Predictors of attrition in a cohort study of HIV infection and methamphetamine dependence

Methamphetamine use is associated with increased risk of HIV infection among young sexual minority men (SMM). Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is an effective strategy for individuals who are exposed to HIV, but there is limited research about PEP use among young SMM and its relationship with methamphetamine use. This study analyzes the association between ever PEP use and recent methamphetamine use among young SMM in New York City, using cross-sectional data from the P18 Cohort Study (n = 429). Multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess the association between methamphetamine use and ever PEP use. Compared with those who had not used methamphetamine in the last 6 months, young SMM who did use methamphetamine were significantly more likely to have ever used PEP (AOR = 6.07, 95% CI: 2.10–16.86). Young SMM who had ever used PrEP had 16 times higher odds of ever using PEP (AOR = 16, 95% CI: 7.41–35.95). Those who completed bachelor’s degrees were 61% less likely to have ever used PEP (AOR = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.17–0.88). These data suggest that methamphetamine use could increase the risk of HIV infection, highlighting the critical need to target interventions for young SMM who use methamphetamine and are more likely to engage in unprotected intercourse.

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AIDS-Defining Opportunistic Illnesses in Qatar, 2000-2016 : A Cohort Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-988385/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Maisa Ali ◽

Mahmoud Gassim ◽

Nada Elmaki ◽

Wael Goravey ◽

Abdulatif Alkhal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Hiv Infection ◽

Incidence Rate ◽

Opportunistic Infections ◽

Kaposi Sarcoma ◽

Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia ◽

Human Immune Deficiency Virus ◽

Major Health Problem ◽

Opportunistic Illness ◽

Population Demographic

Abstract Background Human immune deficiency virus (HIV) infection remains a major health problem since discovery of the virus in 1981. Globally, since introduction of antiretroviral therapy, AIDS related death felt by more than 25% between 2005 &2011. Also, HIV related opportunistic infections (OIs) are less common, especially with use of prophylaxis to prevent such infections (3). We aim in this study to assess the incidence of HIV infection and related OIs in Qatar for 17-year period, and assess the spectrum of these infections, risk factors and treatment outcome. Methods retrospective cohort study for all HIV infected patients registered in Qatar from 2000-2016. Incidence of HIV infection and related opportunistic illness was calculated per 100000 population. Demographic and Clinical characteristic were compared between two groups of patients with and without opportunistic illness. Results of 167 cases with HIV infection 54 (32.3%) of them had opportunistic illness. The average incidence rate of HIV infection over 17 years is 0.69 per 100000 population, and the incidence rate for opportunistic illness is 0.27 per 100000 population, figure1. The most common opportunistic illness is pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) 25% of cases, followed by CMV retinitis 7.2%, Tuberculosis 5.4%, Toxoplasmosis 4.2% and less than 2% for Kaposi sarcoma, lymphoma and cryptococcal infection.

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Obstetric and new born outcome in HIV infected pregnant women: a prospective cohort study in Bangalore Medical College Hospitals, India

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20184486 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (11) ◽

pp. 4445

Author(s):

Rashmi S. Desai ◽

Geetha Shivamurthy ◽

Sameer Desai

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Hiv Infection ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Opportunistic Infection ◽

Prospective Cohort ◽

Premature Rupture ◽

Maternal Hiv ◽

Maternal Hiv Infection ◽

Cd4 Cell

Background: The effect of HIV on obstetric complications is known to vary across regions of world. The variation may be due to HIV infection per se or it may be due to complex interaction of related medical and social conditions that affect pregnancy. Incidence of these obstetric complications in HIV infected pregnant women is not well reported in India. So, this prospective cohort study was carried to observe the demographics and incidence of obstetrics complications like abortions, still birth, premature rupture of membranes, preterm delivery, opportunistic infections in HIV infected pregnant women.Methods: All pregnant women who were screened positive for HIV test, irrespective of their gestational age were included in the study. Apart from routine obstetric care, CD4 cell count was carried out. The patients were followed up till term, delivery and up to 6-week postpartum period. Obstetric outcomes like incidence of abortion, intrauterine death, preterm delivery and premature rupture of membrane were noted. Baby`s birth weight and the incidence of maternal opportunistic infection were noted and correlated with maternal CD4 cell count.Results: Maternal HIV infection is associated pre-term labour in 34.5%, PROM in 30%, low birth weight in 52.3%. Increased incidences of these adverse outcomes have an inverse relationship with CD4 count.Conclusions: Maternal HIV infection is associated with increased incidence of adverse obstetric outcome and opportunistic infection, and their incidences increase with lower CD4 count.

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