scholarly journals Evaluation of bread wheat genotypes under rain-fed conditions in Terai districts of Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-315
Author(s):  
Deepak Pandey ◽  
Khem Raj Pant ◽  
Biswas Raj Bastola ◽  
Rabin Giri ◽  
Suman Bohara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Agricultural Research Council ◽  
Days To Heading ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
High Yielding Varieties

Thirty four percent of the total wheat cultivated area is under rain-fed condition in Nepal and that of the Terai is nineteen percent. The objective of this study was to develop drought tolerant and high yielding varieties of wheat for timely sown rain-fed environments. Coordinated Varietal trial (CVT) was carried out in normal wheat growing season during 2016/17 and 2017/18. The research was conducted at five locations (Rampur, Bhairahawa, Doti, Jitpur and Nepalgunj) of five research stations of Nepal Agricultural Research Council (NARC) throughout the Terai region in alpha lattice design with two replications. Data on different yield attributing traits were recorded. In the CVT-TTL 2016/17 highly significant difference (p<0.01) among the genotypes was found for days to heading, days to maturity, plant height, number of grains per spike and thousand kernel weight and significant difference (p<0.05) for grain yield. The highest grain yield was observed in NL 1326 (2954 kg/ha) which was followed by NL 1327 (2819 kg/ha), NL 1211 (2719 kg/ha), NL1202 (2683 kg/ha), BL 4707 (2654 kg/ha) and BL 4708 (2652 kg/ha).  Similarly, in CVT-TTL 2017/18, highly significant difference (p<0.01) among the genotypes was observed for the days to heading, days to maturity and plant height and non-significant different for number of grains per spike, grain yield and TGW.  However, Genotype by Environment (G x E) was found highly significant (p<0.01) for the days to heading, plant height, grain yield and TGW and significant different (p<0.05) for number of grains per spike. The highest grain yield was obtained in NL1322 (2305 kg/ha) which was followed by NL1369 (2287 kg/ha), NL 1202 (2205 kg/ha), BL 4708 (2197 kg/ha) and BL 4820 (2118 kg/ha). Among these tested genotypes BL 4708, NL 1202, NL 1211, NL 1307, NL 1327 and NL 1369 are recommended for the coordinated farmer's field trial for further verification and release as variety.

scholarly journals Evaluation of agronomic traits and assessment of genetic variability in some popular wheat genotypes cultivated in Saudi Arabia

2019 ◽  
pp. 847-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soleman M. Al-Otayk
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Days To Heading ◽  
Days To Maturity

The present study was carried out to evaluate agronomic traits and assessment of genetic variability of some wheat genotypes at Qassim region, Saudi Arabia', during 2010/11 and2011/12 seasons. Fourteen wheat genotypes including five bread wheat and nine durum wheat genotypes were evaluated in randomized complete block design with three replications. The genotypes were evaluated for ten different yield contributing characters viz., days to heading, days to maturity, grain filling period, grain filling rate, plant height, number of spikes m-2, kernels spike-1, 1000-kernel weight, grain yield and straw yield. The combined analysis of variance indicated the presence of significant differences between years for most characters. The genotypes exhibited significant variation for all the characters studied indicating considerable amount of variation among genotypes for each character. Maximum coefficient of variation was observed for number of spikes m-2 (17%), while minimum value was found for days to maturity. Four genotypes produced maximum grain yield and statistically similar, out of them two bread wheat genotypes (AC-3 and SD12) and the other two were durum wheat (AC-5 and BS-1). The genotypes AC-3, AC-5 and BS-1 had higher grain yield and stable in performance across seasons. The estimation of phenotypic coefficient of variation in all the traits studied was greater than those of the genotypic coefficient of variation. High heritability estimates (> 0.5) were observed for days to heading, days to maturity, and plant height, while the other characters recorded low to moderate heritability. The high GA % for plant height and days to heading (day) was accompanied by high heritability estimates, which indicated that heritability is mainly due to genetic variance. Comparatively high expected genetic advances were observed for grain yield components such as number of kernels spike-1 and 1000-kernel weight. Grain yield had the low heritability estimate with a relatively intermediate value for expected genetic advance. The results of principle component analysis (PCA) indicated that the superior durum wheat genotypes for grain yield in the two seasons (AC-5 and BS-1) are clustered in group II (Fig. 2). Also, the superior two bread wheat genotypes (AC-3 and SD12) were in group I. Therefore, it could be future breeding program to develop new high yielding genotypes in bread and durum wheat.

scholarly journals Adaptation of Malt Barley (Hordeum Vulgare L.) Varieties in the highlands of North Gondar

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
Zeynu Tahir ◽  
Asfaw Azanaw
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Spike Length ◽  
Combined Analysis ◽  
Days To Heading ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Malt Barley

Study was initiated with the objectives to identify high yielder malt barley varieties. The trial has been conducted during 2014 main season and laid out on randomized complete block design with three replications. Analysis of variance was computed using SAS, 2002. At Dabat, result showed that highly significant difference among the varieties (p < 0.05) for all agronomic traits. At Debark and Wegera the analysis of variance indicated that highly significant to a significant difference among varieties  at p < 0.05 for days to heading, days to maturity, plant height, spike length, thousand seed weight and grain yield, and seed per spike. The combined analysis of variance showed that highly significant difference among varieties for days to heading, days to maturity, plant height, spike length, and grain yield. The location also contributed the significant effect for all yield components except biomass and grain yield. The interaction of location by genotype showed the highly significant difference on days to maturity and plant height. The average heading days ranged from 70-81 and the average maturity days were ranged from 127-136. Among the tested varieties, IBON-174/03 and SABINI exhibited highest grain yield. The overall combined analysis indicated that IBON-174/03 and SABINI were high yielder and well adapted at the tested sites. Therefore those varieties are recommended for production in the testes sites, and similar agro-ecologies.     

scholarly journals Wheat Varietal Investigation for the Hill Region of Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepak Pandey ◽  
Nutan Raj Gautam ◽  
Khem Raj Pant ◽  
Dhruba Bahadur Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Agricultural Research Council ◽  
Hill Region ◽  
Days To Heading ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Hill ◽  
Planting Season

Multilocation testing of the Coordinated Varietal Trial (CVT) of wheat genotypes were conducted at different hill research stations of Nepal Agricultural Research Council (NARC) during the normal planting season of 2012/13 and 2013/14. Twenty genotypes including two check varieties were included in Randomized Complete Block (RCB) design with three replications in the experiment. Data on the different yield attributing traits were recorded.  Highly significant difference (p<0.01) among the genotypes for the days to heading, days to maturity, plant height, thousand grain weight and grain yield was observed in 2012/13. Wheat genotype BL 4061 had the highest grain yield with 3802 kg/ha followed by NL 1153 (3736 kg/ha), NL 1159 (3733 kg/ha), NL 1154 (3674 kg/ha) and NL 1156 (3462 kg/ha). In 2013/14 also a highly significant difference among the tested genotypes for all the recorded traits was observed and these genotypes were stable for the yield and yield attributing traits. The most promising genotypes for the grain yield was NL 1153 (5816 kg/ha) followed by NL 1178 (5760 kg/ha), NL 1156 (5454 kg/ha), NL 1159 (5259 kg/ha) and NL 1179 (5075 kg/ha). From the yield and other yield attributing trait wheat genotypes NL 1055, NL 1153, NL 1159, NL 1156 and NL 1179 need to be tested under farmers’ field for further confirmation and release as variety.

scholarly journals Effects of Sowing Dates on Yield and Yield Components of Different Varieties of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in Western Uttar Pradesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 188-192
Author(s):  
Y. P. Singh ◽  
◽  
Satybhan Singh ◽  
V. K. Dhangrah ◽  
Tripuresh Mishra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Days To Flowering ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Days To Maturity

An experiment was conducted during Rabi season (November-December) of 2018–19 to study the effect of three dates of sowing (26th November, 11th December and 25th December) on growth, yield attributes and yield of fivewheat varieties (HD-2967, HD-3086, WH-1105, PBW-343 and PBW-226) at Agricultural Research Farm of IFTM University, Moradabad (UP) India. The experiment was laid out in Factorial Randomized Design with two replications. Sowing was done at spacing of 22.5 cm in sandy loam soil. The observations were recorded on growth, flowering, maturity, yield and yield components. Analysis of variance showed the significant variations were observed for the characters viz. plant height, days to flowering, spikes per plant, days to maturity, grain yield, test weight, straw yield, biological yield and harvest index due to changing dates of sowing. However, varietal variations were recorded for plant height, days to flowering, spikes per plant, days to maturity and test weight. Wheat sown on 26th November recorded significant increase in plant height, tillers plant-1, spikes-1 plant, grain yield and straw yield over late sowing on 11th December and 25th December. There was no significant variation among varieties for yield and yield contributing traits such as grains spike-1, grain and straw yield. Significant interaction effects between dates of sowing and varieties were found for days to flowering which showed that the variety HD-2967 is as best wheat variety for early sown and PBW-226 for late sown conditions in order to obtain better returns.

scholarly journals Varietal Improvement of Wheat for Eastern Terai of Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 519-524
Author(s):  
Hari Kumar Prasai
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Combined Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Research Station ◽  
Days To Heading ◽  
Check Variety ◽  
Varietal Improvement

The regional varietal experiments of wheat were composed by selecting promising genotypes from coordinated varietal trial. Both early and late sown experiments of wheat regional varietal trial (RVT) were seeded in Regional Agricultural Research Station, Tarahara, Sunsari, Nepal in 2014 and 2015. Late sown experiment was seeded after 15 days of early seeding experiment to identify suitable genotypes for delay seeding condition. Amongst the tested genotypes in RVT early of 2014 and 2015, the highest grain yield was produced by BL 3555 (3351 kg/ha) and BL 4018 (3309 kg/ha). Similarly BL 4012, BL 3978, BL 3264 and BL 4406 genotypes also recorded 12-18 percent higher grain yield than the yield of standard check variety, Aditya. All tested characters except spikes/m2 included in over year analysis of RVT early was found significantly different due to genotypes. Similarly out of the tested genotypes in RVT (late) of 2014 and 2015, NL 1177 (2933 kg/ha) and BL 3555 (2764 kg/ha) were found high yielding genotypes in combined analysis over year and grain yield of other tested genotypes was observed at par with check variety.  Days to heading, maturity, plant height and yrain yield of RVT (late sown) experiment were observed significantly different due to genotypes in over year analysis.Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 4(4): 519-524

scholarly journals Estimation of genetic parameters of yield and yield traits in wheat genotypes under rainfed conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imran Khan ◽  
Fida Mohammad ◽  
Fahim Ullah Khan
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Days To Heading ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

Development of superior crop varieties is the prime objectives of all plant breeding programs. To determine genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance, 24 elite bread wheat lines were planted in randomized complete block design with three replications at the University of Agriculture, Peshawar under rainfed conditions. Data were recorded on days to heading, days to maturity, plant height (cm), flag leaf area (cm-2), spike length (cm), grain yield (kg ha-1), biological yield (kg ha-1), 1000 grain weight (g), grains spike-1, grain weight spike-1(g), and harvest index (%). Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among genotypes for all the traits studied. Broad sense heritability was high for days to heading (0.89), grain weight spike-1(0.61g), spike length (0.70 cm), 1000-grain weight (0.62g), grain yield (0.78 kg ha-1) and harvest index (0.62%); and was moderate for days to maturity (0.52), plant height (0.38 cm), and grains spike-1 (0.49), while low heritability was estimated for spike weight (0.25g), flag leaf area (0.28 cm-2) and biological yield (0.25 kg ha-1). The values of genetic advance for days to heading, days to maturity, plant height, spike length, grains spike-1, grain weight spike-1, 1000-grain weight, grain yield, biological yield, flag leaf area, and harvest index were; 5.47, 1.88, 4.01, 6.42, 0.16, 5.02, 0.71, 418.83, 379.64, 2.89 and 3.92, respectively. Genotype PR 105 surpassed all other genotypes in grain yield (3144.33 kg ha-1) and hence it can be recommended for rainfed area. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v4i2.12637 International Journal of Environment Vol.4(2) 2015: 193-205

scholarly journals Evaluation of Elite Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes for Yield and Yield Attributing Traits under Irrigated Condition

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-202
Author(s):  
Ramji Prasad Bhattarai ◽  
Bishnu Raj Ojha ◽  
Dhruba Bahadur Thapa ◽  
Raju Kharel ◽  
Ankit Ojha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Thousand Kernel Weight ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Grain Filling Duration

Thirty International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT) elite lines and Nepalese commercial wheat varieties were grown at Agriculture and Forestry University, Chitwan in Alpha-lattice design to identify high yielding genotypes, yield attributing parameters and correlations between them. Observations were taken for different morpho-physiological and yield attributing traits i.e., days to booting, heading, anthesis, maturity, flag leaf senescence, flag leaf duration, grain filling duration, plant height, spike length, number of grains per spike, thousand kernel weight, hectoliter weight, grain yield and biomass yield. Significant genotypic differences were observed for all the traits studied indicating considerable amount of variation among genotypes for each character. The mean grain yield was 2148 kg/ha and it ranged from 1000 to 3425 kg/ha. BLOUK#1/4/WHEAR/KUKUNA/3/C80.1/3*BATAVIA//2*WBLL1/5/MUNAL #1 (35th ESWYT138) was the highest grain yielding genotype among all followed by CHIBIA//PRLII/CM65531/3/FISCAL/4/DANPHE#1/5/CHIBIA//PRLII/CM65531/3/SKAUZ/BAV92 (ESWYT 141), Gautam, Vijay and CHYAK1*2/3/HUW234+LR34/PRINIA//PFAU/WEAVER (ESWYT129). Grain yield had significant strong positive correlation with grain filling duration (0.685**), plant height (0.606**), thousand kernel weight (0.675**), biomass yield (0.892**) and hectoliter weight (0.586**). Four clusters were formed by cluster analysis and genotypes were grouped in a particular cluster on the basis of similarity of morpho-physiological traits. So, these genotypes may be exploited for their direct release or as parents in hybridization programmes to develop high yielding wheat varieties.Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 5(2): 194-202

scholarly journals Varietal Screening of Wheat Genotypes against Spot Blotch Disease (Bipolaris sorokiniana) Under Field Condition at Bhairahawa, Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 267-276
Author(s):  
A. Pandey ◽  
R. Paudel ◽  
K. Kafle ◽  
M. Sharma ◽  
N. Maharjan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Spot Blotch ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Progress Curve ◽  
Days To Heading ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Varietal Screening

A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the performance of wheat genotypes against spot blotch disease from November 2016 to April 2017. Experimental field was designed in Alpha Lattice Design with 2 replications and 20 genotypes as treatments. Area Under Disease Progress Curve (AUDPC) value, days to heading, days to maturity, plant height, spike per m2, grain per spike, Thousand Kernel Weight (TKW), grain yield were examined. Negative correlation was observed between yield of different genotypes and AUDPC i.e. -0.17322. Genotype BL 4699 and NL 1247 were found to be resistant with AUDPC value 141.7 and 140.6 and yield 3.335MT/ha and 3.604MT/ha respectively. Similarly, genotype BL 4708, NL 1327 and BL 4707 were found to be tolerant with AUDPC value 567.2, 570.6 and 274.6 and yield 3.761MT/ha, 3.642MT/ha and 3.681Mt/ha respectively. So, resistant and tolerant genotypes BL 4699, NL 1247, BL 4708, NL 1327 and BL 4707 could be suggested to incorporate into the breeding program.

scholarly journals Combining Ability Analysis in Sweet Corn (Zea Mays Saccharrata L.) Using Line by Tester Design

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
Abdullah Khan ◽  
◽  
Hidayat Ur-Rahman ◽  
Ashfaq Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Iqbal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Corn Breeding ◽  
High Heritability

Aim The purpose of this study was to investigate the different combination of testcrosses for morphological and yield relating traits and to investigate general combining ability of the inbred lines. Materials and Methods This research was conducted at The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan during 2016. Line x-tester analysis was used to test general combining ability (GCA) effects of 24 S4 lines of sweet corn. Alpha lattice design with two replications and two checks was used during the experiment. Research data were recorded on various flowering, morphological and yield parameters. Results Highly significant variations were recorded among the testcrosses for the studied traits except anthesis silking interval (ASI), 100-kernel weight. Minimum days to tasseling (48-days) and silking (53.5-days) was exhibited by pop-syn-swt (9-4)×synthetic sweet. GCA effect was -2.14 for tasseling and -2.00 for silking. Maximum value (3.5-days) for ASI was recorded for Pop-synswt 1(8-3)×synthetic sweet, while GCA effect for ASI was -0.71. Lowest plant height (129.8 cm) was recorded for pop-syn-swt 1(3-3)×synthetic sweet, while GCA effect for plant height was observed to be -14.79. Maximum cob length (16.6 cm) was revealed by pop-syn-swt 1(12-2)×synthetic sweet. For cob length GCA effect of 1.01 was recorded. Maximum 100 kernel weight (31.3 g) was estimated for pop-syn-swt 1(2-1)×synthetic sweet. GCA effect of 1.85 was recorded for 100-kernel weight. Highest mean (7143.9 kg ha-1) for grain yield was recorded for pop-syn-swt 1(9-4)×synthetic sweet. GCA effect for grain yield was found to be 1370.93. Conclusion Generally a low GCA value, either positive or negative indicates that the mean of a parent does not largely vary from its offsprings. In contrast, high GCA value suggests that parent is either superior or inferior to the general mean and it has high heritability and less environmental effects. Based on the findings in this research, the above mentioned testcrosses can be included in future sweet corn breeding programs where early flowering and yield attributes is desired.

scholarly journals Responses of Grain Maize to Plant Density at Different Irrigation Regimes

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 544-548
Author(s):  
Sara SAMADVAND ◽  
Mohammad MAJIDI ◽  
Gholamreza HEIDARI ◽  
Yahya EMAM
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Irrigation Regimes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Kernel Yield

In order to examine the effects of different plant densities, plant patterns and irrigation regimes on yield, yield components and harvest index of grain maize, a field experiment was conducted at Miyandoab Agricultural Research Station, Iran. A strip split plot experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications. The results showed that the effect of plant density was significant on kernel yield, harvest index, 1,000 kernel weight. The highest kernel yield was obtained from 90,000 plants ha-1 density. Maximum grain yield (18.530 t ha-1) was obtained from furrow irrigation. However, there was no significant difference between moisture levels of 100% and 120% of field capacity. The lowest kernel yield was obtained at 80% field capacity. This study also showed that mean kernel weight and the number of kernels per row were the most determinant factors in grain yield formation. The highest and the lowest harvest indices were obtained at 120% and 80% treatments of field capacity treatment, respectively. 

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