Electronic contracts in civil law

Author(s):  
Nina Krysanova
2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Seyed Abolhasan Mosavi ◽  
Abdolmohammad Afrogh

Cyberspace is considered as one of the most modern means for the conclusion of contracts and meeting the obligations arising from that, particularly in commercial transactions. The nature of electronic contracts- in terms of credibility, form and homogeneity with public disciplines and regulations of civil law about the contracts- is a new topic based on which recognition and investigation on the legal effects depend on the formal structure of cyberspace and information and communication technology concepts known in this area. Present work mainly investigates following items: Electronic contract conclusion and specific properties of such agreements, effect of electronic trait on its way of formation as well as compatibility of public rules and regulation of electronic contracts in Iranian Electronic Commerce Acts and UNCITRAL model law. Electronic contract principally does not differ traditional ones in terms of nature. However, structure of cyberspace has brought up new specifications and concepts. A descriptive-analytical method with comparative approach were used for data collection. Current rules and regulations of the contracts area in traditional space seem to not be able to completely meet emerging rights in cyberspace, but beside traditional legal basics, some rules and regulations are necessary to eliminate existing confusion by setting determination in modern legal uncertainties. Present study tries to answer above queries by assessment and comparison of the location and time of contract conclusion in Electronic Commerce Act and UNCITRAL Model Law.


2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Ridwan Romadhoni , ◽  
Dona Budi Kharisma ,

<p>Abstract<br />This review is to analyze the validity of electronic contracts in e-commerce transactions using bitcoin in <br />terms of civil law. This study is based on the results of the normative legal study that is descriptive by using <br />the law approach. The types and sources of legal materials used are secondary data. The technique <br />of collecting legal materials using literature study. The technique of analysis of legal materials used is <br />qualitative with deductive method in drawing conclusion. The result of research shows the validity of <br />electronic contract in e-commerce transaction with bitcoin payment method must fulfill the provisions of <br />Article 1320 KUH Perdata regarding the validity of the agreement. In e-commerce transactions by bitcoin <br />payment methods the terms of validity in Article 1320 KUH Perdata are very difficult to fulfill, so contracts <br />born in e-commerce transactions by method of payment through bitcoin are invalid and can be canceled <br />through a court decision if the parties or wrong one party wishes, but if the parties do not request a <br />cancellation then the contract remains valid and binds the parties involved. The responsibilities of each <br />party involved in this transaction ie the seller, the buyer, the payment system provider, and the expedition <br />must be viewed in terms of the respective parties’ liabilities and also seen from the disadvantages caused <br />by the fault of the parties involved.<br />Keywords: Electronic Contract; E-Commerce Transaction; Bitcoin</p><p>Abstrak<br />Kajian ini untuk menganalisis keabsahan kontrak elektronik dalam transaksi e-commerce menggunakan <br />bitcoin ditinjau dari aspek hukum perdata. Kajian ini didasarkana atas hasil kajian hukum normatif yang <br />bersifat deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan undang- undang. Jenis dan sumber bahan hukum <br />yang digunakan adalah berupa data sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan bahan hukum menggunakan studi <br />kepustakaan.  Teknik analisis bahan hukum yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan metode deduktif <br />dalam penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan keabsahan kontrak elektronik dalam transaksi <br />e-commerce dengan metode pembayaran bitcoin haruslah memenuhi ketentuan Pasal 1320 KUH Perdata <br />mengenai syarat sahnya perjanjian. Dalam transaksi e-commerce dengan metode pembayaran bitcoin <br />syarat-syarat keabsahan dalam Pasal 1320 KUH Perdata sangatlah sulit untuk dipenuhi, sehingga kontrak <br />yang lahir dalam transaksi e-commerce dengan metode pembayaran melalui bitcoin tidak sah dan dapat <br />dibatalkan melalui putusan pengadilan apabila para pihak atau salah<br />satu pihak menghendaki, namun apabila para pihak tidak meminta pembatalan maka kontrak tersebut <br />tetap berlaku dan mengikat para pihak yang terlibat. Tanggung jawab masing-masing pihak yang terlibat <br />didalam transaksi ini yakni penjual, pembeli, penyelenggara sistem pembayaran, dan pihak ekspedisi <br />harus dilihat dari segi kewajiban masing-masing pihak dan juga dilihat dari kerugiaan tersebut disebabkan <br />oleh kesalahan pihak yang terlibat.<br />Kata Kunci : Kontrak Elektronik, Transaksi E-Commerce, Bitcoin</p>


2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Syed Abolhasan Mosavi ◽  
Abdolmohammad Afrogh

Cyberspace is considered as one of the most modern means for conclusion of contracts and meeting the obligations arising from that, particularly in commercial transactions. The nature of electronic contracts- in terms of creditability, form and homogeneity with public disciplines and regulations of civil law about the contracts- is a new topic based on which recognition and investigation on the legal effects depend on formal structure of cyberspace and information and communication technology concepts known in this area. Present work mainly investigates following items: Electronic contract conclusion and specific properties of such agreements, effect of electronic trait on its way of formation as well as compatibility of public rules and regulation of electronic contracts in Iranian Electronic Commerce Act and UNCITRAL model law. Electronic contract principally does not differ traditional ones in terms of nature. However, structure of cyberspace has brought up new specifications and concepts. A descriptive-analytical method with comparative approach were used for data collection. Current rules and regulations at contracts area in traditional space seem to not be able to completely meet emerging rights in cyberspace but beside traditional legal basics, some rules and regulations are necessary to eliminate existing confusion by setting determination in modern legal uncertainties. Present study tries to answer above queries by assessment and comparison of location and time of contract conclusion in Electronic Commerce Act and UNCITRAL Model Law.


Author(s):  
Diana Vivcharuk

Purpose. The purpose of the article is the regulation of relations on the principles of civil law. Methodology. The methodology includes a comprehensive analysis and a synthesis of available scientific and theoretical information. It is includes the formulation of relevant conclusions and recommendations. Such methods of scientific knowledge were used: terminological, functional, systemic-structural, logical-normative. Results: it was determined, that principles of civil law – an ideas of the civil law, that characterized by systematic,versatile, more stable, more regylated. Originality. An article is the special reseach that explores the problems of civil law in Ukraine. Practical significance. The results of the research can be used in legislation and law-enforcement activities.


1998 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W Cairns

This article, in earlier versions presented as a paper to the Edinburgh Roman Law Group on 10 December 1993 and to the joint meeting of the London Roman Law Group and London Legal History Seminar on 7 February 1997, addresses the puzzle of the end of law teaching in the Scottish universities at the start of the seventeenth century at the very time when there was strong pressure for the advocates of the Scots bar to have an academic education in Civil Law. It demonstrates that the answer is to be found in the life of William Welwood, the last Professor of Law in St Andrews, while making some general points about bloodfeud in Scotland, the legal culture of the sixteenth century, and the implications of this for Scottish legal history. It is in two parts, the second of which will appear in the next issue of the Edinburgh Law Review.


2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-378
Author(s):  
Kyumson Seo ◽  
◽  
Kyoungjin Choi
Keyword(s):  

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