Plant communities on rock outcrops in the northwest part of the Black Sea Caucasian coast

2009 ◽  
pp. 3-14
Author(s):  
V. B. Golub ◽  
N. A. Grechushkina ◽  
A. N. Sorokin ◽  
L. F. Nikolaychuk
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Rock Outcrops ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Phi Coefficient

The classification of petrophytic vegetation of coastal steeps was proposed for the Northwest Cauca­sian coast of the Black Sea using the Braun-Blanquet approach. The main factors that influence the deve­lopment of vegetation in question are abrasion and denudation sea coast processes. The coastal steeps in study area are formed by carbonate flysch. The plant communities occur on rocky slopes with poorly deve­loped soil cover, fine stone chips as well as rock crevices. Nine associations and four communities without syntaxonomic rank were documented in the table and described with respect to their phyto­socio­logical affinities, ecology, and geographical location. Diagnostic species of syntaxa were established using phi-coefficient calculations of fidelity and Fisher’s exact test. In addition, the results of relevé ordination were given using the algorithm of non-metric multi­dimensional scaling (NMS) that is embedded in PC-ORD 5.0 software package.

scholarly journals Fundamental Basis for the Conservation of Biodiversity of the Black Sea-Kazak H Steppes

Hacquetia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 215-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Demina ◽  
Tatiana Bragina
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Soil Invertebrate ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Floristic Classification ◽  
Quantitative Indicators ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Conservation Of Biodiversity

Abstract The paper presents new approaches for assessing the conservation value of plant communities based on the use of quantitative criteria contained in databases and eco-floristic classification of steppe vegetation in the Don basin (Rostov region). The Black Sea and Kazakhstan steppes have significant potential for environmental protection. Analysis of biodiversity levels has been facilitated by descriptions of plant communities and quantitative indicators of major faunal groups of soil invertebrates (macrofauna) in the Tobol-Turgai basin (Kostanay region, Kazakhstan). As the structure of soil invertebrate communities is closely associated with vegetation, its assessment can provide insight into the degree of preservation or the depth of disturbance of ecosystems such as those found in the Black Sea and Kazakhstan steppes.

Sinopean Amphorae and Chernyakhov Culture

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 479-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris Magomedov ◽  
Sergey Didenko
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Roman Period ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Type C ◽  
Late Roman Period ◽  
Late Roman

Abstract The Chernyakhov culture existed in the Eastern Europe in the second third of the 3rd to the early 5th century AD. Its dominant population group was that of the Goths. Among the goods imported into the region were amphorae of “Delakeu” type, or type C Snp I according to the classification of D. Kassab Tezgör. A workshop which produced these amphorae has been discovered on the outskirts of Sinope. The amphorae from the region of the Chernyakhov culture belong largely to the variant C Snp I-1, module L and M, and, less frequently, to the variant C Snp I-2. Sometimes the clay of these amphorae does not have many added inclusions. This fact led to the mistaken conclusion that the amphorae of “Delakeu” type from the Chernyakhov territory might have been produced not in Sinope but somewhere else. Most of the types of the repertoire of Sinopean amphorae dating to the late Roman period occur across the whole Black Sea littoral. However, the variant C Snp I-1 is known mostly in the region of the Chernyakhov culture, and is not very common on the southern and eastern coasts of the Black Sea. We assume that this distribution pattern can be explained by the specific purpose of these containers. In AD 332, Constantine I signed an agreement with the Goths, whereby they received subsidies in exchange for service. A part of this agreement could have been the provision of wine. Approximately in the middle of 4th century, Sinopean wine started to be delivered to the Chernyakhov territory. Presumably, amphorae with a larger than normal capacity (the type “Delakeu” / C Snp I-1) were produced in order to deliver the wine. These circumstances might explain the mass appearance of such amphorae on the Chernyakhov sites and also the absence of these amphorae from Greek towns.

scholarly journals The problem of the alkalinity degree diagnostics in the soils of the northwest of the Black sea region

2017 ◽  
pp. 21-32
Author(s):  
Mykhailo Bibik ◽  
Hryhorii Moroz ◽  
Vitalii Kyrylenko ◽  
Artem Kuzmenko
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Integral Approach ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Sodic Soils ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Moment

According to the results of the study of soils in the Northwest of the Black Sea region, it is determined that here, in the profile of vorony-calcic and calcic Chernozems, both residual and weak alkalinity are manifested. It was found out, nowadays, in the national soil science, there are no clear criteria for the selection of sodic soils and for the determination of their alkalinity degree. Furthermore, there is also the question of the differentiation of the actually sodic and residual-sodic soils. It has been established that on the territory of the Northwest of the Black Sea region polygenetic soils – vorony-calcic and calcic Chernozems weakly and residual-sodic were formed and the diagnostics of their classification and taxonomic position for the moment is rather ambiguous. The diagnostic of the alkalinity degree of vorony-calcic and calcic Chernozems in the Northwest of the Black Sea region was carried out in four methodological approaches. It was established, that it is impossible to carry out precise and unambiguous diagnostics of the alkalinity degree of soils of the territory of the study according to existing methods. Thus, the sodic and residual-sodic soils, according to classification of 1977, are almost entirely positioned as weakly sodic in accordance with the “Field determinant of soils”. In turn, taking into account the Novikova approach, the status of these same soils varies from non-sodic to solonetzes according to the degree of illuviation, the final diagnosis of which, however, contradicts the low content of exchangeable sodium. An integral approach to the determination of the alkalinity degree of soils is proposed, which is based on the chronological features of the course and direction of the sodification process. According to this approach, if the alkalinity of the studied soils is relict, its degree should be diagnosed by the illuviation of silt and by the content of exchange Na+ (Ni> 8 %, Na+<3 % – residual-sodic soils, Ni> 8 %, Na+ ≥ 3 % –sodic soils).In turn, in the case of the modern alkalinity, its degree should be determined by the ratio Ca2+/Mg2+ (<4,8) and by the content of the exchangeable Na+ (<3 % – residual-sodic soils, and ≥3 % – sodic soils). Key words: Chernozems, the alkalinity degree, diagnostic, steppe, the Northwest of the Black Sea region.

scholarly journals Classification of the Provinces of the Black Sea Region in Terms of Beekeeping

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-55
Author(s):  
Nur İlkay Abacı ◽  
Samet Hasan Abacı ◽  
Selim Bıyık
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Black Sea Region

scholarly journals Les pêches méditerranéennes

2005 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Pierre Boude
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
The State ◽  
Direct Access ◽  
Fishing Ground ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Potential Development ◽  
Fish Catch ◽  
Total Fish ◽  
The Mediterranean

The Mediterranean together with the Black Sea constitutes a fishing ground of almost 3 000 000 square kilometres. In view of its geographical location, numerous conflicts arise in this area regarding its exploitation since 22 states have direct access to its waters. Total fish catch in the Mediterranean amount to almost 1 900 000 tons per year with a rise of 136 % over 20 years. This industry employs nearly 250 000 fishermen. The occupations vary greatly in general and the exploitable resources are shared inequitably. The state of exploitation is such that the financial returns are extremely uneven, hence the requisite for profitability sometimes leaves much to be desired. Although potential development of stock appears limited, changes in reception facilities, production instruments, planning of coastal and lagoon areas, and better training of fishermen would improve the situation in this industry. The setting-up of Mediterranean integrated programmes can be a step forward towards the realization of this goal.

scholarly journals Black Sea Container Market and Georgia’s Positioning

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (31) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Irakli Danelia
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Caucasus Region ◽  
One Belt One Road ◽  
Road Project ◽  
Future Potential ◽  
Sea Area

Due to the strategically important geographical location, Black Sea region has a key transit function throughout between Europe and Asia. Georgia, which is a part of Black sea area, has a vital transit function for Caucasus Region, as well as for whole New Silk Road area. Nevertheless, still there is no evidence what kind of role and place Georgia has in The Black Sea container market. As the country has ambition to be transit hub for containerizes cargo flows between west and east and is actively involved in the process of formation “One Belt One Road” project, it is very important to identify Country’s current circumstances, capacities and future potential. Because of this, the purpose of the study is to investigate cargo flows and opportunities of the Black Sea container market, level of competitiveness in the area and define Georgia’s positioning in the regional Container market.

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