scholarly journals Rose water distillation

Author(s):  
Milja Helenius ◽  
Maija Aksela ◽  
Anu Hopia ◽  
Erik Fooladi

Steam distillation has been used for over two thousand years to isolate the scent of flowers. Rose water is nowadays a rather uncommon ingredient in European cuisine but it is common in, for example, Arabic recipes. The quality of flower distilled waters has improved due to advances in distillation techniques, allowing for better salvaging of flavourings. The aim of this work is to use two different kinds of distillation equipment, modern laboratory distillation equipment and homemade kitchen equipment, and to compare the scents of distilled rose waters. The work is suitable for teaching chemistry in upper secondary school and, if simplified slightly, in secondary school as well.

Neofilolog ◽  
1970 ◽  
pp. 201-222
Author(s):  
Beata Kouhan

Examining different solutions implemented during foreign language lessons in different countries can be very useful. Firstly, noticing some innovative ideas in an authentic context in another educational system can inspire the introduction of some changes which can potentially raise the quality of foreign language in-struction. Secondly, seeing the same solutions in another educational system can confirm the effectiveness of existing methods and in this way may strengthen the intrinsic motivation of all involved in the teaching process of teaching for-eign languages. One of the most important elements of a foreign language les-son is educational discourse taking place in the classroom as it has the potential to affect all aspects of a particular class and to greatly influence learning out-comes. With this in mind, the author included educational discourse in a com-parative study of the processes taking place during foreign language lesson in two types of schools: the Polish upper secondary school and the British sixth form college. The article is divided into four sections. The first one deals with the literature related to discourse, especially discourse in education. In the sec-ond section, the structure and the scope of the research will be presented, in-cluding the research tools, the subjects of the study, the research questions, the scope and the organisation of the activities, and the factors potentially limiting and influencing the outcomes of the research. In the third part, the results of the study will be presented on the basis of the analysis of the data collected by means of questionnaires, observations and interviews. In the final section, the author will draw conclusions and make some pedagogical recommendations.


Author(s):  
Roma Kulikauskienė

The present school feels lack of qualified and competent staff. The success of school activities de-pends on the competence of teachers as they are responsible for the quality of students’ qualification. Due to the absence of any structure of activities, a teacher plays different roles including the development of indi-vidual curricula and improvement of school activities. They also work as advisers on the learning process and professional career, the evaluators of internal audit, launch projects, participate in international events etc. The project concentrates and involves school community, helps teachers with increasing their quali-fications and implementing ideas in practice. On the other hand, projects assists in providing possibilities of receiving additional financial support and dealing with complex educational problems. An important point is that projects actively involve teachers. Key words: project management, school activities, school community, upper-secondary school.


Author(s):  
Anna-Maria Stenseth ◽  
Unn-Doris K. Bæck

AbstractThis study explores the influence of geographical location on young pupils’ educational orientations and their transition from lower to upper secondary school; it pays particular attention to the voices of male youths from a rural area. More specifically, it investigates the interplay between gender and geographical contexts and the significance of these factors in understanding the processes associated with educational orientations. Margaret Archer’s framework is used to analyse how pupils’ agency is constrained and/or enabled by objective structures. The data material consists of qualitative interviews with 18 pupils transitioning from lower to upper secondary school in Norway. Each of the pupils was interviewed twice: first when they were in their last year of lower secondary education, and then during their first year of upper secondary education. The findings show that pupils consider geographical locations when making decisions about further education and work. In addition, they believe that education beyond compulsory schooling benefits their life in the rural areas. However, unlike their urban counterparts, pupils from rural areas appear to have a more constraining transition to upper secondary education. Through the analyses in this article, it becomes clear that both geographical location and gender are key factors for understanding processes connected to education.


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