Defence Life Science Journal
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275
(FIVE YEARS 112)

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6
(FIVE YEARS 1)

Published By Defence Scientific Information And Documentation Centre

2456-0537, 2456-379x

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-313
Author(s):  
Padmaj Kalgutkar ◽  
Riya Ashmin ◽  
Dhananjay Kumar ◽  
Venugopal Vasudevan ◽  
Natarajan Gopalan ◽  
...  

Probiotics are known to impact positively on one’s health, but this statement may have many concerns and challenges especially when it comes to military dining. The purpose of this review is to determine whether there is scientific research based justification to the recommend promotion of probiotic containing food(s) for service personal consumption. Several research findings have shown its beneficial effect on various conditions such as respiratory tract infections, gastro-intestinal diseases such as infectious diarrhoea, as well as for treating nosocomial infections when admitted to ICU. Peer reviewed literature was searched to identify original research related to the efficacy of pro/pre-biotic containing food(s) in prophylaxis or treatment of several service related ailments viz., acute infectious diarrhoea, depression, service related GI and liver diseases, irritable bowel syndrome, respiratory tract infections, Allergic rhinitis, dental health issues and female urogenital conditions. Available scientific evidence can be wisely used by the practitioners for different conditions keeping in mind the probiotic strain, dose, and method of delivery as the effect is not always the same in every person.


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-283
Author(s):  
L. Robert Varte ◽  
Deepika Kakkar ◽  
Shweta Rawat ◽  
Inderjeet Singh ◽  
Yashmita Chaudhary ◽  
...  

Since the entry of female troops in different paramilitary forces, there is a dearth of well-fitted personal protective gear for them to maximise operational safety and protection. A mismatch of anthropometry in design adversely affected the user’s performance during critical operation, compromising the safety and well-being of an individual. A detailed anthropometry-based sizing study was conducted by the research team, on the Indian female paramilitary troops for proper sizing of their protective gears and ensembles. An anthropometric survey of 325 female para-military troops, posted in two locations with age ranged from 21 to 54 years (mean ± SD) value: 37.14 ± 8.49 years was done. Each subject’s 28 different body dimensions were taken. The data was then investigated using the factor analysis method. Principal component analysis technique was used to reduce the variables to similar factor components where, two components with an Eigenvalue of more than 1 were selected. viz. Principal component 1 (girth dimensions) and Principal component 2 (abdomen or waist dimension). These two key variables were used to divide the population into three separate clusters using the K-means cluster method. These cluster groups were validated using a regression tree. Descriptive statistical analysis of data was conducted followed by Cluster analysis (of key components shortlisted) using Statistical Product and Service Solution (SPSS) version 21. The current study was the first complete anthropometric survey of Indian female paramilitary personnel for the development of a female-specific sizing system for a full-body protector (FBP) design resulting is an improved fit of full-body protector.


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 298-304
Author(s):  
Pooja Rawal ◽  
Nitisha Negi ◽  
Archana N Sah ◽  
Anchala Guglani

Nasturtium officinale W. T Aiton or “watercress” (Brassicaceae) is a nutritionally valuable plant that is the richest source of carotenoids, polyphenols, iron, calcium, iodine, folic acid, essential vitamins and minerals. It is traditionally used for their appetiser, anti-scorbutic, stimulant, diuretic and detoxifying properties. The present study was conducted to investigate the antioxidant potential, phytochemical contents (total phenolic, flavonoids and tannin contents) as well as a preliminary phytochemical screening of different extract of aerial parts of Nasturtium officinale collected from the Kumaun region. The different extracts showed significant antioxidant activity as well as total phenolic, flavonoids and tannin contents. The preliminary phytochemical screening showed the presence of several phytochemical constituents such as carbohydrates, proteins, amino acids, glycosides, alkaloids and others. The hydroalcoholic extract possess significantly (P<0.05) higher antioxidant potential with IC50 value (0.333 mg/ml, 0.509mg/ml)and EC50 value (3.537 mg/ml) by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH), 2,2-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid)(ABTS), and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) methods, respectively, as well as highest total tannin, flavonoid and phenolic contents among all the extracts. These results provide substantial evidence that the plant Nasturtium officinalehas antioxidant potential and valuable sources of phytochemicals.


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-297
Author(s):  
Dr Dolly Bansal ◽  
Prachi Gulati ◽  
Dr Vijendra Nath Pathak

The wellbeing and health of people are influenced by satisfaction about their job. The essence of job satisfaction is explained as mental gratification derived from one’s job. To know how the job satisfaction of an individual affects the other domains of an individual’s life like, psychological well-being and perceived stress in making an individual over-all healthy being. The study aims to investigate the Job satisfaction levels on psychological well-being and Perceived stress among government and private employees. Convenient sampling method was used in this study. In this study the sample consisted of 100 employees; 48 employees from the government sector and 52 employees from the private sector of the Delhi/ NCR region. For this study the behaviour tools used were job satisfaction scale, psychological well-being, and Perceived stress scale were taken for the study. These tools are used to measure government and private employee psycho social health issues. SPSS-18 software was used for data management. The results revealed significant negative correlation between Job satisfaction and Purpose in Life (r= -0.21) at p<0.05 level of significance. Perceived stress had a negative correlation between Autonomy (r= -.23) and Positive relation with others (r= -0.20) at p<0.05 level of significance. There was a significant difference between Government and Private sectors on Positive relations with others (p=0.003) at p<0.05 and Perceived stress (p=0.000) at p<0.05.


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-329
Author(s):  
Amit Bhandari ◽  
Vanshika Jain ◽  
Rashi Bhandari

Augmented and virtual reality (AR-VR) is a fast developing technology that has been used in the field of medicine for a long time. It has also found its way in dentistry and the preliminary assessments so far have shown promising results. Aim: The presented scoping review was conducted with an aim of identifying the current applications of AR-VR in the field of dental training and education. The paper also highlights the presently available dental simulators, their features and areas of use. Result: It was found that AR-VR is not restricted to teaching of upcoming dentists but also helps practicing physicians to return to basics and refine their skills. Inclusion of haptics provides a realistic experience by simulating the tactile sensations. Instant feedback feature act as a source of motivation to cover the missed bases. Conclusion: AR-VR technology has numerous advantages in dental education and training. However, the currently available systems require imports and are bulky to be transported in difficult terrains. Thereby it is important that indigenous systems be developed that have enhanced feasibility to be used for training of Armed Forces for managing trauma cases encountered in the field.


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 284-290
Author(s):  
Susan Elias ◽  
L. Naganandhini

Laboratory-based experimental studies are being carried out for Indian soldiers to estimate optimal load carriage at different gradients and walking speeds. These experiments involve the recording of Cardio-respiratory responses such as Heart Rate (HR), Oxygen Consumption (VO2), Energy Expenditure (EE), Respiratory Frequency (RF), Minute Ventilation (VE), and Maximal Aerobic capacity (%VO2max). Due to limitations in the data sample size that can be obtained in laboratory-based experiments, there is a need for mathematical interpolation to obtain intermediate values in the study. Load carriage can be affected by factors that can be controlled, such as the speed of marching, and also by external factors that cannot be controlled like ambient temperature. Real-time interactions of all the factors also have an impact on the load-carrying capacity. Planning of the mission operations requires the specification of well-defined work-rest schedules and indication of total load limits, to ensure the operational effectiveness of the military personnel. In this paper, we present a Predictive 3-Dimensional Thin Plate Spline Model for efficient estimation of load. We developed a Multiple Linear Regression Model for predicting %VO2max for combinations of load and gradient. The accuracy of the model was 85 per cent and the maximum permissible loads were derived from the prediction model for the physiological limits of 50 per cent, 60 per cent, and 75 per cent of VO2max. A Thin Plate Spline based interpolation technique was used on this Multiple Linear Regression Model to generate optimal load at intermediate values for the experimental study. A similar predictive Interpolation Model was also developed for estimating load for varying walking speeds at level ground.


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 314-322
Author(s):  
Asha Devi Kushwaha ◽  
Varun Bhardwaj ◽  
Deepika Saraswat

Skeletal muscle impairments at high altitudes resulted into various consequences in un-acclimatised individuals thus hampering their physical activities by imposing severe oxidative stress, skeletal muscle atrophy, mitochondrial dysfunction/autophagy, and regeneration disability. Researchers have described many natural and synthetic supplements to alleviate oxidative stress-induced muscle impairments. In this review article we are focusing on the skeletal muscle impairments and their alleviation by using natural polyphenols. Polyphenols are plant-based compounds showing anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties like Curcumin, Catechins, Resveratrol, Quercetin and Salidrosides appear to mainly act by reversing oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction eventually ameliorate skeletal muscle impairments under various imposed pathological conditions. This review also drew attention on the molecular targets of polyphenols and their possible therapeutic effects in preventing HA induced muscle impairments. Unavailability of suitable intervention, there is a need to find a probable solution having highly protective anti-atrophic, anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory properties with the tint of performance enhancer.


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-268
Author(s):  
Kaushik Halder ◽  
Anjana Pathak ◽  
Mantu Saha ◽  
Som Nath Singh ◽  
Bhuvnesh Kumar

After the initial outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China, the disease spreads rapidly across the whole world. It is observed that there is a rampant rise in the rate of infection in spite of best possible precautionary measures taken into consideration against Corona. As there is no scientifically validated full proofed medicine against COVID-19 till date, the only possible way is prevention against this infection by improving self-immunity, mass immunisation and controlling non-communicable diseases, if suffered from. Another possible way from the prevention from this deadly virus is development of herd immunity, but the process takes time and can be fatal for people with higher age groups and with co-morbidities. Yoga, an Indian way of mind-body purification, has been reported to improve functionality of human physiological systems and to prevent diseases. It is also observed that yoga, being a low to moderate intensity physical activity, breathing maneuvers and meditation, can also be performed by any person irrespective of age, with maximum benefit and having less stress in the vital organs during the practice. Therefore, a yoga package for improving immunity and other physical and physiological capacities and mental function to prevent Corona like disease has been formulated on the basis of knowledge from traditional yogic literature and evidence from available research publications on yoga. The yoga package might be beneficial across all age groups for improving health and wellbeing in this pandemic situation.


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-213
Author(s):  
Krishna Kishore ◽  
Koushik Ray ◽  
Sanjeev Kumar ◽  
J.P. Anand ◽  
Lalan Thakur ◽  
...  

Supplementation of tyrosine, non-essential amino acid, and precursor of catecholamine was found to ameliorate the heat-induced alterations in latencies of event-related potential P300 and contingent negative variation. Here we present the effect of tyrosine supplementation on heat stress (exposure to ambient temperature 45 oC and relative humidity 30 %) induced alterations in behavior (attention, mood) and levels of plasma monoamines. Ten healthy male participants received a placebo food bar or tyrosine-containing food bar (6.5 g in 50 g) 90 min before heat stress exposure of 90 min. Plasma and urine samples were assayed for catecholamine levels, their precursor, and metabolites using high-performance liquid chromatography. A computer-based automated test battery was used to assess attention and mood by profile of mood states questionnaire. A significantly higher plasma tyrosine (p<0.001) leading to an increased norepinephrine (p<0.05) levels in the tyrosine supplemented group was observed. Selective (p<0.001) and sustained attention (p<0.02) in the tyrosine group were significantly better compared to the placebo group. Reaction time and anger scores decreased (p<0.001) with tyrosine supplementation. It may be concluded that tyrosine supplementation improves heat stress-induced decrement in attention by maintaining the synthesis and turnover of norepinephrine.


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-234
Author(s):  
Debasmita Ghosh Dhar ◽  
Priyanka Dhar ◽  
Ashok Kumar Das ◽  
Naim Uddin

Fungal spores contribute significant concentration in the bioaerosol of various environmental conditions which may have potential health threats. Our study was aimed at determining the presence of disseminating airborne fungi in a pediatric government hospital in Kolkata. The study was started from the post-monsoon to the middle winter (August to December 2008) in the indoor and outdoor environment of the hospital with temperature and humidity ranges of 11.2 °C-35.2 °C and 70 per cent-90 per cent, respectively. Air sampling was performed at 14 days intervals during the daytime following the gravitation settling method, and the fungal colonies were identified based on micro and macro morphological characteristics. The percentage contribution of individual fungal species from the outdoor section and indoor units (Newborn Baby Ward, Respiratory Care Unit, Step Down Ward, Thalassemia Care Unit) of the hospital environment was calculated. We observed profound aeromycofloral diversity where the outdoor environment was mostly colonised by sterile hyphae (16.43 %) along with the allergenic Aspergillus fumigatus (13.6 %) and Penicillium sp. (12.32 %). Conversely, an abundance of Cladosporium herbarum (24.7 %) and Penicillium sp. (17.85 %) followed by Aspergillus sp. (12.9 %) and sterile hyphae (14.51 %) were found in different indoor units. Our results showed the diversity of airborne mycoflora which promotes the trend to health difficulties and thus the hospital environment monitoring along with proper control measures is essential.


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