Improving Understanding of the Quitting Process: Psychological Predictors of Quit Attempts Versus Smoking Cessation Maintenance among College Students

Given how smart phones, internet services, and social media have shown great potential for assisting smoking cessation, we constructed a Facebook chat application based on our previous work with SMS texting services. This report summarizes findings from 2,364 Spanish-speaking young adults recruited through Facebook advertising in South Texas during the 2020 New Year holiday season. Among these service users, 926 (39%) were ready to make a quit attempt, and 26 (3.1%) of those users reported that they were tobacco free 1 month later. There were no responses to a chat question survey 72 days after the dates selected for quitting. Although more research with longer follow up is needed, these findings show that social media chat applications may be helpful for at least prompting quit attempts and short-term cessation among young adult Spanish-speaking smokers. There is no evidence of an impact on long-term cessation, and more research is clearly needed.

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Electronic cigarettes, quit attempts and smoking cessation: a 6-month follow-up

Addiction ◽

10.1111/add.13869 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 112 (9) ◽

pp. 1620-1628 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Anne Pasquereau ◽

Romain Guignard ◽

Raphaël Andler ◽

Viêt Nguyen-Thanh

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Electronic Cigarettes ◽

Quit Attempts

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Magnetic resonance imaging for smoking abstinence: symptoms, mechanisms, and interventions

Brain Science Advances ◽

10.26599/bsa.2021.9050016 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 75-96

Author(s):

Yanzhi Bi ◽

Li Hu

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Smoking Cessation ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Neural Substrates ◽

Adverse Outcomes ◽

Smoking Abstinence ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Functional Changes ◽

Quit Attempts ◽

The Central Nervous System

Tobacco smoking is the leading preventable cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although a number of smokers are aware of the adverse outcomes of smoking and express a strong desire to stop smoking, most smoking quit attempts end in relapse within the first few days of abstinence, primarily resulting from the aversive aspects of the nicotine withdrawal syndrome. Therefore, studying the neural mechanisms of smoking abstinence, identifying smokers with heightened relapse vulnerability prior to quit attempts, and developing effective smoking cessation treatments appear to be promising strategies for improving the success of quit attempts. In recent years, with the development of magnetic resonance imaging, the neural substrates of smoking abstinence have become extensively studied. In this review, we first introduce the psychophysiological changes induced by smoking abstinence, including affective, cognitive, and somatic signs. We then provide an overview of the magnetic resonance imaging-based evidence regarding abstinence-related functional changes accompanied by these psychophysiological changes. We conclude with a discussion of the neural markers that could predict relapse during quit attempts and a summary of the psychophysiological interventions that are currently often used to help with smoking cessation. This review extends our understanding of the role of the central nervous system in smoking abstinence.

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Balancing Consideration of the Risks and Benefits of E-Cigarettes

American Journal of Public Health ◽

10.2105/ajph.2021.306416 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. e1-e12

Author(s):

David J. K. Balfour ◽

Neal L. Benowitz ◽

Suzanne M. Colby ◽

Dorothy K. Hatsukami ◽

Harry A. Lando ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Media Coverage ◽

Attributable Mortality ◽

Cigarette Use ◽

The Public ◽

Health Community ◽

Smoking Policies ◽

Quit Attempts ◽

Quitting Smoking ◽

Potential Benefits

The topic of e-cigarettes is controversial. Opponents focus on e-cigarettes’ risks for young people, while supporters emphasize the potential for e-cigarettes to assist smokers in quitting smoking. Most US health organizations, media coverage, and policymakers have focused primarily on risks to youths. Because of their messaging, much of the public—including most smokers—now consider e-cigarette use as dangerous as or more dangerous than smoking. By contrast, the National Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine concluded that e-cigarette use is likely far less hazardous than smoking. Policies intended to reduce adolescent vaping may also reduce adult smokers’ use of e-cigarettes in quit attempts. Because evidence indicates that e-cigarette use can increase the odds of quitting smoking, many scientists, including this essay’s authors, encourage the health community, media, and policymakers to more carefully weigh vaping’s potential to reduce adult smoking-attributable mortality. We review the health risks of e-cigarette use, the likelihood that vaping increases smoking cessation, concerns about youth vaping, and the need to balance valid concerns about risks to youths with the potential benefits of increasing adult smoking cessation. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print August 19, 2021: e1–e12. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2021.306416 )

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Prospective predictors of quit attempts and smoking cessation in young adults.

Health Psychology ◽

10.1037/0278-6133.15.4.261 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 261-268 ◽

Cited By ~ 94

Author(s):

Jennifer S. Rose ◽

Laurie Chassin ◽

Clark C. Presson ◽

Steven J. Sherman

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Young Adults ◽

Quit Attempts

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Evaluation of a Novel Difficulty of Smoking Cessation Phenotype Based on Number of Quit Attempts

Nicotine & Tobacco Research ◽

10.1093/ntr/ntw234 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. ntw234 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Victoria L. Stevens ◽

Eric J. Jacobs ◽

Susan M. Gapstur ◽

Brian D. Carter ◽

Mia M. Gaudet ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Quit Attempts

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Factors associated with quit attempts and smoking cessation in Brazil: findings from the International Tobacco Control Brazil Survey

Public Health ◽

10.1016/j.puhe.2019.06.004 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 174 ◽

pp. 127-133

Author(s):

L. Casado ◽

J.F. Thrasher ◽

C. Perez ◽

L.C. Santos Thuler ◽

G.T. Fong

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Tobacco Control ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Quit Attempts

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History and Correlates of Smoking Cessation Behaviors Among Smokers With Serious Mental Illness

Nicotine & Tobacco Research ◽

10.1093/ntr/ntz229 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 22 (9) ◽

pp. 1492-1499 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Su Fen Lubitz ◽

Alex Flitter ◽

E Paul Wileyto ◽

Douglas Ziedonis ◽

Nathaniel Stevens ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Illness ◽

Carbon Monoxide ◽

Smoking Cessation ◽

General Population ◽

Serious Mental Illness ◽

Smoking Cessation Counseling ◽

Smoking Cessation Advice ◽

Smoking Cessation Treatment ◽

Quit Attempt ◽

Quit Attempts

Abstract Introduction Individuals with serious mental illness (SMI) smoke at rates two to three times greater than the general population but are less likely to receive treatment. Increasing our understanding of correlates of smoking cessation behaviors in this group can guide intervention development. Aims and Methods Baseline data from an ongoing trial involving smokers with SMI (N = 482) were used to describe smoking cessation behaviors (ie, quit attempts, quit motivation, and smoking cessation treatment) and correlates of these behaviors (ie, demographics, attitudinal and systems-related variables). Results Forty-three percent of the sample did not report making a quit attempt in the last year, but 44% reported making one to six quit attempts; 43% and 20%, respectively, reported wanting to quit within the next 6 months or the next 30 days. Sixty-one percent used a smoking cessation medication during their quit attempt, while 13% utilized counseling. More quit attempts were associated with lower nicotine dependence and carbon monoxide and greater beliefs about the harms of smoking. Greater quit motivation was associated with lower carbon monoxide, minority race, benefits of cessation counseling, and importance of counseling within the clinic. A greater likelihood of using smoking cessation medications was associated with being female, smoking more cigarettes, and receiving smoking cessation advice. A greater likelihood of using smoking cessation counseling was associated with being male, greater academic achievement, and receiving smoking cessation advice. Conclusions Many smokers with SMI are engaged in efforts to quit smoking. Measures of smoking cessation behavior are associated with tobacco use indicators, beliefs about smoking, race and gender, and receiving cessation advice. Implications Consideration of factors related to cessation behaviors among smokers with SMI continues to be warranted, due to their high smoking rates compared to the general population. Increasing our understanding of these predictive characteristics can help promote higher engagement in evidence-based smoking cessation treatments among this subpopulation.

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