A proposal : Relational theory of external factors acting upon biological systems.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
SULEIMAN DAMIEN
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Community ◽  
Biological Systems ◽  
Relational Theory ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Time Lags ◽  
Relational Biology ◽  
Optimal Values

Metabolism-Repair (M,R) systems were concepts of relational biology which were rarely researched since Rosen wrote its foundations from 1958 and to his death, due to a lack of infatuation from the scientific community. We aim, in this article, to represent the effects of external factors on metabolic components, one of the main notions of (M,R) systems. We will firstly study the bases of (M,R) systems, then study the concepts of environment, external factors, tolerance, optimal values, efficiency, and time lags on metabolic components. We finally introduce the principle of eternal imperfectability of diverse biological systems, demonstrating how systems will never be perfect due to external factors acting upon metabolic components.

scholarly journals Animal Models Used in Identifying Gender-Related Differences

2001 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bishop B. Curry
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Nonhuman Primates ◽  
Biological Systems ◽  
Human Experience ◽  
Gender Based

There is general agreement in the scientific community on the need to identify appropriate animal models that can be used to screen for gender-based differences. At the same time, there is a growing expectation for data from these models to mimic or be more predictive of the human experience. The species in this review will include nonhuman primates, rats, mice, rabbits, swine, hamsters, gerbils, quail, and fish. Although some of the models are unique, the gender-related differences, in most instances, may be correlated with man, due to the conservation of biological systems across species.

THE PERIODIC CONTINUOUS EFFECT IN TERMS OF THE ALGEBRAIC RELATIONAL THEORY

1993 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
pp. 89-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.A. LEGUIZAMÓN
Keyword(s):  
Biological Systems ◽  
Relational Theory ◽  
Low Energies ◽  
Continuous Responses

An algebraic relational theory is being developed in order to represent biological systems. As a result, it is possible to explain, in terms of qualitative relationships, the behaviors of such systems. This paper deals with the periodic continuous responses of a new state derived from the interaction between low energies and matter. This effect was predicted by categoric developments of the algebraic relational theory.

scholarly journals Identifying Endogenous and Exogenous Indicators to Measure Eco-Innovation within Clusters

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 6088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nohora Mercado-Caruso ◽  
Marival Segarra-Oña ◽  
David Ovallos-Gazabon ◽  
Angel Peiró-Signes
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Community ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Industrial Clusters ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Innovation Model ◽  
Joint Study

Scientific and business environment literature shows that green, sustainable innovation or eco-innovation has proven to be a source of competitive advantage today. The industrial clusters, their dynamism, and the synergies created within them attract a lot of attention from the scientific community. However, to date, the joint study of these two concepts and, more specifically, the factors that drive eco-innovation specifically in a cluster, have not been studied in depth. This article models eco-innovation in industrial clusters, thus addressing this gap and proposing a model based on information gathered from the literature and a detailed analysis of behavior in relation to eco-innovation in different sectors. Results suggest that including eco-innovation variables and measures may have positive implications such as improvements at the strategic level and the reduction of costs and use of resources. An eco-innovation model for clusters is proposed. It considers eight key factors that seek to raise its competitive level by promoting eco-innovation within clusters. The model includes five internal factors that analyze business capabilities and three external factors that study the effect of launching eco-innovative activities. This model could help the companies’ managers and those responsible for clusters in creating more successful strategies to increase competitiveness by enhancing eco-innovation. It could also serve as a guide for government entities in the performance of eco-innovative activities in economic sectors.

On the computability of affordances as relations

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-256
Author(s):  
Jonathan R.A. Maier
Keyword(s):  
Computer Science ◽  
Engineering Design ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Relational Theory ◽  
Precise Definition ◽  
Relational Model ◽  
Relational Biology ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Engineering Physics

AbstractOne of the principal advantages of affordance-based design is that Gibson's theory of affordances is a relational theory, akin to other relational approaches such as relational biology and relational computer science. The relationships between artifacts and their designers and users are of such primary importance that only a theory that is able to deal with those relationships directly appears to be sufficient for describing the wide breadth of problems in engineering design. However, there is no precise definition for what qualifies as a relational theory. In mathematics, we do find something approaching a theory of relations, dating back at least to Charles Peirce's Logic of Relatives around 1870. While rather general, Peirce's ideas on the subject laid the foundation for advances in the 20th century, including the relational model of databases. This paper is a first attempt at applying the mathematics of relations to affordances, with the aim of more precisely characterizing affordances, which heretofore have been difficult to define and, lacking appropriate mathematics, nearly impossible to subject to computation. Meanwhile, the implicit computability of affordances as relations is demonstrated by examples drawn from engineering, physics, computer science, biology, and architecture.

Supercomputers in Modeling of Biological Systems

2015 ◽  
pp. 201-222
Author(s):  
Randall Maples ◽  
Sindhura Ramasahayam ◽  
Gerard G. Dumancas
Keyword(s):  
Biological Networks ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Biological Systems ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Protein Structures ◽  
Living Organism ◽  
Binding Site Identification ◽  
Biological Entities ◽  
Site Identification ◽  
Protein Surface Interactions

Modeling of biological systems has become an important facet in today's scientific community because it has aided in the simulation of the minute biological entities comprising a living individual. With the advent in the advances of supercomputers, most challenges in understanding the complexities of biological networks and processes occurring in the human body can now be understood. Proteins, which are large biomolecules comprised of amino acids, play a critical role in the proper functioning of a living organism, and, thus, the prediction of its structure is essential in medicine for drug design or in biotechnology, such as in the designing of novel enzymes. This chapter focuses on how supercomputers facilitate in the prediction of protein structures in its different forms, modeling of protein-ligand binding site identification, as well as in the protein-surface interactions modeling.

scholarly journals A Multicellular Network Mechanism for Temperature-Robust Food Sensing

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhaval S. Patel ◽  
Giovanni Diana ◽  
Eugeni V. Entchev ◽  
Mei Zhan ◽  
Hang Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Gene Network ◽  
Biological Systems ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Environmental Cues ◽  
Complex Environments ◽  
Network Change ◽  
Gene Environment ◽  
External Cues ◽  
Network Mechanism

AbstractResponsiveness to external cues is a hallmark of biological systems. In complex environments, organisms must remain responsive to specific inputs even as other internal or external factors fluctuate. Here we show how Caenorhabditis elegans can discriminate between food levels to modulate lifespan despite temperature perturbations. While robustness of fixed outputs has been described, our findings uncover a more complex robustness process that maintains food-responsiveness. This end-to-end robustness from environment to physiology is mediated by food-sensing neurons that communicate via TGF-β and serotonin signals to form a multicellular gene network. Mechanistically, specific regulations in this network change with temperature to maintain similar food-responsiveness in the lifespan output. Together, our findings provide a basis for gene-environment interactions and unveil computations that integrate environmental cues to govern physiology.

Transmission Electron Microscopy of Protein Macromolecules

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 424-425
Author(s):  
Henry S. Slayter
Keyword(s):  
Biological Systems ◽  
Metal Vapor ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
The Past ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Transmission Electron

Electron microscopic methods have been applied increasingly during the past fifteen years, to problems in structural molecular biology. Used in conjunction with physical chemical methods and/or Fourier methods of analysis, they constitute powerful tools for determining sizes, shapes and modes of aggregation of biopolymers with molecular weights greater than 50, 000. However, the application of the e.m. to the determination of very fine structure approaching the limit of instrumental resolving power in biological systems has not been productive, due to various difficulties such as the destructive effects of dehydration, damage to the specimen by the electron beam, and lack of adequate and specific contrast. One of the most satisfactory methods for contrasting individual macromolecules involves the deposition of heavy metal vapor upon the specimen. We have investigated this process, and present here what we believe to be the more important considerations for optimizing it. Results of the application of these methods to several biological systems including muscle proteins, fibrinogen, ribosomes and chromatin will be discussed.

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