scholarly journals When Is Cultural Input Central? The Development of Ontological Beliefs About Religious and Scientific Unobservables

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Telli Davoodi ◽  
Jennifer Clegg
Keyword(s):  
Critical Role ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Ontological Status ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
Naive Theories ◽  
Research With Children ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
Cross Cultural Research

Across diverse cultural contexts, children and adults believe in the existence of religious and supernatural unobservables (e.g., gods, angels) as well as scientific and natural unobservables (e.g., germs, oxygen). In this article, we explore the role of cultural input and testimony in children’s developing beliefs in supernatural and natural unobservables as real. We review cross-cultural research with children and adults on their beliefs about the ontological status of religious and scientific unobservables and the epistemic patterns associated with these beliefs. Based on the evidence, we argue that cultural input plays a central role in the development of belief about supernatural unobservables as real, whereas it plays a less critical role in the development of belief about natural unobservables as real. In the latter case, we argue that direct experiences with the natural world combine with children’s naive theories to generate beliefs about natural unobservable entities and processes as real.

scholarly journals Trust within organisations: A cross-cultural research on the role of character perception

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominic McLoughlin ◽  
Maryna Salun ◽  
Emrah Özsoy ◽  
Carroll R. ◽  
Kateryna Zaslavska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
Cross Cultural Research

scholarly journals Consequences of cultural practices on advertising: Rethinking the role of individual’s values versus social norms for cross-cultural research

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-111
Author(s):  
Salman Saleem
Keyword(s):  
International Business ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Power Distance ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Current Debate ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
Cross Cultural Research

The study has contributed to the current debate on the significance of cultural referenced practices over self-reported values in the identification of culture (e.g., Fischer & Schwartz, 2011; Kirkman, Lowe, & Gibson, 2017). The study has examined whether there is a difference in the self-reported values versus cultural-referenced practices concerning masculinity and power distance. Also, which facet of masculinity and power distance, i.e., self-referenced and/or cultural referenced ratings predict the manifestation of such values in the advertising. The study has used a survey method and ask 200 respondents to report masculinity and power distance in their individual behavioural preference, in their social context and the manifestation of masculinity and power distance in advertising. The results show that self-reported and cultural-referenced rating of masculinity and power distance differ significantly. Moreover, the regression analysis shows that the culture-referenced masculinity and power distance predicts the reflection of respective values in advertising, but no such effect of self-reported values are found. Obtained results strengthen the argument that self-reported values did not identify the culture, instead, the normative values did identify the culture. Future international business and cross-cultural corporate governance research should consider the cultural practices of masculinity and power in their cross-cultural investigation.

scholarly journals Inside-Out Interviews: Cross-Cultural Research in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 445-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Sposato ◽  
Heather L. Jeffrey
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Knowledge Creation ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Data Generation ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
Cross Cultural Research ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Inside Out

ABSTRACTThere is a paucity of research exploring the use of local facilitators in cross-cultural research in Chinese cultural contexts and the impact this may have on data generation and knowledge creation. Addressing this gap, this paper critically reflects on cross-cultural interviews in Hong Kong. The reflection is centred on the experience of interviewing as an outsider to the culture of the participants and later working alongside an insider. While insider and outsider positionalities are formed from a multitude of intersectional characteristics, both gender and nationality emerged as primary influencers in this context. This paper contributes to the methodologically oriented literature by making salient the complexities of deciphering the multitude of influences originating from the researcher's positionality in relation to research others. Specifically, this paper highlights how both insider and outsider positionalities generate different, but complementary data through the exploration of participant's responses. ‘It's a Chinese thing’ or comments equating to it's a woman's thing were used by participants to either limit responses or expand and offer additional information, and the juxtaposition of these responses with those given to an insider help to highlight what this might mean for knowledge creation.

Network models can help focus research on the role of culture and context in psychopathology, but don't discount latent variable models

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuwan Jayawickreme ◽  
Andrew Rasmussen ◽  
Alison Karasz ◽  
Jay Verkuilen ◽  
Eranda Jayawickreme
Keyword(s):  
Latent Variable ◽  
Network Models ◽  
Latent Variable Models ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Contextual Variables ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
Cross Cultural Research ◽  
Development Network ◽  
Further Development

AbstractBorsboom et al. correctly note that the use of latent variable models in cross-cultural research has resulted in a futile search for universal, biological causes of psychopathology; however, this is not an inevitable outcome of such models. While network analytic approaches require further development, network models have the potential to better elucidate the role of cultural and contextual variables related to psychopathology.

scholarly journals Religion: The WEIRDest concept in the world?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron D Lightner ◽  
Zachary Garfield ◽  
Edward H Hagen
Keyword(s):  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
Western Psychology ◽  
Client Relationships ◽  
Cross Cultural Research ◽  
The World

Henrich (2020) discusses the role of Christianity in shaping Western psychology and affluence. We expand on his perspective by critically discussing Henrich's account of religions. Drawing on cross-cultural research, we clarify when religions are consistent with Henrich's account of religions, and when they reflect pragmatic specialists who assist clients with rare and uncertain problems. We conclude by considering why Western ethnographers might tend to interpret some practical specialist-client relationships as religions, arguing that theories of "religions" might ironically reflect the WEIRD mindset Henrich describes in his book.

Experiences Conducting Cross-Cultural Research

2011 ◽  
pp. 85-102
Author(s):  
M. Gordon Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Personal Construct ◽  
Chief Information Officers ◽  
Personal Construct Theory ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
Cross Cultural Research ◽  
Construct Theory ◽  
Systems Analysts

When conducting cross-cultural investigations, it is incumbent upon the information systems researcher to be prepared to reflect upon the differences between the frameworks of the researcher and the research participants. Three cross-cultural projects are discussed in this article. The first project, investigating systems analysts, employs the Repertory Grid from personal construct theory (Kelly, 1955, 1963). The second and third projects both employ narrative inquiry (Bruner, 1990). The second project investigates the use of information systems by small business and relies upon multiple regional researchers. The third project, which is currently on-going, investigates the emerging role of chief information officers and is a single researcher venture. These projects have contributed to the information systems field of study and are presented here to provide researchers with ideas for further qualitative cross-cultural investigations.

The role of ‘social contracts' in cross-cultural research

1980 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pieter J. D. Drenth ◽  
Bernhard Wilpert
Keyword(s):  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Social Contracts ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
Cross Cultural Research
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