Enhanced methamphetamine-induced conditioned place preference in risk-taking rats

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsumasa Takahashi ◽  
Michimasa Toyoshima ◽  
Yukio Ichitani ◽  
Kazuo Yamada
Keyword(s):  
Conditioned Place Preference ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Drug Dependence ◽  
Preference Test ◽  
Preference Score ◽  
Place Preference ◽  
High Reward ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Risk Taking Behaviors ◽  
Reinstatement Test

Patients with psychiatric disorders, such as gambling and substance use, tend to exhibit maladaptive decision-making. In this study, we assessed individual differences in risk-taking behaviors using a rat gambling task (GT) and investigated the relationship between risk-taking behaviors and vulnerability to drug dependence using methamphetamine (METH)-induced conditioned place preference (CPP). In the GT using a radial arm maze, male Long-Evans rats were trained to choose one of three choice arms (a low-risk/low-reward (L-L), a high-risk/high-reward (H-H), and an empty arm) in 16 trials per day for 14 days. METH-induced CPP consisted of 6 sessions: habituation, conditioning, preference test (Test I), extinction, extinction test (Test II), and reinstatement test (Test III). Results demonstrated that the percentage of choosing the H-H arm was significantly positively correlated with the preference score for the METH-paired compartment in the preference test, but not with the extinction and reinstatement tests, suggesting that risk-taking rats are more vulnerable to drug dependence.

Effects of synthetic cathinone naphyrone in the conditioned place preference test – evidence of its addictive potential

2021 ◽  
pp. 113713
Author(s):  
Hynek Danda ◽  
Nikola Pinterová-Leca ◽  
Klára Šíchová ◽  
Kristýna Štefková-Mazochová ◽  
Kateřina Syrová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conditioned Place Preference ◽  
Preference Test ◽  
Place Preference ◽  
Synthetic Cathinone ◽  
Addictive Potential ◽  
Conditioned Place Preference Test

scholarly journals The Effect of the mGlu8 Receptor Agonist, S-3,4-DCPG on Acquisition and Expression of Morphine-induced Conditioned Place Preference in Male rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazanin Kahvandi ◽  
Zahra Ebrahimi ◽  
Seyed Asaad Karimi ◽  
Siamak Shahidi ◽  
Iraj Salehi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conditioned Place Preference ◽  
Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors ◽  
Preference Test ◽  
Place Preference ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Metabotropic Glutamate ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Dose Dependent

Abstract Background: The nucleus accumbens (NAc) plays a principal role in drug reward. It has been reported that metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGlu receptors) play a key role in the rewarding pathway(s). Previous studies have shown the vast allocation of the different types of mGlu receptors, including mGlu8 receptors, in regions that are associated with opioid rewards, such as the NAc. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of mGlu8 receptors within the NAc in the acquisition and expression phases of morphine induced conditioned place preference (CPP). Adult male Wistar rats were bilaterally implanted by two cannulas' in the NAc and were evaluated in a CPP paradigm. Selective mGlu8 receptor allosteric agonist (S-3,4-DCPG) was administered at doses of 0.03, 0.3, and 3 μg/0.5 μL saline per side into the NAc on both sides during the 3 days of morphine (5 mg/kg) conditioning (acquisition) phase, or before place preference test, or post-conditioning (expression) phase of morphine-induced CPP. Results: The results revealed that intra-accumbal administration of S-3,4-DCPG (0.3 and 3 μg) markedly decreased the acquisition in a dose-dependent manner but had no effect on expression of morphine-induced CPP. Conclusions: The findings suggest that activation of mGlu8 receptors in the NAc dose-dependently blocks the establishment of morphine-induced CPP and reduces the rewarding properties of morphine which may be related to the glutamate activity into the NAc and in reward pathway(s). These data suggest that mGlu8 receptor may be involved in conditioned morphine reward.

Can Shariah board characteristics influence risk-taking behavior of Islamic banks?

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 469-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amal AlAbbad ◽  
M. Kabir Hassan ◽  
Irum Saba
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Supervisory Board ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Asset Return ◽  
Board Characteristics ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Risk Taking Behaviors ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study whether the characteristics of the Shariah Supervisory Board (SSB) can influence the risk-taking behaviors of Islamic banks. Design/methodology/approach The data on governance were collected from 70 Islamic banks’ annual reports across 18 countries for the period from 2000 to 2011 to investigate the relationship between SSB’s characteristics including size, busyness and foreign board and the Islamic banks’ risk activities. Findings The size of SSB and the proportion of busy board in SSB positively and significantly influence Islamic banks’ asset return and insolvency risks. Foreign members are more effective in monitoring banks’ Shariah compliance. Further analysis provides some evidence that most of the findings on the associations between the SSB structure and bank risk are derived from countries in the Gulf Cooperation Council where Shariah governance is ruled internally at the bank level. Practical implications There is a need for better Shariah board characteristics in place that complement with other governance mechanisms to well comprehend the main purpose of Islamic banks. Originality/value SSB board busyness and foreign characteristics appear to influence the risk-taking behaviors of Islamic banks.

Benzodiazepines increase the reward effects of buprenorphine in a conditioned place preference test in the mouse

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 681-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin-Lin Ma ◽  
Thomas Freret ◽  
Mathilde Lange ◽  
Joanna Bourgine ◽  
Antoine Coquerel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conditioned Place Preference ◽  
Preference Test ◽  
Place Preference ◽  
Conditioned Place Preference Test ◽  
Reward Effects
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