Sound production treatment for acquired apraxia of speech: Effects of blocked and random practice on multisyllabic word production

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 450-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Wambaugh ◽  
Christina Nessler ◽  
Sandra Wright ◽  
Shannon Mauszycki ◽  
Catharine DeLong
Keyword(s):  
Sound Production ◽  
Word Production ◽  
Apraxia Of Speech

Sound Production Treatment for Acquired Apraxia of Speech: An Examination of Dosage in Relation to Probe Performance

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Julie L. Wambaugh ◽  
Lydia Kallhoff ◽  
Christina Nessler
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Sound Production ◽  
Apraxia Of Speech ◽  
Practice Schedule ◽  
Practice Schedules ◽  
Baseline Performance ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Number Of Treatment ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This study was designed to examine the association of dosage and effects of Sound Production Treatment (SPT) for acquired apraxia of speech. Method Treatment logs and probe data from 20 speakers with apraxia of speech and aphasia were submitted to a retrospective analysis. The number of treatment sessions and teaching episodes was examined relative to (a) change in articulation accuracy above baseline performance, (b) mastery of production, and (c) maintenance. The impact of practice schedule (SPT-Blocked vs. SPT-Random) was also examined. Results The average number of treatment sessions conducted prior to change was 5.4 for SPT-Blocked and 3.9 for SPT-Random. The mean number of teaching episodes preceding change was 334 for SPT-Blocked and 179 for SPT-Random. Mastery occurred within an average of 13.7 sessions (1,252 teaching episodes) and 12.4 sessions (1,082 teaching episodes) for SPT-Blocked and SPT-Random, respectively. Comparisons of dosage metric values across practice schedules did not reveal substantial differences. Significant negative correlations were found between follow-up probe performance and the dosage metrics. Conclusions Only a few treatment sessions were needed to achieve initial positive changes in articulation, with mastery occurring within 12–14 sessions for the majority of participants. Earlier occurrence of change or mastery was associated with better follow-up performance. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12592190

scholarly journals Childhood Apraxia of Speech. Developmental Speech Patterns. A Wide Retrospective Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3sup1) ◽  
pp. 54-68
Author(s):  
Elad Vashdi ◽  
◽  
Amit Avramov ◽  
Špela Falatov ◽  
Huang Yi-Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Sound Production ◽  
Speech Disorder ◽  
Apraxia Of Speech ◽  
Childhood Apraxia Of Speech ◽  
Motor Speech ◽  
Entry Level ◽  
Motor Speech Disorder ◽  
Speech Patterns

Patterns of a phenomenon define the entity. If one understands the patterns of the maze, he can find his way there. Patterns of colors on a dress will hold its characters and soul. Understanding the expressive patterns of a developmental syndrome enables treating it with success. It is true for treating Childhood Apraxia of speech (CAS) as well. CAS as motor-speech disorder involves difficulties in sounds production for speech purposes. The difficulties can be demonstrated in patterns that would be specific to CAS. These patterns can distinguish one phenomenon from another. A retrospective research was conducted based on 277 entry level evaluations of children diagnosed with CAS or suspected of CAS who visited a private clinic between 2006 and 2013. The analysis included speech variables alongside background and environmental variables. This article is dealing with speech patterns of children with motor speech disorder. Among the patterns examined are vowels ladder, single syllable ladder, Blowing and SSP (single sound production), Oral motor and SSP, Consonant group ladder and Consonants Exploratory factor analysis. The findings demonstrated the relationship and order of vowels, consonants and single syllables among Hebrew speaking children diagnosed with motor speech disorder. The Consonants Exploratory factor analysis gave validity to the existence of unique consonant groups. Further discussion regarding every result and its implication is included. Understanding the unique patterns of consonants and vowels strength among children with CAS can help clinicians in the decision-making process and goals targeting.

A neurophonetic perspective on articulation planning

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfram Ziegler
Keyword(s):  
Motor Learning ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
Word Production ◽  
Apraxia Of Speech ◽  
Clinical Model ◽  
Motor Processes ◽  
Speech Motor Learning ◽  
Speech Motor ◽  
Production Accuracy

This paper gives an overview of a model that predicts articulation ease for German phonological words on the basis of error data from patients with apraxia of speech (AOS). AOS is introduced as a clinical model of higher order motor processes for articulation. Word production accuracy in AOS is considered as a window into the structure of articulation plans as acquired through speech motor learning in childhood. The NLG model of apraxia of speech is explained. Applications in speech development and adult speech are outlined.

scholarly journals Identification and Remediation of Phonological and Motor Errors in Acquired Sound Production Impairment

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (6S) ◽  
pp. 1726-1738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Buchwald ◽  
Bernadine Gagnon ◽  
Michele Miozzo
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Phonological Processing ◽  
Sound Production ◽  
Motor Planning ◽  
Consonant Cluster ◽  
Apraxia Of Speech ◽  
Training Task ◽  
Production Errors ◽  
Repetition Task ◽  
Error Types

Purpose This study aimed to test whether an approach to distinguishing errors arising in phonological processing from those arising in motor planning also predicts the extent to which repetition-based training can lead to improved production of difficult sound sequences. Method Four individuals with acquired speech production impairment who produced consonant cluster errors involving deletion were examined using a repetition task. We compared the acoustic details of productions with deletion errors in target consonant clusters to singleton consonants. Changes in accuracy over the course of the study were also compared. Results Two individuals produced deletion errors consistent with a phonological locus of the errors, and 2 individuals produced errors consistent with a motoric locus of the errors. The 2 individuals who made phonologically driven errors showed no change in performance on a repetition training task, whereas the 2 individuals with motoric errors improved in their production of both trained and untrained items. Conclusions The results extend previous findings about a metric for identifying the source of sound production errors in individuals with both apraxia of speech and aphasia. In particular, this work may provide a tool for identifying predominant error types in individuals with complex deficits.

Recovering With Acquired Apraxia of Speech: The First 2 Years

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (4S) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarina L. Haley ◽  
Jennifer N. Shafer ◽  
Tyson G. Harmon ◽  
Adam Jacks
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Sound Production ◽  
Speech Sound ◽  
Cognitive Effort ◽  
Speaking Rate ◽  
Apraxia Of Speech ◽  
Dynamic Relationship ◽  
Speech Features ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose This study was intended to document speech recovery for 1 person with acquired apraxia of speech quantitatively and on the basis of her lived experience. Method The second author sustained a traumatic brain injury that resulted in acquired apraxia of speech. Over a 2-year period, she documented her recovery through 22 video-recorded monologues. We analyzed these monologues using a combination of auditory perceptual, acoustic, and qualitative methods. Results Recovery was evident for all quantitative variables examined. For speech sound production, the recovery was most prominent during the first 3 months, but slower improvement was evident for many months. Measures of speaking rate, fluency, and prosody changed more gradually throughout the entire period. A qualitative analysis of topics addressed in the monologues was consistent with the quantitative speech recovery and indicated a subjective dynamic relationship between accuracy and rate, an observation that several factors made speech sound production variable, and a persisting need for cognitive effort while speaking. Conclusions Speech features improved over an extended time, but the recovery trajectories differed, indicating dynamic reorganization of the underlying speech production system. The relationship among speech dimensions should be examined in other cases and in population samples. The combination of quantitative and qualitative analysis methods offers advantages for understanding clinically relevant aspects of recovery.

scholarly journals Perceptually Salient Sound Distortions and Apraxia of Speech: A Performance Continuum

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (2S) ◽  
pp. 631-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarina L. Haley ◽  
Adam Jacks ◽  
Jessica D. Richardson ◽  
Julie L. Wambaugh
Keyword(s):  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Sound Production ◽  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Speech Sound ◽  
Speaking Rate ◽  
Apraxia Of Speech ◽  
External Criterion ◽  
Syllable Duration ◽  
Left Hemisphere Stroke ◽  
A Performance

Purpose We sought to characterize articulatory distortions in apraxia of speech and aphasia with phonemic paraphasia and to evaluate the diagnostic validity of error frequency of distortion and distorted substitution in differentiating between these disorders. Method Study participants were 66 people with speech sound production difficulties after left-hemisphere stroke or trauma. They were divided into 2 groups on the basis of word syllable duration, which served as an external criterion for speaking rate in multisyllabic words and an index of likely speech diagnosis. Narrow phonetic transcriptions were completed for audio-recorded clinical motor speech evaluations, using 29 diacritic marks. Results Partial voicing and altered vowel tongue placement were common in both groups, and changes in consonant manner and place were also observed. The group with longer word syllable duration produced significantly more distortion and distorted-substitution errors than did the group with shorter word syllable duration, but variations were distributed on a performance continuum that overlapped substantially between groups. Conclusions Segment distortions in focal left-hemisphere lesions can be captured with a customized set of diacritic marks. Frequencies of distortions and distorted substitutions are valid diagnostic criteria for apraxia of speech, but further development of quantitative criteria and dynamic performance profiles is necessary for clinical utility.

Self-Judgments of Word Production Accuracy in Acquired Apraxia of Speech

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (4S) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Wambaugh ◽  
Linda Shuster ◽  
Dallin J. Bailey ◽  
Shannon Mauszycki ◽  
Jacob Kean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Data ◽  
False Positives ◽  
Word Production ◽  
The Self ◽  
Clinical Feature ◽  
Apraxia Of Speech ◽  
False Negatives ◽  
Error Awareness ◽  
Sampling Times ◽  
Accuracy And Stability

Purpose The ability to recognize one's own speech errors has long been considered a clinical feature of acquired apraxia of speech (AOS) despite limited empirical data supporting this notion. This study was designed to (a) investigate the ability of speakers with AOS to self-judge the accuracy of their own word productions and (b) examine the test–retest stability of a measure to quantify the self-judgments of speakers with AOS. Method Twenty-four speakers with AOS and aphasia repeated mono- and multisyllabic words. After each word, they indicated whether their production was correct or incorrect. This procedure was repeated 1 week later to examine performance stability. Results Percentage of incorrect word productions was stable for the group across times. Accuracy of judgments ranged from 64% to 100% at Time 1 and from 56% to 100% at Time 2. Inaccurate judgments of error productions (false positives) occurred much more frequently than inaccurate judgments of correct productions (false negatives). Conclusions Error production was remarkably stable in our participants. As a group, the participants failed to detect almost one third of words produced erroneously. However, accuracy and stability of judgments over sampling times varied across participants. Findings suggest that error awareness might be a worthwhile target for treatment in some individuals with AOS.

Intensive sound production treatment for severe, chronic apraxia of speech

Aphasiology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 1164-1181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Mozeiko ◽  
Victoria Abolafia ◽  
Abigail Garneau ◽  
Carl Coelho
Keyword(s):  
Sound Production ◽  
Apraxia Of Speech

Acquired Apraxia of Speech: Comparison of Electropalatography Treatment and Sound Production Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1S) ◽  
pp. 511-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon C. Mauszycki ◽  
Julie L. Wambaugh
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Treatment ◽  
Sound Production ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Speech Sounds ◽  
Apraxia Of Speech ◽  
Treatment Approaches ◽  
Baseline Design ◽  
Visual Biofeedback ◽  
Kinematic Approach

Purpose This investigation compared 2 treatment approaches for acquired apraxia of speech. The effects of a treatment that uses an articulatory–kinematic approach in conjunction with visual biofeedback (VBFB) via electropalatography (EPG) were compared to Sound Production Treatment (SPT), an established behavioral treatment that is also an articulatory–kinematic approach. Method A multiple baseline design across behaviors and participants was used with 2 participants with chronic apraxia of speech and aphasia. Accuracy of target speech sounds in treated and untreated words or phrases in probe sessions served as the dependent variable. The effects of 2 treatments based on an articulatory–kinematic approach were compared: (a) VBFB via EPG and (b) SPT. The order of treatments was counterbalanced across participants. Results Positive changes in articulatory accuracy were observed for SPT and VBFB treatment via EPG. Generalization to untreated stimulus items composed of treated speech sounds was also positive for both treatments. However, participants achieved greater articulatory accuracy with SPT during treatment and better long-term maintenance. Discussion Both treatment approaches resulted in improved speech production accuracy, but gains were greater for SPT. However, further research with additional participants is needed due to the small sample size included in this investigation.

Effects of Treatment for Sound Errors in Apraxia of Speech and Aphasia

1998 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 725-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie L. Wambaugh ◽  
Michelene M. Kalinyak-Fliszar ◽  
Joan E. West ◽  
Patrick J. Doyle
Keyword(s):  
Sound Production ◽  
Multiple Baseline ◽  
Stimulus Generalization ◽  
Apraxia Of Speech ◽  
Baseline Design ◽  
Training Techniques ◽  
Response Generalization ◽  
Minimal Contrast ◽  
Treatment Gains ◽  
Cessation Of Treatment

This investigation was designed to examine the acquisition, generalization, and maintenance effects of a treatment for sound errors in speakers with co-occurring apraxia of speech and aphasia. Three speakers with chronic apraxia of speech and aphasia were studied in the context of a multiple baseline design across speakers and behaviors. Treatment combined the use of minimal contrast pairs with traditional sound production training techniques such as integral stimulation and articulatory placement cueing and was applied sequentially to sounds that were determined to be consistently in error before training. Results revealed increased correct sound productions for all speakers in trained and untrained words. Response generalization effects across sounds and stimulus generalization effects varied, but appeared to be limited for most speakers. Although positive maintenance effects were evidenced, some loss of treatment gains was noted following cessation of treatment.

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