Observations on co-existing late-instar caterpillars of the Orange-tip butterfly, Anthocharis cardamines (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Pieridae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 249-256
Author(s):  
Mark R. Shaw ◽  
Helene Otto
Keyword(s):  
Instar Larva ◽  
Predation Event ◽  
Resting Behaviour ◽  
Vespula Vulgaris ◽  
Late Instar ◽  
Anthocharis Cardamines

Co-existence between late instar larvae of Anthocharis cardamines on multiple occupied Lunaria annua plants was monitored in a suburban Edinburgh garden and a stand-off between final instar larvae on Sisymbrium officinale in countryside near Leipzig was recorded photographically. Occupation of mauve-flowered Lunaria plants was significantly higher than white-flowered ones. The notion that the resting behaviour of final instar larva along the top of seed pods camouflages them is challenged. Although not part of that argument, a major predation event by Vespula vulgaris was seen on Lunaria.

Field application and effects of chlorpyrifos residues onSitona discoideus(Coleoptera: Curculionidae) adults and implications for biological control byMicroctonus aethiopoides(Hymenoptera: Braconidae)

1996 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
pp. 559-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.R. McNeill ◽  
L.M. Hunt ◽  
R.B. Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Instar Larva ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Significant Decline ◽  
Late Instar ◽  
Sampling Intervals ◽  
Host Mortality ◽  
Activity Decay ◽  
Parasitoid Development ◽  
Microctonus Aethiopoides

AbstractChlorpyrifos was applied to field lucerne at a rate (0.3 kg/ha) recommended to control the weevilSitona discoideusGyllenhal. The fate of the weevil population and that of the immature stages of its parasitoidMicroctonus aethiopoidesLoan were examined by field sampling. A single application of chlorpyrifos reduced the weevil population by 96.2% 14 days after application. There was no significant decline in the control population between sampling intervals nor a change in the parasitism levels. However, in the insecticide-treated plotsc. 88% of survivors (n=8) were parasitized. The effects of chlorpyrifos residues at 0.3 and 1.0 kg/ha were also examined. At the lower rate, residues producedc. 40–60% weevil mortality for up to 15 days after application although a significant decline in activity only occurred between days 1 and 3. At 1.0 kg/ha, the activity decay curve was much slower with no significant decline in weevil mortality for the first 15 days of the experiment. Weevil gender was shown to be a significant factor influencing mortality. Mortality of unparasitized weevils was also significantly greater than for parasitized hosts while the stage of parasitoid development had a significant effect on mortality. Where parasitoid development was sufficiently advanced, late-instar larva emerged and successfully pupated from cadavers up to 18 h following host mortality. The consequences of applying insecticide to controlS. discoideusas they relate to the parasitoid and the success of biological control are discussed.

Immature stages of the Australian flower-loving fly Apiocera striativentris (Diptera: Apioceridae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4387 (2) ◽  
pp. 394
Author(s):  
DAVID J. FERGUSON ◽  
DAVID K. YEATES
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Head Capsule ◽  
Instar Larva ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Southern South America ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
The Family ◽  
Late Instar

The Apioceridae (Diptera) are relatively large asiloid flies with just over 140 described species worldwide. They are closely related to both Mydidae and Asilidae, and most species are found in Australia and North America, however a handful are found in both southern Africa and southern South America. The immature stages of only one species is known, the Australian beach dune inhabiting species Apiocera maritima Hardy. Like most asiloid larvae, apiocerid larvae are assumed to be predators of other soft-bodied invertebrates in the soil. Anatomically the larvae and pupae are similar to those of closely related families. The larvae are elongate, cream-coloured, subcylindrical and with a small, well-sclerotised head capsule. The pupa has a number of robust processes and spines on the head capsule and rows of distinctive bristles on the abdominal tergites. These spines and bristles are used by the pupa to drill upwards out of the soil prior to adult emergence. Here we describe the late instar larva and pupa of the Australian species A. striativentris Paramonov and compare them to the larva and pupa of the previously described species. Apiocerid larvae have distinctive, rounded abdominal segments 2-5 that may be diagnostic for the family. 

Larval description of Limnephilus atlanticus Nybom 1948, morphological comparison with Limnephilus affinis Curtis 1834, (Trichoptera: Limnephilidae) and additional notes on their ecology in Azores Islands

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4852 (3) ◽  
pp. 372-382
Author(s):  
ANA BALIBREA ◽  
VITOR GONÇALVES ◽  
PEDRO MIGUEL RAPOSEIRO
Keyword(s):  
Instar Larva ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
Morphological Comparison ◽  
Azores Islands ◽  
Late Instar

This study presents the first morphological description and illustration of the late instar larva of Limnephilus atlanticus Nybom 1948, an endemic caddisfly from the Azores. Taxonomic comparisons with a recently recorded limnephilid species, Limnephilus affinis (Limnephilidae), and notes of their ecology and distribution in the Azores are also provided. 

BIOSYSTEMATICS OF THE TINGID PARASITE HOLDAWAYELLA IN ONTARIO (HYMENOPTERA: BRACONIDAE, EUPHORINAE)

1971 ◽  
Vol 103 (9) ◽  
pp. 1273-1284 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. Loan ◽  
G. H. Gerber ◽  
D. G. Reid
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Instar Larva ◽  
Insect Larvae ◽  
New Host ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Late Instar ◽  
A New Species ◽  
New Host Records

AbstractHoldawayella juglandis Loan, a new species, and some aspects of the anatomy of the final-instar larva of the only other known species of this genus, H. tingiphaga Loan, are described. Host records and field data are reported for both species for Ontario. Though the adults of the two species are very similar morphologically, H. juglandis lacks parthenogenesis, is restricted to the tingid Corythucha juglandis Fitch that breeds only on species of Juglans L., and has specific phenological characteristics. In both species, the head sclerites of the final-instar larva are typically euphorine, and the abdomen bears 3 unpaired, medial, teat-like appendages on segments 5, 6, and 7 whose function is unknown and which do not seem to have homologues in other insect larvae. Both species are single-brooded, lay their eggs in late-instar nymphs and possibly also teneral adults of Corythucha, overwinter as first-instar larvae in adults of these tingids, and complete their endoparasitic and cocoon development in about 90 days during the following spring and summer so that adults of H. tingiphaga begin to emerge from the soil about mid-July and those of H. juglandis about 8 days later. New host records for H. tingiphaga are C. coryli O. & D., C. heidmanni Drake, and C. ulmi O. & D.

Fine Structure of the Malpighian Tubules of the Mosquito, Culex pipiens

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 402-403
Author(s):  
Brendan Clifford
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Stellate Cell ◽  
Malpighian Tubule ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Instar Larva ◽  
Malpighian Tubules ◽  
Calliphora Erythrocephala ◽  
Distinct Cell ◽  
Basal Plasma

An ultrastructural investigation of the Malpighian tubules of the fourth instar larva of Culex pipiens was undertaken as part of a continuing study of the fine structure of transport epithelia.Each of the five Malpighian tubules was found to be morphologically identical and regionally undifferentiated. Two distinct cell types, the primary and stellate, were found intermingled along the length of each tubule. The ultrastructure of the stellate cell was previously described in the Malpighian tubule of the blowfly, Calliphora erythrocephala by Berridge and Oschman.The basal plasma membrane of the primary cell is extremely irregular, giving rise to a complex interconnecting network of basal channels. The compartments of cytoplasm entrapped within this system of basal infoldings contain mitochondria, free ribosomes, and small amounts of rough endoplasmic reticulum. The mitochondria are distinctive in that the cristae run parallel to the long axis of the organelle.

Evidence of a predation event on a tagged Mediterranean spearfish (Tetrapturus belone; Pisces, Istiophoridae), inferred from pop-up satellite tagging data

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Danilo Malara ◽  
Pietro Battaglia ◽  
Pierpaolo Consoli ◽  
Erika Arcadi ◽  
Simonepietro Canese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Research Group ◽  
Marine Mammals ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
Pelagic Species ◽  
Archival Tag ◽  
Abiotic Parameters ◽  
Predation Event ◽  
Satellite Tagging ◽  
First Time

The Strait of Messina is located at the centre of the Mediterranean Sea and is considered a biodiversity hotspot and an obligatory seasonal passage for different pelagic species such as sharks, marine mammals, and billfishes. For the first time, in the Strait of Messina, our research group tagged a Mediterranean spearfish (Tetrapturus belone) using a pop-up satellite archival tag (PSAT). The observation of abiotic parameters (depth, light, and temperature) recorded by the PSAT confirmed that the tagged specimen was predated after about nine hours. The tag was then regurgitated 14 days after the tag deployment date. The analysis of collected data seems to indicate that the predator may be an ectothermic shark, most likely the bluntnose sixgill shark (Hexanchus griseus).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document