scholarly journals Preferences and beliefs in intergroup conflict

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Columbus ◽  
Isabel Thielmann ◽  
Ingo Zettler ◽  
Robert Böhm
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Social Identity Theory ◽  
Identity Theory ◽  
Intergroup Conflict ◽  
Negative Reciprocity ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Natural Groups ◽  
Relative Standing

Participation in intergroup conflict is often framed as a matter of ‘in-group love’ or ‘out-group hate’. Indeed, theoretical accounts including social identity theory and parochial altruism suggest that such group-based preferences are inextricably linked. According to this view, individuals engage in intergroup conflict, including harmful behaviour towards out-group members, in order to improve the relative standing of their in-group. However, individuals may also engage in intergroup conflict to reciprocate beneficial behaviour from their in-group members or harmful behaviour from out-group members. We elicited both preferences towards in-group and out- group members and beliefs about in-group and out-group members’ behaviours prior to playing an experimental conflict game with natural groups (N = 973). In this game, individuals could engage in costly behaviour to either benefit their in-group (without consequences to the out-group) or to both benefit their in-group and harm the out-group. In this setting, both preferences and beliefs contributed to explaining in-group beneficial and out-group harming behaviour. However, beliefs played an overall stronger role than preferences in explaining behaviour. This suggests that participation in intergroup conflict is better explained by positive and negative reciprocity than purely by group-based preferences.

A Social Identity Perspective on the Legalization of Marijuana in the United States

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Geiger-Oneto ◽  
Travis Simkins
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Social Identity Theory ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Identity Theory ◽  
Medical Marijuana ◽  
The United States ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Recreational Marijuana ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Medical Marijuana Use

Using Social Identity Theory, this article explores the process by which a stigmatized consumption practice, namely recreational and medical marijuana use, has been gaining regulatory and normative legitimacy. An online panel (N=432) was surveyed about motivations to support the transition of a market from illegal to legal status from people who do not intend to directly participate in it. Consistent with Social Identity Theory, results indicated that that: (1) marijuana users reported a higher level of support for the legalization of medical and recreational marijuana than non-users; (2) status insecurity enhanced the level of support for legalizing medical marijuana among in-group members and decreased the level of support for out-group members (those not identifying with marijuana users). In addition, results suggested that non-users may engage in legitimation practices to benefit their communities rather than promoting individual level benefits. Overall, the present research provides a link between the micro level motivational processes of group members to support/oppose the transition of an illegal market to one with regulatory legitimacy.

Learning Who We Are From Our Leaders

2017 ◽  
pp. 586-602
Author(s):  
Michael A. Hogg
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Social Identity Theory ◽  
Identity Theory ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Organizational Leaders ◽  
The Social ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Or Organization ◽  
Concept Group

A key feature of group and organizational learning is the process through which people learn the group or organization’s distinctive normative characteristics and social identity and therefore who one is and how one should behave as a member of the group or organization. In this chapter I draw on social identity theory and the social identity theory of leadership to argue that people derive an important part of their identity from the groups they belong to, including work groups and organizations. They internalize, through a process of self-categorization, these group normative attributes as self-attributes that prescribe behavior. Because group and organizational norms define and prescribe one’s self-concept, group members are vigilant for reliable information about the group’s norms and identity. They typically look to group and organizational leaders for this information.

CONFLICT: THE PARABLE OF THE GOOD SAMARITAN JESUS AND THE REDUCTION OF INTERGROUP IN THE LIGHT OF SOCIAL IDENTITY THEORY

2000 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Esler
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
New Testament ◽  
Social Identity Theory ◽  
Identity Theory ◽  
Intergroup Conflict ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Good Samaritan ◽  
History Of ◽  
Moral Behaviour ◽  
Crossed Categorization

AbstractThis article explores the Parable of the Good Samaritan in its immediate context (Luke 10:25-37), a central New Testament passage, both to assess its meaning for Luke's audience and also to suggest its pertinence to contemporary interest in reducing intergroup tension and conflict, especially between ethnic groups. The article first discusses social identity theory, which was developed by Henri Tajfel et al. and which deals with how groups provide their members a valued sense of identity through (often violent) differentiation from other groups. After next describing the violent history of the intergroup relationship between Judeans and Samaritans, as reflected in New Testament passages such as Luke 9:51-55, the article then presents an analysis of Luke 10:15-37 aimed at determining how Jesus uses the parable to subvert the connection between Judean group identity and the Mosaic law and to propose a new approach to moral behaviour. These exegetical results are then analysed in the light of three approaches to reducing intergroup conflict (crossed categorization, recategorization and decategorization) and the latter is found to be most analogous to the approach taken by the Lucan Jesus. The conclusion suggests the relevance of the parable to contemporary efforts to eliminate intergroup conflict.

scholarly journals Social Identity Theory and Communication

Communication ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles M. Rowling
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Social Identity Theory ◽  
Social Group ◽  
Group Identity ◽  
Identity Theory ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Academic Disciplines ◽  
The Social ◽  
Group Members

In the 1970s, scholars in social psychology began exploring the process by which individuals attach their own identity to the groups in which they associate. This gave rise to social identity theory, which rests on the notion that, through largely unconscious cognitive processes, individuals who value and closely identify with a particular social group (e.g., familial, ethnic, religious, gender, partisan, national, etc.) will tend to take on characteristics and exhibit behaviors that are consistent with positive attributes associated with that group. Social identity theory also suggests that individuals do more than merely identify with the social groups to which they belong; they also derive comfort, security, and self-esteem from these groups. As a result, group members often engage in favoritism toward their own social group and, at times, denigration of other social groups as a way to protect or enhance their own group identity. Because individuals identify with multiple groups, the concept of salience is also crucial to our understanding of social identity theory. Specifically, individuals will seek to protect or enhance a particular group identity (through words or actions) when they perceive it to be threatened or they sense an opportunity to promote or enhance it. Given the obvious import and relevance of these dynamics to various aspects of society, research on social identity theory has grown exponentially over the past several decades, especially within the social sciences. Scholars in the fields of psychology, sociology, political science, and communication, for example, have increasingly paid attention to and incorporated social identity theory into their study of everything from how politicians communicate to how people vote to how people interact with other cultures. Notably, within the field of communication, the value of social identity theory rests with its ability to explain or predict messaging and response behaviors when a particular group identity is made salient. Thus, social identity theory is a robust theoretical framework that, in recent years, has had broad appeal and application across a number of academic disciplines. With a focus on the intersection of social identity theory and communication research, this article seeks to identify the foundational works within this area of research, recognize the primary journals in which this research can be found, discuss the key concepts and terms associated with this research, and explore how social identity theory has evolved both theoretically and empirically since its inception in the 1970s.

Relaying Rio Through an Australian Gaze: Australian Nationalistic Broadcast Focus in the 2016 Summer Olympic Games

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olan Scott ◽  
Andrew Billings ◽  
Qingru Xu ◽  
Stirling Sharpe ◽  
Melvin Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Social Identity Theory ◽  
Olympic Games ◽  
Identity Theory ◽  
Prime Time ◽  
Media Consumption ◽  
Categorization Theory ◽  
Athletic Success ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Insight Into

This study explored how potential national biases unfolded within the Australian broadcast of the 2016 Rio Summer Olympics. Applying social identity theory and self-categorization theory, this study content analyzed a total of 45 prime time broadcast hours of Australia’s Seven Network’s coverage of the Rio Games. Although the majority of top 20 most-mentioned athletes were Australian, non-Australian athletes were mentioned more frequently regarding total name mentions. Moreover, Australian athletes and non-Australian athletes were described in significantly different manners when ascribing reasons for athletic success and failure. This study contributed to the literature by uncovering how in-group members were portrayed in the Australian sports context while also providing insight into how consumers’ media consumption could potentially affect how the network broadcast the Olympics from a nationally partisan perspective.

Musical taste, in-group favoritism, and social identity theory: Re-testing the predictions of the self-esteem hypothesis

2020 ◽  
pp. 030573561989915
Author(s):  
Adam J Lonsdale
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Social Identity Theory ◽  
Identity Theory ◽  
Group Identification ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Self ◽  
Musical Style ◽  
Musical Taste ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Positive Correlations

Musical taste is thought to function as a social “badge” of group membership, contributing to an individual’s sense of social identity. Following from this, social identity theory predicts that individuals should perceive those who share their musical tastes more favorably than those who do not. Social identity theory also asserts that this in-group favoritism is motivated by the need to achieve, maintain, or enhance a positive social identity and self-esteem (i.e., the “self-esteem hypothesis”). The findings of the present study supported both of these predictions. Participants rated fans of their favorite musical style significantly more favorably than fans of their least favorite musical style. The present findings also offer, for the first time, evidence of significant positive correlations between an individual’s self-esteem and the in-group bias shown to those who share their musical tastes. However, significant relationships with in-group identification also indicate that self-esteem is unlikely to be the sole factor responsible for this apparent in-group bias. Together these findings suggest that those who share our musical taste are likely to be regarded as in-group members and will be subject to in-group favoritism according to our self-esteem and how strongly we identify with our fellow music fans.

Can modern racism theory or social identity theory account for opposition to reparations for historical harms?

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jillian C. Banfield ◽  
Craig W. Blatz ◽  
Katherine B. Starzyk ◽  
Michael A. Ross
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Social Identity Theory ◽  
Identity Theory ◽  
Modern Racism
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