scholarly journals Immigrant settlement patterns, transit accessibility, and transit use

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff Allen ◽  
Steven Farber ◽  
Stephen Greaves ◽  
Geoffrey Clifton ◽  
Hao Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Settlement Patterns ◽  
Public Transit ◽  
Spatial Filters ◽  
Recent Immigrants ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Immigrant Settlement ◽  
Transit Accessibility ◽  
Mode Share ◽  
Transit Use

Public transit is immensely important among recent immigrants for enabling daily travel and activity participation. The objectives of this study are to examine whether immigrants settle in areas of high or low transit accessibility and how this affects transit mode share. This is analyzed via a novel comparison of two gateway cities: Sydney, Australia and Toronto, Canada. We find that in both cities, recent immigrants have greater levels of public transit accessibility to jobs, on average, than the overall population, but the geography of immigrant settlement is more suburbanized and less clustered around commuter rail in Toronto than in Sydney. Using logistic regression models with spatial filters, we find significant positive relationships between immigrant settlement patterns and transit mode share for commuting trips, after controlling for transit accessibility and other socio-economic factors, indicating an increased reliance on public transit by recent immigrants. Importantly, via a sensitivity analysis, we find that these effects are greatest in peripheral suburbs and rural areas, indicating that recent immigrants in these areas have more risks of transport-related social exclusion due to reliance on insufficient transit service.

scholarly journals Immigrant settlement patterns, transit accessibility, and transit use

2021 ◽  
Vol 96 ◽  
pp. 103187
Author(s):  
Jeff Allen ◽  
Steven Farber ◽  
Stephen Greaves ◽  
Geoffrey Clifton ◽  
Hao Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Settlement Patterns ◽  
Immigrant Settlement ◽  
Transit Accessibility ◽  
Transit Use

Exploring the synergistic economic benefit of enhancing neighbourhood bikeability and public transit accessibility based on real estate sale transactions

Urban Studies ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (15) ◽  
pp. 3480-3499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Li ◽  
Kenneth Joh
Keyword(s):  
Public Transit ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Property Value ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Master Plans ◽  
Transit Accessibility ◽  
Last Mile ◽  
Mode Share ◽  
Error Terms

Planners and policy makers are increasingly promoting biking and public transit as viable means of transportation. The integration of bicycling and transit has been acknowledged as a strategy to increase the mode share of bicycling and the efficiency of public transit by solving the first- and last-mile problem. However, the economic outcomes of jointly promoting neighbourhood bikeability and transit accessibility are still poorly understood. This study aims to assess the property value impact of neighbourhood bikeability, transit accessibility, and their synergistic effect by analysing the single-family and condominium property sale transactions during 2010–2012 in Austin, Texas, USA. Our Cliff-Ord spatial hedonic modelling approach, which is also known as the general spatial model (or SAC), controls for the spatial dependent effects in the sale price and the error terms simultaneously. In order to quantify neighbourhood bikeability and transit accessibility, we use Bike Score and Transit Score as publicly available indices. We have assessed how residents’ willingness to pay (WTP) for bikeability and transit accessibility depend on various socio-demographic and built-environment factors, and whether the WTP is influenced by the bicycle-transit synergy. The results from this research show that jointly enhancing bikeability and transit accessibility can generate positive synergistic effects on property values. The effects would behoove policy makers to pursue the coordination of bicycle master plans with regional transit plans and to consider strategies of spatially-joint bicycle and transit investment.

scholarly journals Facing the future of transit ridership: which riders bought a car; who is planning on riding less?

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Palm ◽  
Jeff Allen ◽  
Yixue Zhang ◽  
Ignacio Tiznado Aitken ◽  
BRICE BATOMEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Transit ◽  
Political Support ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Recent Immigrants ◽  
Automobile Ownership ◽  
The North ◽  
Transit Ridership ◽  
Transit Agencies ◽  
Transit Use

Public transit agencies face a transformed landscape of rider demand and political support as the COVID-19 pandemic continues. We explore people’s motivations for returning to or avoiding public transit a year into the pandemic. We draw on a March 2021 follow up survey of over 1,900 people who rode transit regularly prior to the COVID-19 pandemic in Toronto and Vancouver, Canada, and who took part in a prior survey on the topic in May, 2020. We model how transit demand has changed due to the pandemic, and investigate how this relates to changes in automobile ownership and its desirability. We find that pre-COVID frequent transit users between the ages of 18-29, a part of the so-called “Gen Z,” and recent immigrants are more attracted to driving due to the pandemic, with the latter group more likely to have actually purchased a vehicle. Getting COVID-19 or living with someone who did is also a strong and positive predictor of buying a car and anticipating less transit use after the pandemic. Our results suggest that COVID-19 heightened the attractiveness of auto ownership among transit riders likely to eventually purchase cars anyways (immigrants, twentysomethings), at least in the North American context. We also conclude that getting COVID-19 or living with someone who did is a significant and positive predictor of having bought a car. Future research should consider how the experiencing of having COVID-19 has transformed some travelers’ views, values, and behaviour.

Menstrual knowledge and perceptions of schoolgirls in Bangladesh: do socio-economic factors really matter?

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulsan Ara Parvin ◽  
Nina Takashino ◽  
Md. Shahidul Islam ◽  
Md. Habibur Rahman ◽  
Md. Anwarul Abedin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Professional Occupation ◽  
Menstrual Knowledge ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Purpose This study aims to explore whether socio-economic factors determine the level of menstrual knowledge and perceptions of schoolgirls in Bangladesh. The aim of this study is to understand how knowledge and perceptions vary with variations in the different socio-economic factors in a schoolgirl’s life such as place of residence, religion, age, grade, parents’ education, parents’ occupation, family income and even family size. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from four schools (two in urban areas and two in rural areas). A total of 450 schoolgirls from grades V–X were interviewed to examine how knowledge and perceptions varied with different socio-economic aspects. Multiple logistic regression models were used to measure the associations between various socio-economic variables and perceptions of and knowledge about menstruation. Findings Respondents from urban areas were 4.75 times more likely and those 14–16 years old were two times more likely to report higher levels of knowledge about menstruation compared to their counterparts. Based on the father’s occupation, respondents whose father was engaged in a professional occupation were 1.983 times more likely to have a higher level of knowledge on menstruation compared to those whose fathers were in an unskilled profession. Similarly, the odds of positive perceptions on menstruation were 1.456 and 1.987 times higher, respectively, among respondents living in urban areas and those 14–16 years old, compared to their counterparts. Originality/value This study provides evidence that different socio-economic and even demographic factors are important in the development of menstrual knowledge and perceptions. Policy formulation and development actions related to adolescent girls’ physical and reproductive health development need to consider these factors in Bangladesh and in other developing countries, where poor knowledge and perception related to menstruation are hindering girls’ mental and physical development. This is expected that better knowledge and perception will facilitate girls’ right to have better health and social lives.

scholarly journals Assessing senior perspectives' towards ride for free public transportation: a case study in Oakville, Ontario

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Mah
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Public Transit ◽  
Travel Behaviour ◽  
Independent Mobility ◽  
Mixed Methods Approach ◽  
Transit Use ◽  
Transportation Program

This research investigated the Ride for Free Public Transportation program for seniors in Oakville, Canada. Using a mixed-methods approach, participants were surveyed (n=131) to understand their travel behaviour, and interviewed (n=16) to understand their perspectives towards taking public transportation. While 63% of seniors said that the Ride for Free Transit Program did not impact their travel behaviour, 37% said that it increased their public transit use. The most popular reason for seniors to use public transportation was taking it by themselves. Some interview respondents said that they used public transportation because they would not have to ask others for rides or they did not have access to a car. Seniors suggested that more education of how to use the bus and transfer could increase senior ridership. This research may aid other municipalities considering similar programs, which could help to sustain the independent mobility of seniors.

Should cats be allowed outdoors? A research survey on animal welfare risks for free-ranging cats in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-339
Author(s):  
DS Machado ◽  
AFF Bragança ◽  
IC Travnik ◽  
AP Rossi ◽  
AC Sant'Anna
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Research Survey ◽  
Free Ranging ◽  
Lack Of Knowledge

A need exists for research that contributes to estimating the risk factors associated with the management of outdoor cats (Felis silvestris catus) and addresses the lack of such surveys in Brazil and other Latin American countries. With this in mind we aimed to: i) identify the causal factors affecting the practice of owners allowing their cats to roam freely and; ii) evaluate potential welfare risks associated with the allowance of outdoor access, based on cat owners' reports. An online questionnaire consisting of 25 questions was answered by 8,485 Brazilian cat owners and logistic regression models used to obtain odds ratios. A number of the factors significantly related to owners allowing their cats to have outdoor access were unneutered cats, the manner in which the cat was acquired, residence in rural areas, the number of cats owned, the presence of other pets in the house, younger owner age, owner declaration of not being responsible for the cat, owner perception about the role of the cat in the house, owner knowledge about cats' potential for transmitting diseases, a lack of knowledge about zoonoses, and a lack of knowledge regarding toxoplasmosis. The practice of allowing outdoor access was associated with significantly higher odds of owners reporting several welfare issues, such as frequent flea contamination, sporotrichosis, going missing, poisoning, mistreatment, and accidents. We conclude that the practice of allowing outdoor access, as reported by 37.1% of our respondents, may result in risks to feline welfare. Increasing public awareness through campaigns that highlight the risks associated with outdoor access would improve feline management practices and welfare.

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