Information concerning others more than individual variables modulates interpersonal distance in the times of COVID-19 pandemic: a bayesian analysis approach
Creating and maintaining bonds in humans typically comes with interactions occurring at close social distances which are usually shorter than the one (of at least 1.5 meters) recommended as a relevant measure of COVID-19 contagion containment. In a web-based experimental study conducted during the first pandemic wave (mid-April 2020), we asked 242 participants to regulate their preferred distance towards confederates who did or did not wear protective mask/gloves and who could have tested positive or negative to COVID-19 or whose test results are unknown. Information concerning the dispositional factors (perceived vulnerability to disease, moral attitudes and prosocial tendencies) and situational factors (perceived severity of the situation in the country, frequency of physical and virtual social contacts and attitudes toward quarantine) that may modulate compliance with safety prescriptions was also acquired. A bayesian analysis approach was adopted. Individual differences did not modulate the interpersonal distance. We found strong evidence in favor of a reduction of interpersonal distance towards characters wearing protective equipment and who tested negative to Covid-19. Importantly, shorter interpersonal distances were kept towards confederates wearing protections, even when their test result was unknown or turned out positive to Covid-19. The protective equipment-related regulation of interpersonal distance may reflect an underestimation of the perceived vulnerability to the infection, which has to be discouraged when pursuing individual and collective safety.