scholarly journals Understory vegetation in natural and plantation forest ecosystem of Sarguja (C.G.), India

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 668-673
Author(s):  
M. K. Jhariya ◽  
D. K. Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Forest Ecosystem ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Understory Vegetation ◽  
Natural Forest ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Plantation Forest ◽  
Teak Plantation ◽  
Forest Division ◽  
And Function

Understory vegetation serves a special role in maintaining the structure and function of forest ecosystem as they strongly influence regeneration, seedling establishment, growth, nutrient cycling and thus the dynamics of the whole forest ecosystem. The present investigation is aimed to study the composition, structure and diversity of understory vegetation in natural forests and teak plantation of Sarguja forest division of Chhattisgarh. A total of 23 species comprising 5 shrubs and 18 herbs were recorded in natural forest while in teak plantation 3 shrub and 20 herb species were found. In natural forest a total of 4500 shrubs/ha and 8,32,000 herbs/ha were recorded while in plantation site it was 5500 shrubs/ha and 6,96,000 herbs/ha, respectively. In shrub layer the value of species diversity was 1.10 for teak plantation and 2.20 for natural forest. Simpson index was 0.23 for natural forest and 0.57 for teak plantation. The Margalef’s index of richness varied from 0.23-0.48, least in plantation site and peak in natural forest, Equitability index varied from 1.00 to 1.37, lowest in plantation site and higher in plantation site and β diversity was 1.20 in natural forest and 2.00 in plantation site. In case of herb layer the value of Shannon index, species richness and equitability values were higher in teak plantation while the Simpsons index and beta diversity were found more in natural forest.

scholarly journals Influence of Land-Use Type on Forest Bird Community Composition in Mount Kenya Forest

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel N. Mahiga ◽  
Paul Webala ◽  
Mugo J. Mware ◽  
Paul K. Ndang’ang’a
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Bird Community ◽  
Natural Forest ◽  
Forest Biodiversity ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Plantation Forest ◽  
Point Counts ◽  
Plantation Forests ◽  
Relative Species Richness

Few studies have explored how human land uses influence and support persistence of forest biodiversity in central Kenya. In the case of the Mount Kenya ecosystem, farmlands and plantation forests are significant land-use types. Using point counts, we assessed bird communities in natural forests, plantation forests, and farmlands in the Nanyuki Forest Block, Western Mount Kenya. Bird point counts were undertaken during two sampling periods (wet and dry season). Compared to farmlands and plantation forest, natural forest had the highest overall avian species richness and relative species richness of all except one forest-dependent foraging guild (granivores) and nonforest species, which occurred frequently only on farmlands. Plantation forest had the lowest relative richness of all avian habitat and foraging guilds. Conversely, specialist forest-dependent species mainly occurred in the structurally complex remnant natural forest. Our study underscores the importance of remnant natural forests for the persistence and conservation of forest biodiversity and risks posed by replacing them with plantation forests and farmlands.

scholarly journals Modes de gestion et efficacité de conservation des reliques de forêts naturelles en zone tropicale sèche : cas du Département de Korhogo (Nord, Côte d’Ivoire)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3332-3346
Author(s):  
Nina Gueulou ◽  
Brahima Coulibaly ◽  
Noufou Doudjo Ouattara ◽  
Anatole Kanga N'guessan ◽  
Assandé Ahoba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cote D'ivoire ◽  
Côte D’Ivoire ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Natural Forest ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Tropical Zone ◽  
Cote D’Ivoire ◽  
Zone Management ◽  
Côte D'ivoire

L’étude a été réalisée dans trois îlots de forêts naturelles caractérisées par trois différents modes de gestion dans les zones sèches de Côte d’Ivoire. Son objectif est d’évaluer la composition et la diversité floristique de ces reliques forestières afin de promouvoir le meilleur mode de gestion pour la conservation de ces forêts. L’échantillonnage de la végétation a été conduit dans les îlots forestiers de Lataha, de Dolékaha et de Korhogo. La collecte des données a été réalisée à l’aide de la méthode de relevé de surface complétée par des inventaires itinérants. Tous les individus de diamètre à hauteur de poitrine (dbh) ≥ 5 cm ont été mesurés dans des placettes carrées de 25 m de côté. Les résultats révèlent une plus forte richesse spécifique sur le site de Lataha (19,25 ± 4,55) et de Korhogo (17,72 ± 3,28). Les valeurs des indices de Shannon indiquent que la forêt de Korhogo est la plus diversifiée (2,47±0,28). Pour l’indice d’équitabilité de Piélou, la valeur la plus importante est similaire pour les sites de Korhogo et de Dolékaha (0,84± 0,05). Le site de Korhogo regorge encore la plus forte présence des espèces à valeur de conservation. La forêt de Korhogo qui bénéficie d’une cogestion comporte la meilleure composition et diversité floristique. De ce fait, des aménagements forestiers doivent de plus en plus associer les populations riveraines pour une gestion participative. Nos résultats peuvent être utiles pour élaborer des stratégies de conservation efficace des reliques forestières de toutes les zones phytogéographiques du pays et même ailleurs dans le monde.Mots clés: Forêts naturelles, zone sèche, modes de gestion, efficacité de conservation, Korhogo, Côte d’Ivoire. English Title: Management and effectiveness of conservation of natural forest relics in dry tropical zone: case of the Department of Korhogo (North, Côte d’Ivoire)This study was conducted in three types of natural forest distinguished by three different management methods in dry areas of Côte d'Ivoire. Its aims at assessing the floristic and diversity composition of these forest relics in order to promote the best mode of management for the conservation of these forests. Botanical sampling was conducted in the forest relics of Lataha, Dolékaha and Korhogo. Data collection was performed using surface survey method followed by the itinerant inventories. All individuals at a breast height diameter (dbh) ≥ 5 cm were measured in 25 m square plots. The results reveal a higher species richness at the Lataha (19.25 ± 4.55) and Korhogo (17.72 ± 3.28) site. Shannon index values indicate that the Korhogo forest is the most diversified (2.47 ± 0.28). For Piélou's index, the highest value is similar for the Korhogo and Dolékaha sites (0.84 ± 0.05). The Korhogo site still has the highest presence of species with conservation value. This study showed that the Korhogo forest, which benefits from co-management, has the best floristic and diversity composition. As a result, natural forest developments must increasingly involve local populations for participative management. Our results can be useful in developing strategies for the effective conservation of forest relics in all phytogeographic zones of Côte d’Ivoire and globally.Keywords: Natural forests, dry zone, management methods, effectiveness of conservation, Korhogo, Côted’Ivoire.

scholarly journals Diversity and abundance of insects at industrial plantation forest and natural forest ecosystems in Siak, Riau Province

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-32
Author(s):  
Asril Asril ◽  
Yossa Istiadi ◽  
Budi Tjahyono
Keyword(s):  
Forest Ecosystem ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Natural Forest ◽  
Line Transect ◽  
Fluorescent Light ◽  
Plantation Forest ◽  
Species Diversity Index ◽  
Industrial Plantation

The objective of research is to find out the differences and similarities of insect diversity, abundance and composition between in industrial plantation forest (HTI) and natural forest (Arboretum) ecosystems. Field research was carried out in the Rasau Kuning area, Perawang  Barat Regency,  Riau Province, while specimens identification conducted at LIPI Biology Research Center Laboratory in February - March 2019. Line transect sampling technique and fluorescent light traps were used as methods for collecting insects from both two different ecosystems with three replications. The results found five order of insects i.e. Lepidoptera, Hemiptera, Coleoptera, Orthoptera, and Hymenoptera which consisting of  35 species in plantation forest ecosystem, and 26 species in natural forest ecosystem where both ecosystems dominated by Lepidoptera. Statistical analysis of research results show that two average insects species diversity index within both plantation forest (HTI) and natural forest (Arboretum) ecosystems is not different (t = 1,419; p0,05). The similarity index found very similar (23,56%) between both ecosystems. Predatory insects which was found in this study is Sycanus sp. (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) from the order of Lepidoptera.Penelitian ini bertujuan  untuk mengungkapkan perbedaan dan kesamaan keanekaragaman  jenis, kelimpahan, dan komposisi jenis serangga antara di ekosistem hutan tanaman industry (HTI) dengan ekosistem hutan alam (Arboretum). Penelitian lapang dilakukan di areal Rasau Kuning,  Kabupaten  Perawang  Barat, Provinsi Riau, sementara identifikasi specimen dilakukan di Laboratorium Pusat Penelitian Biologi LIPI, pada  bulan Pebruari  -  Maret  2019. Metode sampling  line transect  dan perangkap  cahaya  berflouresen digunakan untuk menangkap serangga di kedua ekosistem tersebut melalui 3 kali ulangan. Hasil studi menemukan 5 ordo serangga yaitu  Lepidoptera, Hemiptera, Coleoptera, Orthoptera, and Hymenoptera, dengan masing-masing  25 spesies terdapat di ekosistem hutan tanaman (HTI) dan 26 spesies di ekostem alam (Arboretum), yang mana keduanya didominasi ordo Lepidoptera. Melalui analisis statistik, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada kedua ekosistem tidak terlihat adanya perbedaan indeks keanekaragaman jenis (t =1,419; p0,05). Begitu juga dengan indeks kesamaan menunjukan tingkat yang sangat sama (23,56%) antara kedua ekosistem tersebut. Pada kajian ini juga ditemukan spesies serangga predator yaitu Sycanus sp. ((Hemiptera; Reduviidae) dari ordo Lepidoptera.

Assessment of Biomass and Carbon Stock of planted teak forest in Terai region of Kumaun Himalaya, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-402
Author(s):  
Tanuja Gahlot ◽  
◽  
Prachi Joshi ◽  
Y.S. Rawat ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Human Disturbance ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Teak Plantation ◽  
Forest Division

The ability of forests in atmospheric carbon sequestration is increasingly gaining attention. Present study deals with the estimation of biomass and carbon stock of the teak plantation in the terai central forest division in Kumaun, Uttarakhand State of India. Very few scientific studies were done regarding the teak plantation and the estimation of its biomass in Kumaun. Therefore this study was carried out in this region to assess the role played by teak plantation in climate change. The information regarding the changes in pattern of carbon storage is vital and important because it can be used by government and policymakers to predict the deposit pattern for changing climate. Three sites i.e., Kamola block (Site I), Kamola beat (Site II) and East Gadappu beat (Site III) were selected for the study. Large scale variations in biomass and carbon stock were noted among all three sites. Site III (East Gadappu) showed the maximum biomass and carbon stock (297.03 tha-1 and 143.18 tha-1) followed by site I (Kamola block) (241.9 tha -1and 117.27 t ha-1) and site II ( Kamola beat ) (175.76 t ha-1and 85.79 t ha-1). Although stand density and total basal area of the forest showed almost similar value on all three sites, still the differences in biomass and carbon stock at all sites indicated the positive contribution of biodiversity as shown in the results and negative implications of human disturbance to the forest.

New Approach for Researching Forest Ecosystem

2012 ◽  
Vol 472-475 ◽  
pp. 3384-3389
Author(s):  
Zai Qiang Huo ◽  
Xue Qun Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Forest Ecosystem ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Edge Of Chaos ◽  
And Function ◽  
Research Frontiers

It is valuable to be researched in the application of science of complexity to the forest ecosystem. Forest ecosystem is an adaptive complex system which is suggested to be at the edge of chaos or at the criticality. The inner interaction of a forest ecosystem is the main driving force for the self-organization, complexity and order in the forest ecosystem. Forest ecosystem complexity is one of the research frontiers of ecological and evolutionary problems presently. The application of science of complexity to the forest ecosystem complexity studies, its concept, background, methodology and theory are briefly introduced. The forest ecosystem complexity is defined as the structure and function diversity, self-organization and the order of an ecosystem. Its main methods include the cellular automaton, genetic algorithm, game theory, complex network, etc. This paper has discussed mechanism and development of forest ecosystem complexity, by applying the principle and methods of science of complexity, which is a new approach for understanding ecological and evolutionary problems.

scholarly journals Opportunity cost of natural forest management in the Arenal-Huetar Norte Conservation Area, Costa Rica

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Zúñiga-Méndez ◽  
Victor Meza-Picado ◽  
Sebastian Ugalde-Alfaro ◽  
Jhonny Méndez-Gamboa
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Forest Management ◽  
Opportunity Cost ◽  
Natural Forest ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Landscape Matrix ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Productive Activities ◽  
Natural Forest Management

Abstract Background: Part of the success of forest conservation programs is due to the economic sustainability they can provide to owners of forest resources, and how these management mechanisms can be used within an increasingly aggressive productive landscape matrix. However, there are currently no precise or up-to-date data on the economic relationships between land uses and their respective productive activities. This study designed a model to evaluate the opportunity cost of natural forest management, taking as a reference the primary productive activities that take place within the Arenal-Huetar Norte Conservation Area, in Costa Rica. Methods: Profitability data from 24 sites in natural forests with a forest management plan approved by the State Forest Administration was used, as well as geographic and productive information on alternative land uses. Results: Based on these data, an opportunity cost map was generated which shows a marked segregation of the forests into two main areas: a) a high-opportunity cost area, located south of the study area; and b) a medium-low opportunity cost area, to the center-north of the study area. Conclusions: It is concluded that ideal areas for timber harvesting are currently restricted to places far from the market, and with low opportunity costs (ranging between ≤ $0 ha -1 year -1 and $500 ha -1 year -1 ).

scholarly journals Community Structure of Dragonfly (Ordo: Odonata) in Natural Forest and Tourist Sites Petungkriyono Forest, Central Java, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 67328
Author(s):  
Nur Apriatun Nafisah ◽  
R.C.Hidayat Soesilohadi
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Tropical Rainforest ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Natural Forest ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Wiener Diversity Index ◽  
Index Value ◽  
Total Species

Petungkriyono forest is a tropical rainforest with high biodiversity. The increasing tourism activities in Petungkriyono lead to land conversion. Dragonfly (order Odonata) is a good bioindicator for aquatic and terrestrial. This study aimed to compare the community structure of Odonata in natural forests and tourist sites. The method of collecting imago Odonata was done by direct searching, samples were captured using sweep netting. The results showed that the dragonflies found in all locations consisted of the same family, 2 families (Gomphidae and Libellulidae) from the suborder Anisoptera and 6 families (Calopterygidae, Chlorocyphidae, Coenagrionidae, Euphaidae Platycnemididae, and Platystictidae) from the suborder Zygoptera. The total species of dragonflies found in Sokokembang were 15 species with a total of 293 individuals, Tirta Muncar 13 species of 287 individuals, Karanggondang 17 species of 276 individuals, and Curug Lawe 14 species of 242 individuals. The highest relative abundance of individuals was in the natural forest of Sokokembang is Drepanosticta spatulifera (26.28%) and in Karanggondang Vestalis luctuosa (24.64%), while in the tourist forests of Tirta Muncar and Curug Lawe were Euphaea variegata (34.84% and 28.51 %). The structure of the Odonata community is based on the Shannon-Wiener diversity index in the natural forests of Sokokembang (2.18) and Karanggondang (2.21) at the tourist sites of Tirta Muncar (1.84) and Curug Lawe (2.11). The results showed that the structure of the Odonata community based on the level of the diversity index value, evenness index, and dominance index in natural forests and tourist sites in Petungkriyono forest was not significantly different. 

scholarly journals Effects of land cover type on carabid beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) of the Canterbury foothills, New Zealand

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa A. Berndt ◽  
Eckehard G. Brockerhoff
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Natural Forest ◽  
Carabid Beetle ◽  
Carabid Beetles ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Pine Plantation ◽  
Plantation Forest ◽  
Beetle Assemblages

Background: Land cover changes during the recent history of New Zealand have had a major impact on its largely endemic and iconic biodiversity. As in many other countries, large areas of native forest have been replaced by other land cover and are now in exotic pasture grassland or plantation forest. Ground beetles (Carabidae) are often used as ecological indicators, they provide ecosystem services such as pest control, and some species are endangered. However, few studies in New Zealand have assessed the habitat value for carabid beetles of natural forest, managed regenerating natural forest, pine plantation forest and pasture. Methods: We compared the carabid beetle assemblages of natural forest of Nothofagus solandri var solandri (also known as Fuscospora solandri or black beech), regenerating N. solandri forest managed for timber production, exotic pine plantation forest and exotic pasture, using pitfall traps. The study was conducted at Woodside Forest in the foothills of the Southern Alps, North Canterbury, New Zealand, close to an area where the critically endangered carabid Holcaspis brevicula was found. Results: A total of 1192 carabid individuals from 23 species were caught during the study. All but two species were native to New Zealand, with the exotic species present only in low numbers and one of these only in the pasture habitat. Carabid relative abundance and the number of species was highest in the pine plantation, where a total of 15 species were caught; however, rarefied species richness did not differ significantly between habitats. The sampled carabid beetle assemblages were similar across the three forested habitat types but differed significantly from the pasture assemblages based on unconstrained and canonical analyses of principal coordinates. Holcaspis brevicula was not detected in this area. Conclusions: Our results show that managed or exotic habitats may provide habitat to species-rich carabid assemblages although some native species occur only in natural, undisturbed vegetation. Nevertheless, it is important to acknowledge the potential contribution of these land uses and land cover types to the conservation of native biodiversity and to consider how these can be managed to maximise conservation opportunities.

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