angle reaches 0.2 at 10 kHz. Such features indicate the existence of spontaneous polarization of dipoles in the obtained AlN films. Interest in dielectric properties in AlN / Si structures it is also due to the fact that there are point defects, such as nitrogen vacancies and silicon atoms, which diffuse from the silicon substrate during synthesis and play an important role in the dielectric properties of AlN during the formation of dipoles. The technology makes it possible, in a single technological cycle, to produce multilayer structures modified for specific functional tasks with specified characteristics necessary for the manufacture of modern electronics, optoelectronics and sensorics devices. It should also be noted that the technology of magnetron sputtering (installation "Cathode-1M") is highly productive, energetically efficient and environmentally friendly in comparison with other known technologies for creating semiconductor structures and allows them to be obtained with minimal changes in the technological cycle.

Development of epitaxial PbS layers obtaining method for photoelectric transducers

Photoelectric transducers are a semiconductor device that converts photonic energy into electrical energy. This paper describes obtained by the hotwall epitaxy method epitaxial PbS layers technology. Materials, methods, technological parameters of synthesis were selected and substantiated. A theoretical model of the p-n transition has been developed. The calculation of the main parameters has been done. The hotwall epitaxy method was chosen for the synthesis, because it allows to obtain layers with required properties in a single technological cycle with an economical consumption of material. BaF2 was chosen as the substrate, because in this case a smaller difference in the identity periods and the layer and the substrate thermal expansion coefficients is achieved.

Control of the mode composition of optical radiation in a microstructured fiber

The construction structure of microstructured fibers is considered. A research scheme of the mode composition and defects control in optical fibers is developed. A microstructured fiber for studying optical vortex fields has been developed and manufactured. The results of studies of the same fiber structure and the distribution of optical radiation depending on the parameters of the technological cycle of its production are presented.

Obtaining thin metal films and their compounds using magnetron sputtering and arc evaporation in a single technological cycle

The authors of the article consider the possibility of obtaining thin films using magnetron sputtering and arc evaporation. The prospects of combining these methods in a single processing unit for obtaining films with high performance characteristics have been shown.

State and development prospects of the packaging market

The article examines the state of the packaging market in the world and in Russia. The structure of the assortment of the produced packaging is revealed; the requirements for packaging at different stages of the technological cycle are established. A comparative characteristic of the environmental friendliness of different types of packaging has been carried out. The promising directions for improving packaging and developing its market are demonstrated.

A LOOK INTO CIRCULAR ECONOMY RESEARCH: EXPLORING THE BIO AND TECHNO CYCLES AND THE NEED FOR DUAL CIRCULARITY

This study undertakes a systematic analysis of literature within Circular Economy (CE) in an industrial perspective, with a focus on understanding the consideration of the biological and technological cycles, as well as dual circularity. The paper articulates the key research differences, gaps and trends on the basis of publication evolution, key subject areas, influential journals and keywords co-occurrence mapping. The analysis shows the increasing publication trend with dominance of technological cycle and a wide variety of subject areas incorporated in CE biological, technological and dual cycles. Due to the multidisciplinary and transversal nature of CE, as well as its diverse interpretation and applications, an expansion and consolidation of the subject areas and journals are expected in the years to come. Analysis of co-occurrence on the authors' keywords underlined a limited focus of a business perspective research within the biological cycle, heterogeneous and proactive technological cycle but fragmented research on dual circularity. Further analysis of synergies and limitations is necessary to enhance business effectiveness towards enhanced sustainability.

Socially significant activity: algorithmic provision of its quality assessment

Any type of activity acquires social significance if it meets the requirements imposed on it. The main condition for the origin (emergence) of socially significant activity should be considered the high demand for the results of this type of professional work. The demand, especially the higher, is a complex indicator that includes not only frequency quantitative statistical characteristics (for example, the frequency of applying to any type of socially significant activity, namely to its specialists for the results of this activity that affect the processes of life activity of both an individual and society as a whole), but also characteristics that determine the quality of procedures performed at each step of the "algorithm" (technological cycle) of a specific, significant type of activity, and hence the results of its implementation. Strict compliance with the technological cycle within the framework of various socially significant professional branches of production can be considered as a guarantee of the quality of the results obtained in them, as a guarantee that consumers of products and services (the population of the state) will form a stable positive attitude to this type of activity. In the proposed article, based on many years of research, the author proposes and considers two components of an integrated approach to assessing the quality of socially significant activities – an algorithm for selecting experts to assess the quality of socially significant activities and the actual algorithm for evaluating the quality of this activity. Each of the proposed algorithms has both general steps for performing actions and individual ones, which ensure its novelty and differences from existing similar algorithmic schemes. Fuzzy logic was chosen as a mathematical tool for the implementation of these algorithms.