scholarly journals Inattentional Blindness in Visual Search

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matt Chapman-Rounds ◽  
Christopher G. Lucas ◽  
Frank Keller
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
General Model ◽  
Inattentional Blindness ◽  
Visual Saliency ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Guided Search ◽  
Search Results ◽  
Task Features

Models of visual saliency normally belong to one of two camps: models such as Experience Guided Search (E-GS), which emphasize top-down guidance based on task features, and models such as Attention as Information Maximisation (AIM), which emphasize the role of bottom-up saliency. In this paper, we show that E-GS and AIM are structurally similar and can be unified to create a general model of visual search which includes a generic prior over potential non-task related objects. We demonstrate that this model displays inattentional blindness, and that blindness can be modulated by adjusting the relative precisions of several terms within the model. At the same time, our model correctly accounts for a series of classical visual search results.

scholarly journals Target Detection Its Relation with Individual and Target Features

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-202
Author(s):  
Prarthana Earla ◽  
Gurpreet Kaur ◽  
Syed Yaseen
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Target Detection ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Perceptual Speed ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
The Individual

The phenomenon of target detection is studied. Explored its correlates using the technique of Narrative Overview. The phenomenon of target detection begins with the process of visual search. The saliency of the targets, acts as a factor to make the search efficient. The processing of the stimulus (using Bottom-Up and Top-Down approaches) is achieved by the engagement of personal characteristics of the individual like cognitive ability and perceptual speed. The role of these individual processes and their interaction with each other to help achieve target detection is the focus of the present study. The tests designed to measure these individual processes are also listed

Sensory regulation of quadrupedal locomotion: a top-down or bottom-up control system?

2012 ◽  
Vol 108 (3) ◽  
pp. 709-711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yann Thibaudier ◽  
Marie-France Hurteau
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Central Pattern Generators ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Sensory Inputs ◽  
Sensory Regulation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Pattern Generators

Propriospinal pathways are thought to be critical for quadrupedal coordination by coupling cervical and lumbar central pattern generators (CPGs). However, the mechanisms involved in relaying information between girdles remain largely unexplored. Using an in vitro spinal cord preparation in neonatal rats, Juvin and colleagues ( Juvin et al. 2012 ) have recently shown sensory inputs from the hindlimbs have greater influence on forelimb CPGs than forelimb sensory inputs on hindlimb CPGs, in other words, a bottom-up control system. However, results from decerebrate cats suggest a top-down control system. It may be that both bottom-up and top-down control systems exist and that the dominance of one over the other is task or context dependent. As such, the role of sensory inputs in controlling quadrupedal coordination before and after injury requires further investigation.

scholarly journals Visual Search Bottom-Up or Top-Down

10.2741/a503 ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. d169-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Sathian
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up

Role of top-down and bottom-up forces on the invasibility of intertidal macroalgal assemblages

2013 ◽  
Vol 76 ◽  
pp. 178-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fátima Vaz-Pinto ◽  
Celia Olabarria ◽  
Francisco Arenas
Keyword(s):  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up

An EEG study of the combined effects of top-down and bottom-up attentional selection under varying task difficulty

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Einat Rashal ◽  
Mehdi Senoussi ◽  
Elisa Santandrea ◽  
Suliann Ben Hamed ◽  
Emiliano Macaluso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Attentional Control ◽  
Task Difficulty ◽  
Target Selection ◽  
Attentional Selection ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Search Tasks

This work reports an investigation of the effect of combined top-down and bottom-up attentional control sources, using known attention-related EEG components that are thought to reflect target selection (N2pc) and distractor suppression (PD), in easy and difficult visual search tasks.

Computational Models of Learning Mechanisms in Psychosis

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Heinz
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
The Self ◽  
Psychotic Experiences ◽  
Learning Mechanisms ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Surrounding World

Psychotic experiences may best be described as an alteration in the self-ascription of thoughts and actions, which is associated with a profoundly altered experience of oneself and the surrounding world. Computational models of key symptoms of psychiatric disorders are discussed with respect to the attribution of salience and self-relatedness to otherwise irrelevant stimuli and the role of top-down modelling in the generation of delusions. Top-down and bottom-up approaches in understanding mental disorders and their computational models are compared and critically reflected.

The role of the third sector working with the hard and soft structures of public–private partnerships to promote individual health and reinvigorated, healthier communities

2020 ◽  
pp. 301-318
Author(s):  
Tony Chasteauneuf ◽  
Tony Thornton ◽  
Dean Pallant
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Local Authority ◽  
Third Sector ◽  
Public Private Partnerships ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
The Third ◽  
Individual Health ◽  
The Third Sector

This chapter discusses the role of the third sector working with the hard and soft structures of public–private partnerships to promote healthier individuals and communities. It considers how a recommitment to the 'local authority' of citizens and beneficiaries offers the possibility of revitalised and healthier individuals and reinvigorated and healthier communities, which are unachievable through the hard and soft structures of the commissioner/provider statutory approach. The chapter then identifies the pivotal dynamic of one-to-one relationships in these processes and their association with health outcomes (emotional, physical, and spiritual) alongside the opportunities and challenges in agencies engaging/re-engaging with the agency of citizens and beneficiaries. It explores the tension between the 'agency' of citizens and beneficiaries that constitutes bottom-up power and 'agencies' with top-down power. The chapter also looks at the benefits of embracing the expertise and investment of individuals and their communities in their personal and shared lives, how this can be supported and how it can be undermined.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document