Examining the views of operating room nurses and physicians on the relationship between professional values and professional communication

Purpose Professional communication and professional values are two basic concepts in operating rooms and should be studied more closely in view of the nature of work and the high circulation of patients in operating rooms. Methods The present work is a descriptive-analytic study with a cross-sectional design. The sample was 603 operating room physicians and personnel selected from the public hospitals of Shiraz. The data collection instruments were the 41-item professional communication questionnaire and the 26-item professional values scale. Results The results showed that the operating room nurses and physicians perceived the status of professional communication and professional values to be satisfactory. As for professional communication, the participants’ perception of the domains of mutual respect and trust (p ≤ 0.001), teamwork (p ≤ 0.001), ethical competence (p ≤ 0.017), and workplace conflicts (p ≤ 0.001) was significant. As for professional values, only the dimension of care (p ≤ 0.016) was perceived to be significant. Moreover, a significant positive relationship was found to exist between professional communication and professional values (p ≤ 0.001). Conclusion Considering the significance of the concept of professional communication and its connection with professional values, it is recommended that operating room personnel and physicians receive systematic education about professional communication and the harms of destructive attitudes as part of their academic education and afterwards.

Oncologic patients’ misconceptions may impede enrollment into clinical trials: a cross-sectional study

Background Clinical trials are an essential source for advances in oncologic care, yet the enrollment rate is only 2-4%. Patients' reluctance to participate is an important barrier. This study evaluates patients' level of understanding and attitudes towards clinical trials. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in the oncology department and day care unit at the oncology division Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Israel. From January 2015 to September 2016. Two-hundred patients’ currently receiving active anti-cancer therapy at a large tertiary hospital completed an anonymous questionnaire comprised of demographic information, past experience in clinical research and basic knowledge on clinical trials. Results The majority of respondents did not meet the minimum knowledge level criteria. In those who replied they would decline to participate in a clinical trial, concern were related to potential assignment to the placebo arm, provision of informed consent and trust issues with their oncologist. Those with sufficient knowledge were significantly more interested in participating. Patients with past experience in clinical trials had a higher level of academic education, were less religious, had a better understanding of medical research and were inclined to participate in future research. Conclusions Misperceptions of clinical trials may contribute substantially to the unwillingness to participate in them.

Embracing Simulations and Problem-Based Learning to Effectively Pair Concepts of Aeronautics With Flight Safety Training

Cadets, in order to become pilots, apart from successfully passing their flight training program, need to also complete their academic education, where many technical subjects, such as aeronautics, exist. Cadets often face difficulties in comprehending certain concepts in the subject “aeronautics” as well as the applied link between aeronautics and flight safety. To this end, at the Hellenic Air Force Academy, an innovative educational tool is under development so as to facilitate students' understanding of the practical use of aeronautics and its impact on aircraft safety. An important aspect of the proposed educational tool is that it can be easily adopted into the pilots' flight training program and offer a complimentary training experience regarding mid-air crisis scenarios. The new educational tool is based on introducing in-class simulation and problem-based learning, thus combining theory and practice. The aim of this chapter is to describe the development of this educational tool and to demonstrate the way that it can be employed for academic and flight training purposes.

Introduction to Computer Programming Through a System of Tasks

Computer programming is a fundamental discipline in many academic programs, especially in the fields of informatics, applied mathematics, physics, and engineering. Despite its popularity, computer programming courses does not possess a widely-accepted methodology for its structure, and because of this reason, even introductory courses highly differ in their curriculum, approach, complexity, and even technical background. In this paper we propose a methodology for introductory computer programming course structure definition that is based on the concept of notion formation through a system of tasks. The approach is intended to be applied in the context of academic education, but it is also applicable in the last years of high-school courses.

Benefits, Satisfaction and Limitations Derived from the Performance of Intergenerational Virtual Activities: Data from a General Population Spanish Survey

The growing social gap between people of different generations has led to a greater interest in the study of intergenerational interactions. Digital technologies have become necessary for people of all ages to perform daily activities, increasingly including older people. The use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) and virtual tools can provide older people with excellent opportunities to connect with other generations, improving their quality of life and well-being. The aim of this study was to examine the benefits, satisfaction, and limitations of intergenerational interactions generated by the use of virtual tools. The participants are subjects of any age and different social groups residing in Spain and have completed an online survey. The analysis of sociodemographic data of the respondents showed that there is a significant correlation between the use of social networks and all the variables analyzed, except for their level of autonomy. Most participants who participated in intergenerational virtual activities reported the benefits of their social participation, relationships, mood, mental health, and academic education. Moreover, most participants were quite or very satisfied with the person with whom they used the virtual tools, especially if the person was a friend, their partner, sibling, another relative, or colleague. Except for grandparents, people who participated in intergenerational virtual activities and who had no limitations or disabilities were more frequently reported by the participants. In conclusion, intergenerational interactions through the use of virtual tools can contribute to improving the social inclusion and relationships of all people involved.

Digitalization of academic forms of teaching English

Данная статья рассматривает проблему цифровизации академического образования. Актуальность статьи обусловлена мотивированной интеграцией электронных образовательных ресурсов в академические методы преподавания, направленных на формирование коммуникативной компетенции. Цель статьи заключается в выявлении особенностей использования цифрового инструментария, определение его роли и места в образовательном процессе при дистанционном формате. Классифицированы недостатки и преимущества применения электронных образовательных ресурсов. В исследовании представлена технология реализации образовательной системы Moodle на примере авторского курса. Доказана необходимость цифровой трансформации образовательного процесса результатами проведенных опросов среди преподавателей и студентов. Результаты данного исследования будут интересны преподавателям иностранных языков высших учебных заведений для разработки эффективных форм взаимодействия со студентами в образовательном процессе. The article considers the problem of digitalization of academic education. The relevance of the article is due to the motivated integration of electronic educational resources into academic teaching methods aimed at the formation of communicative competence. The aim of the article is to identify the features of the use of digital tools, to determine its role and place in the educational process at distance teaching. The disadvantages and advantages of using electronic educational resources are classified. The study presents the technology of implementing Moodle on the example of the author's course. The necessity of digital transformation of the educational process is proved by the results of surveys conducted among teachers and students. The results of this study will be of interest to teachers of foreign languages of higher educational institutions for the development of effective forms of interaction with students in the educational process.

E-Learning and Blended Learning in the Opinions of Polish Students

For the first time in history, the education system has experienced a crisis situation on a global scale, leading to total and forced isolation in social life and communication. In March 2020, full-time classes at universities in Poland were suspended due to the epidemic caused by the COVID-19 coronavirus. This state of affairs resulted in the need to shift scientific and didactic work to be “remote”. This article aims to present students’ opinions on e-learning and blended learning after several months of experience with such forms of learning. The main research problem was formulated as follows: “What are the Polish students’ opinions of e-learning during the pandemic?” The method of diagnostic survey and the questionnaire technique called the SWOT were used in the empirical research. The research was conducted in May and June 2020 in three selected universities. A total of 314 students took part in it. The results indicate that remote teaching has both specific strengths and weaknesses and that there are many opportunities and threats associated with this form of teaching; nevertheless, a larger proportion of the data were related to the weaknesses. Undoubtedly, there are still many activities that should be introduced into practice and everyday academic education. Perhaps a creative solution will be to introduce only some elements of distance learning, which can contribute to a better acquisition of IT and digital competences and can help students develop activity, self-discipline, and independent learning.

Neurodiversity and (Semantic) Space for the Academic Inclusion of People on the Autism Spectrum

There is a need to rethink functioning and the role of universities that implement inclusive education, understood as high-quality education for everybody, available at all levels of education because of the increasing number of neurodiverse people (with ADHD, autism, dyslexia and other disorders classified as neurodevelopmental).. The aim of our hermeneutical work is an attempt to identify opportunities and limitations on an empirical and theoretical level for creating conditions for the inclusion of students defined as neurodiversity. The research material consists of published own and other authors' studies, and the direction of exploration is determined by the following questions: Are there theoretical and empirical premises for the claim of full inclusion in the academic education of neurodiverse students? What are the research-related limitations that constitute a barrier to the academic inclusion of neurodifferent adolescents? The theoretical background of our work is the theories of social constructivism as defined by Alfred Schűtz, Peter Berger and Thomas Luckmann. The research revealed theoretical and empirical premises confirming the validity of the claim regarding the inclusion of neurodiverse students in academic education due to the intellectual potential of young people, their high self-awareness and the need to provide a growing number of neurodiverse students with conditions for maturing to self-determination in adult life. In Poland, but also in other European countries, the number of students diagnosed with an autism spectrum is not monitored at the national level. Single studies conducted in Poland indicate the similarity of the problems of this group of students with the results of explorations carried out in other countries, and include dropout during the first year of studies, difficulties in relationships with peers, a feeling of loneliness, and a low level of employment after graduation. A large number of people with autism spectrum does not study at all. One of the barriers may be the availability of higher education, which is related to the cultural and economic status. This aspect has not been taken into account in Polish and international research. There was also little dissemination of the idea of neurodiversity, which may be important for the perception of students with the autism spectrum.

Major changes and pedagogical challenges in the curriculum of physicians in the post-pandemic of COVID-19: a systematic review

Introduction: Respiratory disease (COVID-19) caused by the new coronavirus (SARSCoV-2) has spread around the world causing respiratory illnesses and deaths. The COVID-19 pandemic caused an unprecedented crisis in the field of education. It is essential to reflect on the role of educational systems in curricular training, especially for doctors. Objective: The present study prepared a systematic review to analyze the main curriculum changes in medical education institutions around the world. Methods: The present study followed a systematic review model (PRISMA). The search strategy was performed in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Scopus, and Google Scholar database, using scientific articles from 2009 to 2021. Results: As a corollary of the literary search system, 155 studies were analyzed and submitted to eligibility analysis, and then 55 high to moderate quality studies were selected. Biases did not compromise the scientific basis of the studies. It was analyzed that it is crucial that the academic education community learn from experience and prioritize a forward-thinking academic approach as practical solutions are implemented. The pandemic has brought about a lasting transformation in medicine with the advancement of telehealth, adaptive research protocols, and clinical trials with flexible approaches to achieving solutions. The studies analyzed in general did not address criticisms about the weaknesses of remote education, limiting themselves to defending it as the only viable strategy. There was no consensus on the inclusion of students in the practical activities of curricular internships and medical internships. A part of the studies defends the inclusion in hospital spaces as a way to contribute to overcoming the health crisis imposed by the pandemic. The studies evidenced the inclusion of pandemic management disciplines with a focus on public health in the medical curricula. Conclusion: The medical activity and curriculum underwent and are undergoing significant changes and adaptations. Thus, the doctor will need to develop other skills, without losing the traditional ones. The highlight is telehealth and soft skills, as they will allow students to connect to the best in world medicine, highlighting the importance of scientific knowledge when establishing treatments in cases of pandemics with a focus on public health.

Manajemen Mutu Pendidikan (Strategi Pengasuhan Mahasantri Pondok Pesantren Tahfidzul Qur’an Fatimah Az-Zahra Magetan)

Slowly a civilization that is changing, all aspects are required to follow the flow of change, including educational institutions, especially Islamic boarding schools. Like it or not, Islamic boarding schools must have a quality in the midst of the development of this era to maintain their existence in the world of education and be able to produce human resources that are relevant to the needs of the community. This study aims to find out: (1) How is the education of PPTQ students Fatimah Az-zahra. (2) How is the parenting strategy for PPTQ Fatimah Az-Zahra students (3) How is the parenting strategy for PPTQ Fatimah Az-Zahra students from the perspective of education quality management, while this study uses qualitative methods using a descriptive approach and researchers take data sources from primary data, namely the main data which will be processed and analyzed sourced from observations and direct interviews with related parties, secondary data or complementary data in the form of documentation. As for the results of the research (1) education at PPTQ Fatimah Az-zahra there is academic and non-academic education where the academic curriculum uses the Indonesian Dakwah Council curriculum equivalent to education in Dirosah Islamiyah (D2) and non-academic in the form of a tahfidz diploma. (2) The parenting strategy is carried out in collaboration with the recitation assembly in Magetan and monitoring by conducting evaluations every week, month and year (3) Implementation of the parenting strategy for students from the perspective of education quality management at PPTQ Fatimah Az-zahra using planning, oraginizing , actuacting, controlling (POAC).