Artemy Rafalovich and his Essays by Russian Doctor: Historical and ethnographic source

2020 ◽  
pp. 307-320
Author(s):  
Elena E. Nosenko-Shtein ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Near East ◽  
Doctor Who ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Russian Government ◽  
The Public ◽  
Geographical Society ◽  
History Of ◽  
Intelligence Service

The author considers the biography of Artemy Rafalovich and his Essays by a Russian doctor as a source for ethnography of the population of the Near East in the first half of the nineteenth century. Rafalovich had been sent by the Russian Ministry of Home Affairs to countries under the rule of Ottoman Empire in order to investigate reasons for the emergence and spread of the plague. His Essays by a Russian doctor who had been sent to the Orient were the main source for this essay, especially the second part of these Essays in which the climate, agriculture, urban centers, and populations of Syria, Palestine and Lebanon are described. The au-thor follows the life of Artemy Rafalovich and stresses that many facts are still not sufficiently researched. Further, the author analyses the Essays as a source for the study of the history of medicine, public hygiene in the region, and the reasons for infectious diseases described by Rafalovich. The author also emphasizes that Rafalovich became a member of Ethnographic Department of the Russian Imperial Geographical Society, and during his trips he described the population - ethnic and religious groups of the region - its numbers, activities, customs, and so on. Rafalovich was a baptized Jew, so he distanced himself from the different Jew-ish groups of the region; he describes their numbers and sometimes the hygiene of Jewish quarters. He was mainly interested in description of Jewish hospitals and pharmacies. The author concludes that Essays by Rafalovich were of great importance for medical research in his time, for example by highlighting the influence of climate, water, and food on the public health of the region. Moreover, his topographic descriptions - including clarifications of riverbeds, directions of mountain chains, and so forth - would have been of interest to the Russian intelligence service, and the activities of Artemy Rafalovich were highly regarded by the Russian government.

scholarly journals The geological history of the Lake Rudolf Basin, Kenya colony

1939 ◽  
Vol 229 (560) ◽  
pp. 219-274 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rift Valley ◽  
Public Works ◽  
General Description ◽  
Geological History ◽  
East African ◽  
The Public ◽  
Geographical Society ◽  
History Of ◽  
African Rift ◽  
At Home

The Lake Rudolf Rift Valley Expedition was designed to carry out many different lines of investigation in the Lake Rudolf Basin. One of the chief of these was a study of the geological history of that part of the East African Rift Valley. The expedition was assisted financially by The Royal Society, The Geological Society of London, The Royal Geographical Society, The Percy Sladen Trustees and the Geographical and Geological Sections of the British Association. A general description of the activities of the Expedition was given in a paper read before the Royal Geographical Society (Fuchs 1935). Owing to the tragic loss of two members of the expedition, Dr W. S. Dyson and Mr W. R. H. Martin, two fruitless months were spent searching for them. Consequently a great amount of the work planned for the east side of the lake had to be abandoned. Nevertheless, the considerable distance travelled within the 50,000 sq. miles of the Rudolf Basin has enabled me to make out the chief events of its geological history. I am very much indebted to all those who assisted us in the field and at home, in particular to the Kenya Government, the Officers of the King’s African Rifles, and Mr H. L. Sikes of the Public Works Department; I would also like to thank Mr A. M. Champion, Provincial Commissioner of Turkana, who wholeheartedly assisted us in every way possible both in the field and at home, for he has placed at my disposal his own excellent topographical maps and his extensive observations on the geology of the area. I am also deeply indebted to Professor O. T. Jones, Mr Henry Woods and Mr W. Campbell Smith for their criticisms. Mr Campbell Smith has also given me provisional identifications of the rocks.

Factions in medieval Egypt

1986 ◽  
Vol 118 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Irwin
Keyword(s):  
Near East ◽  
The Political ◽  
Islamic History ◽  
The Public ◽  
History Of ◽  
Distribution Of Power ◽  
Transmission And Distribution ◽  
Medieval Egypt

“If all you have to tell us is that one barbarian succeeded another barbarian on the banks of the Oxus or Jaxartes, what benefit have you conferred on the public?” Voltaire's question is an awkward one for anyone investigating the transmission and distribution of power in the XVth century Circassian Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt and Syria. Even so the question of factionalism and its role in succession crises and other crises in the history of the Islamic lands has to be tackled, for surely the prevalence of factions in the Near East and our lack of understanding of them does add a certain patina of dullness to much of Islamic history. Faction succeeds to faction as “Amurath to Amurath”, and though Macaulay could find the history of England and its latter part, the struggle of Whig and Tory, to be “emphatically the history of progress”, few people have felt similarly confident about the struggle of Ẓāhirī and Manṣūrī factions in medieval Egypt. It is hard to understand past events without imposing a pattern, and at the political level the gyrations of Egyptian factions do not lend themselves easily to the imposition of pattern.

scholarly journals Early Detection of Periodontitis in Public Health Centres in Malang: An Overview

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanum Nurma Azuro ◽  
Moch Yunus ◽  
Rara Warih Gayatri
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Centres ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Based on the Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) 2018, the incidence of periodontitis in Indonesia was reported at 74.1%, which makes it one of the most common oral health problems in the country. Overall, 2,759 patients, aged 19–64 years underwent periodontal examinations at the Public Health Centres in Malang between January and September 2019. The present study aimed to determine the description of periodontitis patients at the Public Health Centres, Malang, by conducting an early detection of periodontitis against the risk of the disease. This study used a cross-sectional design and a proportional random sampling technique. In total, 277 respondents visited the Public Health Centres in Malang during the study period. The early detection result is based on the number of questionnaire scores on signs, symptoms, and exposures to risk factors for periodontitis, which are divided into three categories: high, moderate, and low risks. The instrument used in this study is a modification of the previous research instrument by Renatus. The result showed that 58 respondents had moderate (21%), 4 (1.4%) had high, and 215 (77.6%) had low risks of periodontitis. Respondents who had a lower risk of periodontitis were more than the respondents who had high and moderate risks of periodontitis. Keywords: periodontitis, history of gingivitis, heredity (family history), oral hygiene, history of tobacco use

scholarly journals SYMON PETLIURA’S LETTER TO MINISTER OF DEFENCE MYKOLA YUNAKIV

2018 ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
V. Shevchenko
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
International Cooperation ◽  
Near East ◽  
International Community ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Documentary Source ◽  
The Public ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
History Of

The publication aims to open to the public epistolary and documentary source for the history of the Ukrainian government in exile in the field of diplomacy and international cooperation. Symon Petliura as Chairman of the Directory of the UNR in his letter to Mykola Yunakiv dated August 28, 1922, reveals the general geopolitical situation in Europe, the Near East and the Caucasus. All important events are described in a letter from these regions he brings to the Ukrainian centered denominator, trying to find a positive exit to "Ukrainian question" among the international community and with the help of a number of factors that have developed at that time in the surrounding lands to Ukraine. Head of the Directory informs the Minister of War on December about the backstage game during the Genoa and Hague conferences expressed himself assumptions about the opportunities opening anti-Bolshevik front in the Caucasus and Central Asia.

Drug consumption among inmates. Differential relationship between substance abuse and criminal repetition / Consumo de drogas en población reclusa. Relación Diferencial entre abuso de sustancias psicoactivas y reincidencia

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Bringas Molleda ◽  
Francisco Javier Rodríguez Díaz ◽  
María de la Villa Moral Jiménez
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Criminal Activity ◽  
Drug Consumption ◽  
The Public ◽  
Causal Direction ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historia De Vida ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Differential Relationship

La asociación entre conducta delictiva y adictiva ha sido debatida en muchos estudios, sin que hoy pueda establecerse una dirección causal. El comportamiento desviado de los individuos es producto de la interrelación de varios elementos de riesgo que hacen más probable su aparición. Uno de estos factores es el consumo de drogas, que a su vez va a estar relacionado a la historia de vida de la persona. Por tanto, este estudio se centra en conocer el uso y abuso que una muestra de internos penitenciarios hace de algunas sustancias, tanto legales como ilegales, y la diferencia en relación con el nivel de reincidencia delictiva, teniendo en cuenta los factores de la edad de su primer ingreso en prisión y el tipo de delito cometido, refiriendo el motivo asociado de ingreso en el establecimiento Penitenciario. Los participantes fueron 157 reclusos del establecimiento penitenciario de Villabona (Asturias), en su mayoría varones (94,9%), cuyas edades abarcan el rango entre 19 y 49 años. En virtud de los resultados, se ha comprobado que la reincidencia se asocia positivamente con el consumo de heroína en aquellos delitos relacionados con la salud pública y la propiedad, siendo en este último significativo los ingresos en el Establecimiento Penitenciario a una edad más temprana. Se discuten las implicaciones de los resultados para lograr una adaptación competente buscando una reducción de la actividad delictiva y su reincidencia.  Abstract The association between criminal and addictive conduct has been debated in many studies, without today a causal direction could be established. The behavior turned aside from the individuals is a product of the interrelationship of several elements of risk that make his appearance more probable. One of these factors is the consumption of drugs, which in turn is going to be related to the history of life of the person. Therefore, this study centres on knowing the use and abuse that a sample of penitentiary boarders does of some substances, both legal and illegal, and the difference in relation with the level of criminal repetition, having in it counts the factors of the age of his first revenue in prison and the type of committed crime, indicating the associate motive of revenue in the Penitentiary establishment. The participants were 157 prisoners of Villabona’s penitentiary establishment (Asturias), in the main males (94,9 %), whose ages include the range between 19 and 49 years. By virtue of the results, there has been verified that the repetition associates positively with the heroine’s consumption in those crimes related to the public health and the property, being in the latter significantly the income in the Penitentiary Establishment to an earlier age. The implications of the results are discussed to achieve a competent adjustment looking for a reduction of the criminal activity and his repetition.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document