scholarly journals Virtual reality-based cognitive healthcare interventions: User-centered design considerations, guidelines and framework

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebeca I. García-Betances ◽  
María Fernanda Cabrera-Umpiérrez ◽  
María Teresa Arredondo Waldmeyer
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Substantial Improvement ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
User Centered Design ◽  
General Acceptance ◽  
Road Map ◽  
Healthcare Interventions ◽  
The One ◽  
User Centered

Design of computer-based non-pharmacological cognitive healthcare interventions for people afflicted by chronic neurodegenerative impairments must be soundly informed by and clearly centered on users’ distinctive disabilities. In this article we present a use-oriented analysis of those cognitive interventions intended for healthcare of patients with Alzheimer’s dementia and related disorders that use human-computer interaction based on virtual reality technology. The analysis identifies the most important strengths and weakness, and describes and assesses the main key opportunities and challenges inherent to the use of this type of cognitive healthcare interventions. The most critical specific usability concerns that considerably affect these interventions are described in order to be directly addressed during a user-centered design process. Significant evaluation issues that still trouble these interventions’ general acceptance are also included. On the basis of this analysis, appropriate actions are recommended to help minimize accessibility and usability issues. Finally, concrete design guidelines, and a framework with its road map are proposed to direct the design process. The proposed framework’s more outstanding features and functionalities are described in relation to user-centered design conceptualization, implementation and assessment. The use of a consistent user-centered design methodology, such as the one proposed here to tackle the main critical obstacles, could turn out to become the key that allows to achieve a substantial improvement of VR-based cognitive healthcare interventions effectiveness.

scholarly journals Using Operational Scenarios in a Virtual Reality Enhanced Design Process

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 448
Author(s):  
Katie Aylward ◽  
Joakim Dahlman ◽  
Kjetil Nordby ◽  
Monica Lundh
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Design Process ◽  
User Interfaces ◽  
End Users ◽  
Concept Development ◽  
User Centered Design ◽  
User Testing ◽  
Training And Education ◽  
Design Processes ◽  
User Centered

Maritime user interfaces for ships’ bridges are highly dependent on the context in which they are used, and rich maritime context is difficult to recreate in the early stages of user-centered design processes. Operations in Arctic waters where crews are faced with extreme environmental conditions, technology limitations and a lack of accurate navigational information further increase this challenge. There is a lack of research supporting the user-centered design of workplaces for hazardous Arctic operations. To meet this challenge, this paper reports on the process of developing virtual reality-reconstructed operational scenarios to connect stakeholders, end-users, designers, and human factors specialists in a joint process. This paper explores how virtual reality-reconstructed operational scenarios can be used as a tool both for concept development and user testing. Three operational scenarios were developed, implemented in a full mission bridge simulator, recreated in virtual reality (VR), and finally tested on navigators (end-users). Qualitative data were captured throughout the design process and user-testing, resulting in a thematic analysis that identified common themes reflecting the experiences gained throughout this process. In conclusion, we argue that operational scenarios, rendered in immersive media such as VR, may be an important and reusable asset when supporting maritime design processes and in maritime training and education.

Usability Evaluation of Alzheimer’s mHealth Applications for Caregivers

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 503-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janetta Brown ◽  
Hyung Nam Kim
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
User Centered Design ◽  
Card Sorting ◽  
App Development ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Healthcare Interventions ◽  
Home Based Care ◽  
Mhealth Apps ◽  
User Centered

As the sixth leading cause of death within the United States, Alzheimer’s disease affects over 15 million caregivers administering home-based care for loved ones having this illness. The rise in advocacy for mobile health (mHealth) applications (apps) to facilitate chronic disease management presents a tremendous platform for Alzheimer’s caregivers to utilize mHealth apps while administering care. Although mHealth apps serve as potential healthcare interventions, little is known regarding their usability. This study will advance knowledge on the apps’ usability and provide user-centered design guidelines for future app development. Keyword searches in Apple and Google App Stores yielded 43 Alzheimer’s apps. Card sorting then generated three levels of categories for app classification. Stratified random sampling produced a sample size of six apps selected for review. Lastly, a heuristic evaluation of the six sampled apps was conducted according to Nielsen’s ten usability heuristics. User-centered design guidelines were constructed to remedy problematic usability issues for the intended users of these apps.

scholarly journals A Virtual Reality Interface for the Design of Compliant Mechanisms

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Utkarsh Seth ◽  
Hai-Jun Su ◽  
Judy M. Vance
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Compliant Mechanisms ◽  
Compliant Mechanism ◽  
Current Method ◽  
Motion Path ◽  
User Centered Design ◽  
Design Algorithm ◽  
Constraint Sets ◽  
User Centered

The objective of this research is to develop an immersive interface and a design algorithm to facilitate the synthesis of compliant mechanisms from a user-centered design perspective. Compliant mechanisms are mechanical devices which produce motion or force through deflection or flexibility of their parts. Using the constraint-based method of design, the design process relies on the designer to identify the appropriate constraint sets to match the desired motion. Currently this approach requires considerable prior knowledge of how non-linear flexible members produce motion. As a result, the design process is based primarily on the designer’s previous experience and intuition. A user-centered methodology is suggested where the interface guides the designer throughout the design process, thus reducing the reliance on intuitive knowledge. This methodology supports constraint-based design methods by linking mathematical models to support compliant mechanism design in an immersive virtual environment. A virtual reality (VR) immersive interface enables the designer to input the intended motion path by simply grabbing and moving the object and letting the system decide which constraint spaces apply. The user-centered paradigm supports an approach that focuses on the designer defining the motion and the system generating the constraint sets, instead of the current method which relies heavily on the designer’s intuition to identify appropriate constraints. The result is an intelligent design framework that will allow a broader group of engineers to design complex compliant mechanisms, giving them new options to draw upon when searching for design solutions to critical problems.

scholarly journals A User Centered Methodology for the Design of Smart Apparel for Older Users

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 2804
Author(s):  
Silvia Imbesi ◽  
Sofia Scataglini
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Quality Function Deployment ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Comparison Method ◽  
User Centered Design ◽  
Smart Clothing ◽  
Older Users ◽  
Smart Garments ◽  
General Response ◽  
User Centered

Smart clothing plays a big role to foster innovation and to. boost health and well-being, improving the quality of the life of people, especially when addressed to niche users with particular needs related to their health. Designing smart apparel, in order to monitor physical and physiological functions in older users, is a crucial asset that user centered design is exploring, balancing needs expressed by the users with technological requirements related to the design process. In this paper, the authors describe a user centered methodology for the design of smart garments based on the evaluation of users’ acceptance of smart clothing. This comparison method can be considered as similar to a simplified version of the quality function deployment tool, and is used to evaluate the general response of each garment typology to different categories of requirements, determining the propensity of the older user to the utilization of the developed product. The suggested methodology aims at introducing in the design process a tool to evaluate and compare developed solutions, reducing complexity in design processes by providing a tool for the comparison of significant solutions, correlating quantitative and qualitative factors.

Developing Clinical Decision Support System for Sleep Staging Tasks by Formulating Explanations from Artificial Intelligence: User-Centered Design and Evaluation. (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeonghwan Hwang ◽  
Taeheon Lee ◽  
Honggu Lee ◽  
Seonjeong Byun
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Clinical Decision Support ◽  
User Study ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Sleep Staging ◽  
User Centered Design ◽  
Iterative Design ◽  
User Centered

BACKGROUND Despite the unprecedented performances of deep learning algorithms in clinical domains, full reviews of algorithmic predictions by human experts remain mandatory. Under these circumstances, artificial intelligence (AI) models are primarily designed as clinical decision support systems (CDSSs). However, from the perspective of clinical practitioners, the lack of clinical interpretability and user-centered interfaces block the adoption of these AI systems in practice. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to develop an AI-based CDSS for assisting polysomnographic technicians in reviewing AI-predicted sleep staging results. This study proposed and evaluated a CDSS that provides clinically sound explanations for AI predictions in a user-centered fashion. METHODS User needs for the system were identified during interviews with polysomnographic technicians. User observation sessions were conducted to understand the workflow of the practitioners during sleep scoring. Iterative design process was performed to ensure easy integration of the tool into clinical workflows. Then, we evaluated the system with polysomnographic technicians. We measured the improvements in sleep staging accuracies after adopting our tool and assessed qualitatively how the participants perceived and used the tool. RESULTS The user study revealed that technicians desire explanations relevant to key electroencephalogram (EEG) patterns for sleep staging when assessing the correctness of the AI predictions. Here, technicians could evaluate whether AI models properly locate and use those patterns during prediction. Based on this, information in AI models that is closely related to sleep EEG patterns was formulated and visualized during the iterative design process. Furthermore, we developed a different visualization strategy for each pattern based on the way the technicians interpreted the EEG recordings with these patterns during their workflows. Generally, the tool evaluation results from the nine polysomnographic technicians were positive. Quantitatively, technicians achieved better classification performances after reviewing the AI-generated predictions with the proposed system; classification accuracies measured with Macro-F1 scores improved from 60.20 to 62.71. Qualitatively, participants reported that the provided information from the tool effectively supported them, and they were able to develop notable adoption strategies for the tool. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that formulating clinical explanations for automated predictions using the information in the AI with a user-centered design process is an effective strategy for developing a CDSS for sleep staging.

scholarly journals User-centered design of a patient’s work station for haptic robot-based telerehabilitation after stroke

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Ivanova ◽  
Michael Minge ◽  
Henning Schmidt ◽  
Manfred Thüring ◽  
Jörg Krüger
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Discharge ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Neurological Rehabilitation ◽  
User Centered Design ◽  
Work Station ◽  
Rehabilitation Training ◽  
Robotic Therapy ◽  
Rehabilitation Hospitals ◽  
Early Phases ◽  
User Centered

Abstract:Robotic therapy devices have been an important part of clinical neurological rehabilitation for several years. Until now such devices are only available for patients receiving therapy inside rehabilitation hospitals. Since patients should continue rehabilitation training after hospital discharge at home, intelligent robotic rehab devices could help to achieve this goal. This paper presents therapeutic requirements and early phases of the user-centered design process of the patient’s work station as part of a novel robot-based system for motor telerehabilitation.

scholarly journals Preflight Weather Decision Support Tool (PWDST): User-Centered Design Process and Usability Validation

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 1915-1919
Author(s):  
Jayde King ◽  
John Kleber ◽  
Ashlee Harris ◽  
Barbara Chaparro ◽  
Beth Blickensderfer
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
General Aviation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
User Centered Design ◽  
Accident Rate ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Perceived Usability ◽  
User Centered

General Aviation flight operations have been negatively affected by the slow decreasing weather related accident rate for the last 20 years. Upon further investigation, research suggests, that poor preflight planning and a lack of aviation weather experience and knowledge may be contributing factors to the stagnant weather related accident rate. Our team developed a Preflight Weather Decision Support Tool (PWDST) to help novice pilots access, interpret, and apply weather information. We used a user-centered design process which involved an initial task analysis, low-fidelity prototyping, low-fidelity usability testing, user interviews and expert review. This study assessed and compared the perceived usability, difficulty, and the system assistance satisfaction of the PWDST. Participants (n=9) completed a usability study and a series of surveys during, as well as, after the completion of the preflight planning scenario. A series of Mann-Whitney U Tests were conducted to compare the difference between Private Pilot and Certified Flight Instructors (CFI) perceived usability, difficulty, and system assistance satisfaction ratings. Results indicated, there were no significant differences between group ratings. Overall, both groups reported above average usability, system assistance and low difficulty rating for the PWDST. Future research and possible implications are discussed.

scholarly journals A study of the role of user-centered design methods in design team projects

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin Lai ◽  
Tomonori Honda ◽  
Maria C. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Design Team ◽  
Design Teams ◽  
User Centered Design ◽  
Design Problems ◽  
Team Projects ◽  
Process And Outcome ◽  
Iterative Evaluation ◽  
User Centered

AbstractUser-centered approaches to design can guide teams toward an understanding of users and aid teams in better posing design problems. This paper investigates the role of user-centered design approaches in design process and outcome within the context of design team projects. The value of interaction with users is examined at several stages throughout the design process. The influence of user-centered design on the performance of design teams is also explored. Results suggest that the quantity of interactions with users and time spent interacting with users alone is not linked with better design outcome, but that iterative evaluation of concepts by users may be of particular value to design prototypes. Suggestions are made based on the reflections from the authors after conducting this study.

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