Parents' experiences of work-family conflict: Does is matter if coworkers have children?
Objective: To examine how the perception of work-family conflict relates to the share of parents in women’s and men’s direct coworking environments.Background: The framework of supplementary and complementary person-team fit posits that individuals’ relative positions within their coworking environments have an impact on their wellbeing. Depending on women’s and men’s parenthood status and the corresponding (dis-)similarity compared to their colleagues, this idea was applied to the perception of work-to-family and family-to-work conflicts.Method: Time-based and strain-based work-to-family and family-to-work conflicts were analyzed by gender and parenthood with random effects panel regression models using longitudinal data from the LEEP-B3-survey, a large-scale linked employer-employee survey from Germany (2012/2013 and 2014/2015; 2,228 women and 2,656 men). The composition of the respondents’ working groups was included as a moderating interaction variable.Results: Mothers and fathers of children aged 0–11 years reported higher work-to-family and family-to-work conflicts than parents of older children and childless women and men. For mothers of children aged 0–11 years, a higher share of parents in their working groups was associated with less time-based family-to-work conflict. For fathers of children aged 0–11 years, the same associations were found for overall work-to-family conflict, strain-based work-to-family conflict as well as for all dimensions of family-to-work conflict.Conclusion: Similarity between the team members regarding parenthood seemed to reduce mothers’ and fathers’ perceptions of work-family conflict beyond several other situational characteristics of the individuals and the workplaces.