scholarly journals Extending Goldberg’s bass-ackwards method for delineating hierarchical structural models in individual differences data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam K. Forbes
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Hierarchical Structure ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Structural Models ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Current Approach ◽  
Path Coefficients ◽  
The Hierarchical Structure ◽  
Basic Code ◽  
Multiple Levels

Goldberg’s (2006) bass-ackwards approach to elucidating the hierarchical structure of individual differences data has been used widely to improve our understanding of the relationships among constructs of varying levels of granularity. The traditional approach has been to extract a single component on the first level of the hierarchy, two components on the second level, and so on, treating the correlations between the components on adjoining levels akin to path coefficients in a hierarchical structure. This article proposes three modifications to the current approach with a particular focus on examining associations among all levels of the hierarchy: 1) identify and remove redundant components that perpetuate through multiple levels of the hierarchy; 2) (optionally) identify and remove artefactual components; and 3) plot the strongest component correlations among the remaining components to identify their hierarchical associations. Together these steps can offer a simpler and more complete picture of the underlying hierarchical structure among a set of observed variables. The rationale for each step is described, illustrated in a hypothetical example, and then applied in real data with specific methodological recommendations. The results are compared to the traditional bass-ackwards approach, and basic code is provided to apply the proposed modifications in other data.

scholarly journals Estimation for Varying Coefficient Models with Hierarchical Structure

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Feng Li ◽  
Yajie Li ◽  
Sanying Feng
Keyword(s):  
Variable Selection ◽  
Hierarchical Structure ◽  
Kernel Method ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Unknown Coefficient ◽  
Nonparametric Model ◽  
Finite Sample ◽  
Oracle Properties ◽  
Varying Coefficient ◽  
The Hierarchical Structure

The varying coefficient (VC) model is a generalization of ordinary linear model, which can not only retain strong interpretability but also has the flexibility of the nonparametric model. In this paper, we investigate a VC model with hierarchical structure. A unified variable selection method for VC model is proposed, which can simultaneously select the nonzero effects and estimate the unknown coefficient functions. Meanwhile, the selected model enforces the hierarchical structure, that is, interaction terms can be selected into the model only if the corresponding main effects are in the model. The kernel method is employed to estimate the varying coefficient functions, and a combined overlapped group Lasso regularization is introduced to implement variable selection to keep the hierarchical structure. It is proved that the proposed penalty estimators have oracle properties, that is, the coefficients are estimated as well as if the true model were known in advance. Simulation studies and a real data analysis are carried out to examine the performance of the proposed method in finite sample case.

scholarly journals From exploratory research to structural models: A multilevel lexical approach to studying the image of marketing objects

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-143
Author(s):  
Magdalena Kolańska-Stronka ◽  
Oleg Gorbaniuk ◽  
Michał Wilczewski
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Hierarchical Structure ◽  
Ecological Validity ◽  
Structural Models ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Personality Perception ◽  
The Hierarchical Structure ◽  
Lexical Approach

The key problem in studies of marketing objects (e.g., brands, political parties) is the lack of agreement on the universal dimensions through which such objects are perceived, as well as on methodologies allowing their identification. As a result, researchers often use structural models (and instruments) that lack ecological validity. We offer a solution to that problem by presenting a methodology that draws on lexical research and which has allowed researchers to establish universal dimensions of personality perception in psychology. By discussing the theoretical and methodological tenets of the multilevel lexical approach to exploring images of marketing objects, we also overcome another problem of neglecting the hierarchical structure of the phenomena and data.

Uneven Granular Module Clustering and Intelligent Optimization for Customizable Products

2012 ◽  
Vol 215-216 ◽  
pp. 426-432
Author(s):  
Meng Zhang ◽  
Guo Xi Li ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Jing Zhong Gong
Keyword(s):  
Hierarchical Structure ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Intelligent Optimization ◽  
Pareto Optimal Set ◽  
Fuzzy Similarity ◽  
The Hierarchical Structure ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Granular Layers ◽  
Optimal Set

To solve the problems of the traditional approach to uniform granular module clustering, a new method for module clustering based on uneven granularity and intelligent optimization oriented to the customizable product design was proposed. Considering the impacts of requirements, functions and structures, the integrated fuzzy similarity matrix of parts was built using the correlativity analysis, and then the hierarchical structure was generated through a fuzzy clustering algorithm. All the universes of the granular layers in the hierarchical structure were gathered and the uneven granular module clustering scheme was formally presented. Four quantified indices including customizability index, customer satisfaction degree, design complexity and assembly complexity, were proposed to set up four optimization objective functions. Use nondominated sorting genetic algorithm II to solve the problem in order to obtain the Pareto optimal set. A design case of the single mast storage/retrieval machine was studied to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method.

Parafia unicka w Rachaniach do 1811 roku/ The Uniate Parish in Rachanie until 1811

2012 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janusz Adam Frykowski
Keyword(s):  
Hierarchical Structure ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Holy Communion ◽  
The Hierarchical Structure ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Church ◽  
Ancillary Equipment

AbstractThe following paper depicts the history of Saint Simeon Stylites Uniate Parish in Rachanie since it became known in historical sources until 1811- that is the time it ceased to be an independent church unit. The introduction of the article contains the geographical location of the parish, its size and the position within the hierarchical structure of the Church. Having analysed post-visit inspection protocols left by Chelm Bishops, the appearance as well as fittings and ancillary equipment of the church in Rachanie in that particular period are reported. Moreover, the list of 4 local clergymen is recreated and their benefice is determined. As far as possible, both the number of worshipers and the number of Holy Communion receivers is determined.

Default Logic Models of Certain Inheritance Systems with Exceptions

1993 ◽  
Vol 18 (2-4) ◽  
pp. 129-149
Author(s):  
Serge Garlatti
Keyword(s):  
Hierarchical Structure ◽  
Formal Semantics ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Nonmonotonic Reasoning ◽  
Default Logic ◽  
Representation Systems ◽  
The Hierarchical Structure ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient ◽  
Structure Of Knowledge ◽  
Made In

Representation systems based on inheritance networks are founded on the hierarchical structure of knowledge. Such representation is composed of a set of objects and a set of is-a links between nodes. Objects are generally defined by means of a set of properties. An inheritance mechanism enables us to share properties across the hierarchy, called an inheritance graph. It is often difficult, even impossible to define classes by means of a set of necessary and sufficient conditions. For this reason, exceptions must be allowed and they induce nonmonotonic reasoning. Many researchers have used default logic to give them formal semantics and to define sound inferences. In this paper, we propose a survey of the different models of nonmonotonic inheritance systems by means of default logic. A comparison between default theories and inheritance mechanisms is made. In conclusion, the ability of default logic to take some inheritance mechanisms into account is discussed.

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