Effect of the irrigation regime of rise on soil oxidation-reduction status

During the cultivation of rice in the field for 3 months, the required water layer is maintained. In these conditions, there are the processes that lead to changes in the composition of organic and mineral components of the soil, namely: removal of easily soluble substances and mobile forms of nutrients, the dominance of reduction processes over oxidation ones. Irrigation of rice crops using drip irrigation also causes changes in salt and water-air regimes, which leads to the formation of salt bags and toxic salinization of the soil in a layer of 0-60 cm. The negative effect of drip irrigation is not so noticeable compared to flooding conditions and can be eliminated by observing crop rotation with the rate of the main crop not more than 50%. The research was conducted during 2016-2020 in the territory of the Rice Institute of NAAS and its experimental farm (Skadovsk district, Kherson region), where the soil cover is represented by dark chestnut saline soil. The study of the effect of rice cultivation in flood conditions was carried out on a rice irrigation system with an area of 190 ha, and under drip irrigation - on a demonstration trail with an area of 4 ha. The oxidation-reduction status of the arable soil layer of rice crop rotations when rice growing, is seasonal. In the period of water layer maintaining in the field, in the arable layer reduction processes predominate, while after harvesting and checks draining the intensity of the reduction processes is moderate and decreases. A model describing this process by the equation of a quadratic parabola was constructed. Growing rice under drip irrigation also reduces the oxidation-reduction soil capacity to negative values, but for a short period, which does not adversely affect the soil. The dynamics of this indicator in the conditions of drip irrigation is described by the equation of a quadratic parabola. Continuous monitoring of this process enables to evaluate the stability of fluctuations of the oxidation-reduction soil balance, which is important for assessing soil quality.

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Chemical Control in the Soil Fungus (Pyrenochaeta terrestris) in Onion Production

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.39.4.801c ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 39 (4) ◽

pp. 801C-801

Author(s):

Ruben Macias-Duarte ◽

Raul Leonel Grijalva-Contreras* ◽

Manuel de Jesus Valenzuela-Ruiz ◽

Fabian Robles-Contreras

Keyword(s):

Drip Irrigation ◽

Chemical Control ◽

Irrigation System ◽

Soil Fungus ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Infested Soil ◽

Drip Irrigation System ◽

Experimental Station ◽

Negative Effect ◽

Pyrenochaeta Terrestris

The producers areas of onion in Mexico, are affected by the existence and increment of pathogens organisms of the soil like the fungus Pyrenochaeta terrestris, This problem increased its presence and damages due to the consecutive establishment of this vegetable year with year on the same soils. The fungus is activated and this disease developed when the soil temperature is increased. The disease infection of the plants causes rot and death of roots and small bulbs whit no commercial value, and low yields. According that the objective of the present research was to evaluate three treatments for the control of this organism pathogen: The experiment was carried out on INIFAP-CIRNO Experimental Station on a severally infested soil whit this fungus. The sow date was on 6 Jan. 2002, in this trial we used “local” variety. The treatments evaluated were Trichoderma (30 L·ha-1), Humega 8% (180 L·ha-1), Isofert 25 (400 L·ha-1) and a control (without treatment). The products were applied using the drip irrigation system. The results indicate that the treatments with Trichoderma and Humega 8% presented the lower percent of disease roots with 33% and those of more incidence were the control and Isofert 25 with 46% and 47% of disease roots, respectively. The results show 13% efficiency with the use of Trichoderma with respect to control; however this treatment did not affect the bulb weight and yield, control treatment obtained the greatest bulb weight and yield with 212 g for bulb and 80.9 t·ha-1 against 196 g and 71.9 t·ha-1, respectively, of the Trichoderma, which was seemingly a secondary negative effect in decrement the yield.

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Distribution of nutrients in the active root area of olive trees under a drip irrigation system in a sandy soil

Acta Agronomica Hungarica ◽

10.1556/aagr.53.2005.3.11 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 53 (3) ◽

pp. 339-347 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

S. H. A. Shaaban ◽

M. M. El-Fouly

Keyword(s):

Sandy Soil ◽

Drip Irrigation ◽

Soil Depth ◽

Irrigation System ◽

Soil Layer ◽

Nutrient Content ◽

Nutrient Distribution ◽

Manganese Zinc ◽

Olive Trees ◽

Iron Manganese

A study was carried out on the root distribution of mature olive trees (olea europaea, L., var. manzanillo) grown on a sandy soil, irrigated by means of drip irrigation, and on the nutrient distribution in the soil and plants. Soil was sampled at a distance of 20-160 cm from the tree trunks at depths of 0-80 cm. Leaves were also analysed for nutrient content. The roots were concentrated in the area 80-140 cm from the trunk at a soil depth of 20-60 cm, i.e. in the zone with the highest soil water content. In the horizontal layer, magnesium, iron, manganese, zinc and copper mostly decreased at the ends of the wet area, while in the vertical layer, the 0-20 cm surface soil layer was the richest in potassium, calcium, manganese, zinc and copper. Phosphorus concentrations fluctuated. The average values of potassium, magnesium, iron, manganese, zinc and copper concentrations in olive leaves were significantly higher in bearing years than in non-bearing ones. For this reason it is important to increase the doses of fertilizers containing these elements after bearing years to replace the high removal.

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Effect of the Harmony Rootstock on Yield and Qualiy `Flame Seedless' Table Grape

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.39.4.828d ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 39 (4) ◽

pp. 828D-828 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Manuel de Jesus Valenzuela-Ruiz ◽

Fabian Robles-Contreras ◽

Raul Leonel Grijalva-Contreras* ◽

Ruben Macias-Duarte

Keyword(s):

Water Consumption ◽

Drip Irrigation ◽

Irrigation System ◽

Statistical Design ◽

Table Grape ◽

Harvest Date ◽

Drip Irrigation System ◽

Nematode Control ◽

Berry Size ◽

Negative Effect

In the Northwest of Mexico, grape is one of the main crops, specially for table grape (18,000 ha), the `Flame seedless' is one of the important cultivars. Some of the main problems present in this region is the shortage and high cost of the water, nematode and salinity. The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the effect of `Harmony' rootstock on `Flame seedless' for table grape. This study was caried in the INIFAP Caborca during 2001 cycle and consisted of ten plants of `Flame Seedless' on `Harmony' rootstock and ten control plants under the drip irrigation system, the statistical design used was completely randomized. The results obtained observe not negative effect for the `Harmony' rootstock on the phenology of `Flame seedless' (budbreak, flowering and color develpment). The effect was positive since harvest date advanced in 4 days (4 June), where as the control harvest was in 8 June, as far as color were no differences, because both treatments colored well, as far as quality this was better on rootstock than that was not grafted (greather berry size and cluster uniformity). The yield was 1,200 boxes/ha when we used rootstock, 335 boxes more than control and obtaining a saving cost of 100% in the nematode control and 30% in water consumption.

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Electron transfer reactions in the mechanism of oxidation-reduction processes in solution

Journal de Chimie Physique ◽

10.1051/jcp/1951480006 ◽

1951 ◽

Vol 48 ◽

pp. C6-C10 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Joseph Weiss

Keyword(s):

Electron Transfer ◽

Transfer Reactions ◽

Electron Transfer Reactions ◽

Reduction Processes ◽

Oxidation Reduction ◽

Mechanism Of Oxidation

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ESTIMATION OF CONSUMPTIVE USE OF POTATO CROP PIANTED UNDER DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM BY USING SWRT TECHNOLOGY

Al-Qadisiyah Journal For Agriculture Sciences (QJAS) (P-ISSN 2077-5822 E-ISSN 2617-1479) ◽

10.33794/qjas.vol10.iss1.109 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 271-282

Author(s):

J.N. Abedalrahman ◽

R.J. Mansor ◽

D.R. Abass

Keyword(s):

Water Consumption ◽

Drip Irrigation ◽

Soil Depth ◽

Irrigation System ◽

Potato Crop ◽

Block Design ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Drip Irrigation System ◽

Spring Season

A field experiment was carried out in the field of the College of Agriculture / University of Wasit, located on longitude 45o 50o 33.5o East and latitude 32o 29o 49.8o North, in Spring season of the agricultural season 2019, in order to estimate the water consumption of potato crop using SWRT technology and under the drip irrigation system. The experiment was designed according to Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications and four treatments that include of the SWRT treatment (the use of plastic films under the plant root area in an engineering style), and the treatment of vegetal fertilizer (using Petmos), organic fertilizer (sheep manure), and the control treatment . Potato tubers (Solanum tuberosum L.) var. Burin was planted for spring season on 10/2/2019 at the soil depth of 5-10 cm. The highest reference water consumption for the potato crop during the season was calculated by Najeeb Kharufa, which was 663.03 mm. The highest actual water consumption for the potato crop during the season for the control treatment was 410.1 mm. The results showed increase in the values of the crop coefficient (Kc) in the stages of tubers formation and tubers filling stage as compared to the vegetative and ripening stages, ranged from 1.37-1.92 for the two stages of tubers formation and tubers filling. The SWRT treatment gave the highest water use efficiency during the season, was 3.46 kg m-3 .

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