Hepatitis B Sero-Conversion Rates among HIV Positive Children Immunized with Pentavalent Vaccine in Bamenda Health District, Cameroon

HIV has been known to interfere with the natural history of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. In this study we investigate the prevalence of occult hepatitis B virus infection (OBI) among HIV-infected individuals in Nigeria. Overall, 1200 archived HIV positive samples were screened for detectable HBsAg using rapid technique, in Ikole Ekiti Specialist Hospital. The HBsAg negative samples were tested for HBsAg, anti-HBc, and anti-HCV by ELISA. Polymerase chain reaction was used for HBV DNA amplification and CD4 counts were analyzed by cytometry. Nine hundred and eighty of the HIV samples were HBsAg negative. HBV DNA was detected in 21/188 (11.2%) of patients without detectable HBsAg. CD4 count for the patients ranged from 2 to 2,140 cells/μL of blood (mean = 490 cells/μL of blood). HCV coinfection was detected only in 3/188 (1.6%) of the HIV-infected patients (P>0.05). Twenty-eight (29.2%) of the 96 HIV samples screened were positive for anti-HBc. Averagely the HBV viral load was <50 copies/mL in the OBI samples examined by quantitative PCR. The prevalence of OBI was significantly high among HIV-infected patients. These findings highlight the significance of nucleic acid testing in HBV diagnosis in HIV patients.

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Management of Chronic Hepatitis B in an HIV-Positive Patient with 3TC-Resistant Hepatitis B Virus

AIDS Patient Care and STDs ◽

10.1089/108729103322395456 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 17 (9) ◽

pp. 439-442 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Maria Ristig ◽

Henning Drechsler ◽

Jeffrey Crippin ◽

Mauricio Lisker-Melman ◽

Pablo Tebas

Keyword(s):

Chronic Hepatitis ◽

Hepatitis B Virus ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Chronic Hepatitis B ◽

Positive Patient ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

B Virus

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Simultaneous determination of HIV antibodies, hepatitis C antibodies, and hepatitis B antigens in dried blood spots –a feasibility study using a multi-analyte immunoassay

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) ◽

10.1515/cclm.2005.023 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Zoltan Lukacs ◽

Alexandra Dietrich ◽

Rainer Ganschow ◽

Alfried Kohlschütter ◽

Rudolf Kruithof

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis C ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Simultaneous Detection ◽

Dried Blood Spots ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Blood Spots ◽

Hiv Positive Mothers ◽

Hiv Antibodies ◽

Hepatitis B Antigens ◽

Antibody Levels

AbstractHIV in particular, as well as hepatitis B and C, present a burden on healthcare systems worldwide. Early detection of these diseases may prevent further infections and improve the outcome for patients. In particular, transmission of HIV from mother to child can be significantly reduced when preventive measures are taken before birth. We have developed and optimized a method for the simultaneous detection of HIV 1 and hepatitis B and C from dried blood specimensusing the Luminex multi-analyte profiling technology (LabMap). Dried blood spots provide a convenient method for mailing, analysis and storage of samples. Specimens from known HIV-positive children (n=46) as well as hepatitis B- (n=8) and hepatitis C-positive patients (n=7) tested positive in our assay. Storage for up to 10years did not interfere with the test in the case of HIV-positive patients. Results for five different antibodies and one antigen were obtained in approximately 80seconds. Furthermore, antibody levels in infants of HIV-positive mothers were monitored over a period of 1year. Antibodies were no longer detectable after 260–360days, which compared well with results independently obtained by ELISA and Western blot analysis. We demonstrated the feasibility of the simultaneous detection of infectious diseases from dried blood. Our novel method also provides a convenient tool for monitoring children from HIV-positive mothers and for possible screening efforts.

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The prevalence of hepatitis B virus among HIV-positive patients at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre Referral Hospital, Northern Tanzania

Pan African Medical Journal ◽

10.11604/pamj.2017.28.275.11926 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 28 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tasilo Kamenya ◽

Damian Jeremia Dami ◽

James Samwel Ngocho ◽

Rune Nathanael Philemon ◽

Michael Johnson Mahande ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B Virus ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Referral Hospital ◽

Medical Centre ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Northern Tanzania ◽

B Virus ◽

Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre

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PREVALENCE AND MOLECULAR GENETIC PECULIARITIES OF PARENTERAL VIRAL HEPATITIS B AND C AMONG HIVPOSITIVE CITIZENS OF THE FAR EASTERN FEDERAL DISTRICT, INCLUDING THOSE PERSONS SENTENCED TO DEPRIVATION OF FREEDOM

ЗДОРОВЬЕ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ И СРЕДА ОБИТАНИЯ - ЗНиСО / PUBLIC HEALTH AND LIFE ENVIRONMENT ◽

10.35627/2219-5238/2019-311-2-51-55 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 51-55

Author(s):

E.A. Bazykina ◽

V.B. Turkutyukov ◽

O.E. Trotsenko ◽

V.O. Kotova ◽

L.A. Balakhonsteva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B ◽

Hiv Infection ◽

Viral Hepatitis ◽

Molecular Genetic ◽

Federal District ◽

Biological Research ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Healthy Population ◽

Genetic Characteristics ◽

Viral Hepatitis B

We conducted a comparative analysis of the parenteral viral hepatitis B and C (HBV and HCV) prevalence and their molecular genetic characteristics among prisoners of persons diagnosed with HIV infection (41 samples), HIV-positive free citizens (187 samples) and «conditionally healthy population» with the lack of information about the presence of a diagnosis of chronic viral hepatitis of any etiology and HIV infection (231 samples). Immunological and molecular biological research methods were used. Obtained data analysis showed that the prevalence of infection markers with viruses of parenteral hepatitis was significantly higher in the groups of HIV-positive individuals (imprisoned and freemen). The HBsAg-negative form of the disease was determined among the HIV-positive free population and in the «conditionally healthy population». Over the past 10 years (2009–2018), the proportion of HIV-positive prisoners in custody of people with HCV monoinfection doubled, HBV was increased in 8.7 times. Significant decrease in the combined infection of HBV and HCV of this contingent was found. Given this decrease in the penitentiary system in HIV-positive individuals, the overall burden of HBV infection (both in mono form and coinfection with HCV) significantly (5.3 times) decreased , which can be attributed to successful widespread vaccination against hepatitis B in Russia. The most common HCV genotypes among HIV-positive individuals were 1b and 3a, genotypic structure of HBV prevailed genotype D.

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