scholarly journals The Institutionalized Stratification of the Chinese Higher Education System

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Shu ◽  
Cassidy R. Sugimoto ◽  
Vincent Larivière
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Education System ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Research Performance ◽  
Research Capacity ◽  
Chinese Higher Education ◽  
Research System ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
System P

To promote research excellence, China’s government has been offering substantial financial support for a small group of selected universities through three national research programs (i.e., Project 211, Project 985, Double First Class). However, admission to these programs is not merit-based; based on a statistical analysis of Chinese universities’ scientific activities, this paper shows that this institutionalized hierarchy is not supported by empirical data on research performance, which contributes to inequalities and inefficiencies in Chinese higher education. To build and maintain research capacity, China must support meritocracy across the research system.

scholarly journals The institutionalized stratification of the Chinese higher education system

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 327-334
Author(s):  
Fei Shu ◽  
Cassidy R. Sugimoto ◽  
Vincent Larivière
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Education System ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Research Performance ◽  
Research Capacity ◽  
Chinese Higher Education ◽  
Research System ◽  
Higher Education System

Abstract To promote research excellence, China’s government has been offering substantial financial support for a small group of selected universities through three national research programs (Project 211, Project 985, Double First Class). However, admission to these programs may not be completely merit based. Based on a statistical analysis of Chinese universities’ scientific activities, this paper shows that this institutionalized hierarchy is not supported by empirical data on research performance, which contributes to inequalities and inefficiencies in Chinese higher education. To build and maintain research capacity, China must support meritocracy across the research system.

scholarly journals Expansion and Differentiation in Chinese Higher Education

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Liu ◽  
Xiaoyan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Education System ◽  
Chinese Higher Education ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
National Universities

The expansion and reconstruction of the Chinese higher education system over the last decade has resulted in increased decentralization, differentiation, and privatization of the system. Chinese higher education has evolved into a hierarchical and diversified system, with national universities at the top. Through the differentiated expansion of four- and two-year programs, particularly along disciplinary lines, the diversity of higher education provision has been greatly enhanced.

The Diverse US Higher Education System

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert B. Archibald
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Education System ◽  
Liberal Arts ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Colleges And Universities ◽  
Striking Feature ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
American Higher Education ◽  
System P

The American higher education system consists of over 4,700 institutions educating over twenty-one million students. The most striking feature of this system is its diversity. There is no “typical college.” Much of the story about the future of America’s four-year higher education institutions is found in their differences, not their similarities. Schools are public and private, large and small, elite and open enrollment, tuition dependent and well endowed, liberal arts oriented and vocational. The challenges facing America’s colleges and universities will affect the diverse parts of this system in very different ways. Generalizing about this system can be very dangerous.

scholarly journals The Amalgamation of Chinese Higher Education Institutions

2002 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Y. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Education System ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Chinese Higher Education ◽  
Reform Process ◽  
Administrative System ◽  
Revolutionary Change ◽  
After Effects ◽  
Higher Education System

The 1990s witnessed revolutionary change in China's higher education system, particularly through radical mergers. The reform process and its background are detailed here, with a case study focusing on Zhejiang University. After nearly 15 years of painstaking effort, the reform goals for the higher education system have been met, and a decentralized, two-tiered administrative system has been installed. However, the most hotly debated reform has been the amalgamation of universities. The need to optimize China's system of higher education has a background dating back about 50 years, when the first reordering of higher education took place. The reordering and its results are described, and the causes and after effects of this reform are detailed.

scholarly journals A CASE STUDY OF "HABITUS" AND "FIELD": THE CHINESE RURAL STUDENTS ON THE UNIVERSITY CAMPUS

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-64
Author(s):  
Jingyi Dong
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Education System ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Rural Students ◽  
Chinese Higher Education ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
Education Inequality ◽  
Financial Pressure ◽  
The University

This research focuses its inquiry on the economic aspect of rural university students' life in China, but the discussion goes beyond the economic field. Massification in the Chinese higher education system has increased the chance for rural youths to receive tertiary education. However, there is rarely sufficient data to record their status quo on the campus. This research intends to fill up the gap by making a comparison between the rural students who are located at different levels in the higher education system. This comparative analysis eventually leads to such findings: Those at the higher extreme of the hierarchy, who have more subsidies, tend to experience more frustration under financial pressure than those at the lower extreme, who are insufficiently funded. Presumably, the former are more directly exposed to rural-urban disparity. While the latter experience less frustration, they are less prepared to impacts from the unfamiliar urban society. The research, eventually going beyond the economic problems, has exposed a process in which the rural youths are victimized by the system that discriminates against the Chinese peasants, in which the higher education system plays a critical role. Key words: higher education, inequality, poverty, rural students.

Authentic leadership, power and social identities: A call for justice in Indian higher education system

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chetan Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Education System ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Social Identities ◽  
Social Categories ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
System P ◽  
Indian Higher Education ◽  
The University ◽  
University Settings

The current socio-political situation in India has gradually shifted the meaning of leader, power and identity in the Indian higher education system. Normalizing the diverse voices, oppression, concretizing the social categories and policing of education created a crisis of ethics. The majoritarian and populist leadership took the shape of an authentic leader, representing the identities of the groups who prejudice towards the minorities. The higher education systems such as universities have become a seat of monitoring and limiting dissenting voices and a neoliberal wave has taken over the whole system in the name of morality, nationalism and religious dominance. This article presents a critical analysis of leadership in the university settings and the way leadership processes are considered to be authentic and ethical in a cultural context.

Chinese Open Universities

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 18-30
Author(s):  
Xiaobin Li
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Education System ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Chinese Higher Education ◽  
Chinese Education ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
The World

Chinese education has a long history, and the Chinese higher education system is the largest in the world, but open universities in China are not at the same level as they are in developed countries. This article provides an overview of the recent development in the open universities system in China. Specifically, the article discusses the positive impact open universities have and the difficulties they need to deal with. The potential for further developing Chinese open universities is considered. In addition, challenges are discussed, and recommendations are made for improving these open universities.

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