scholarly journals Radiographic assessment of mandibular canal in Nepalese population: a study based on cone beam computed tomography images

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
Pragya Shrestha ◽  
Dil Islam Mansur ◽  
Manoj Humagain ◽  
Sushmit Koju ◽  
Sunima Maskey
Keyword(s):  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Mandibular Canal ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Cortical Plate ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
Adjacent Structures ◽  
Relationship Of

Background: Mandibular canal runs in the body and ramus of mandible and provides pas­sage for inferior alveolar nerve. Knowledge on spatial relationship of canal with adjacent structures prevent damage to nerve during surgical procedures. This study aims to find three-dimensional relationship of canal as well as its relation with third molar. Methods: This was a cross sectional and retrospective study conducted on Cone Beam Com­puted Tomography images. The relation and position of canal with third molar and position of canal in vertical and horizontal dimensions were analyzed. Results: Mandibular canal was found to be progressively descended in 43% of the canals. The canal was located apical to third molar in 61.9% cases and regarding contact relation, 121(56%) of the third molars had no contact with the canal. Buccal cortical plate was maxi­mum at the level of distal root of second molar and minimum at the level of mesial root of first molar and was reverse for lingual cortical plate. The highest distance between upper border of canal and inferior border of mandible was at mental foramen 13.55±2.27 mm and lowest at mesial root of second molar, 8.72±2.59 mm. Minimum distance between superior border of canal and alveolar crest was distal to second molar (13.78±3.54 mm) and maximum between first molar and second premolar (17.91±3.08 mm). Conclusions: It was observed that canal was interradicularly placed and was by penetrated by third molar in some cases. Thickness of cortical plates varied in various locations buccally and lingually.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Retromolar Canal in Taiwan Subpopulation: A Cross-Sectional Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Study in a Medical Center

Tomography ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-227
Author(s):  
Yen-Wen Shen ◽  
Wan-Chun Chang ◽  
Heng-Li Huang ◽  
Ming-Tzu Tsai ◽  
Lih-Jyh Fuh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Center ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Mandibular Canal ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Horizontal Distance ◽  
Taiwanese Population ◽  
Mandibular Bone ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
The Third ◽  
Retromolar Canal

The retromolar canal is an anatomical variation that occurs in the mandibular bone. The retromolar canal typically originates in the mandibular canal on the distal side of the third molar and extends forward and upward to the retromolar foramen (RMF), which contains the neurovascular bundle. Accidentally damaging the neurovascular bundle in the retromolar canal during the extraction of the third molar, dental implant surgery, or maxillofacial orthognathic surgery may lead to subsequent complications such as incomplete local anesthesia, paresthesia, and bleeding during operation. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of the RMF in the Taiwanese population in a medical center by using dental cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and to identify the position of the RMF in the mandibular bone. The dental CBCT images for the mandibular bone of 68 hemi-mandible were uploaded to the medical imaging software Mimics 15.1 to determine the prevalence of the RMF in the Taiwanese population and the three positional parameters of the RMF in the mandibular bone: (1) The diameter of the RMF, (2) the horizontal distance from the midpoint of the RMF to the distal cementoenamel junction of the second molar, and (3) the vertical distance from the midpoint of the RMF to the upper border of the mandibular canal. Seven RMFs were observed in the 68 hemi-mandibles. Thus, the RMF prevalence was 10.3%. In addition, the diameter of the RMF was 1.41 ± 0.30 mm (mean ± standard deviation), the horizontal distance from the midpoint of the RMF to the distal cementoenamel junction of the the second molar was 12.93 ± 2.87 mm, and the vertical distance from the midpoint of the RMF to the upper border of the mandibular canal below second molar was 13.62 ± 1.3487 mm. This study determined the prevalence of the RMF in the Taiwanese population in a medical center and its relative position in the mandibular bone. This information can provide clinicians with a reference for posterior mandible anesthesia and surgery to ensure medical safety.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Relationship between Mandibular Third Molar and Mandibular Canal by Different Algorithms of Cone-beam Computed Tomography

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 740-745
Author(s):  
Mojdeh Mehdizadeh ◽  
Navid Ahmadi ◽  
Mahsa Jamshidi
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Mandibular Canal ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mandibular Third Molar ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT Objectives Exact location of the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) bundle is very important. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between the mandibular third molar and the mandibular canal by cone-beam computed tomography. Study design This was a cross-sectional study with convenience sampling. 94 mandibular CBCTs performed with CSANEX 3D machine (Soredex, Finland) and 3D system chosen. Vertical and horizontal relationship between the mandibular canal and the third molar depicted by 3D, panoramic reformat view of CBCT and cross-sectional view. Cross-sectional view was our gold standard and other view evaluated by it. Results There were significant differences between the vertical and horizontal relation of nerve and tooth in all views (p < 0.001). Conclusion The results showed differences in the position of the inferior alveolar nerve with different views of CBCT, so CBCT images are not quite reliable and have possibility of error. How to cite this article Mehdizadeh M, Ahmadi N, Jamshidi M. Evaluation of the Relationship between Mandibular Third Molar and Mandibular Canal by Different Algorithms of Cone-beam Computed Tomography. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(6):740-745.

scholarly journals Cone Beam Computerized Tomography Measurement of Alveolar Ridge at Posterior Mandible for Implant Graft Estimation

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. e231-e237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjian Zhang ◽  
Justin Tullis ◽  
Robin Weltman
Keyword(s):  
Computerized Tomography ◽  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Cortical Plate ◽  
Alveolar Ridge ◽  
Alveolar Crest ◽  
Mandibular Molar ◽  
Cone Beam Computerized Tomography ◽  
Inferior Border

Damaging the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) is the most serious complication when harvesting an autogenous graft from posterior mandible. The objective of this study was to use cone beam computerized tomography (CBCT) to measure dimensions of the alveolar ridge in the posterior mandible for estimation of a safe graft size, and then analyze how it is related to the gender, age, and dentition status of subjects. CBCT scans were screened to include 59 subjects without interfering pathologies. Alveolar height was measured from the alveolar crest to superior border of IAN and also to the inferior border of the mandible. Alveolar width (from buccal to lingual cortical plates) and buccal bone thickness (from buccal cortical plate to mandibular molar mesial root buccal surface) were measured at the coronal, middle, and apical thirds divided from the alveolar crest to the IAN. It was found that males and dentate sites had larger alveolar dimensions than did females and edentulous sites, respectively. Bone volume did not correlate significantly with age. Buccal bone thicknesses increased from coronal to apical and from the first to the third molar generally. A larger bone graft could be harvested from male than female patients, with a mean harvestable graft dimension (height × width in mm) for male was 15.5 × 3.2, and for female was 14.1 × 2.9. In conclusion, males and dentate arches demonstrate larger alveolar volumes than do females and edentulous regions, respectively. Larger alveolar grafts can be harvested from males compared to the females. Age does not seem to affect alveolar dimension/graft volume.

scholarly journals Bifid canals: identification of three clinical cases using cone-beam computed tomography images

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-266
Author(s):  
Paulo de Camargo MORAES ◽  
Daniela Prata TACCHELLI ◽  
Rubens Gonçalves TEIXEIRA ◽  
Luciana Butini OLIVEIRA ◽  
José Luiz Cintra JUNQUEIRA
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Mandibular Canal ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Bone Lesions ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
First Case ◽  
Clinical Cases

ABSTRACT Anatomical variations of mandibular canal have rarely been reported in the literature. The aim of this paper is to present three clinical cases of bifid mandibular canal diagnosed with cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) as well as discuss its clinical implications. The first case is very interesting due to its anatomic variation verified in a panoramic radiograph during orthodontic planning, mimicking an odontogenic tumor. The second and the third cases were identified during tomographic evaluation for third molar exodontia. The diagnosis of bifid canals is extremely relevant in order to avoid complications during surgical procedures and implant placement as well as anesthesia failures which cause pain, paresthesia and bleeding. Furthermore, the shape of these anatomical variations can be confused with bone lesions.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Lingual Canals of Mandible in Cone Beam Computed Tomography

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (11) ◽  
pp. 4105-4111
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve ◽  
Mandibular Canal ◽  
Sensory Innervation ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Cortical Plate ◽  
Incisive Canal ◽  
Mandibular Body ◽  
Mylohyoid Nerve ◽  
Lingual Canal

This study aims to assess the frequency of the lingual foramina and canals relative to their location on the mandibular cortical plate and also to closely inspect the course of the lingual canals inside the mandibular body using 3D reconstruction of the evaluated area. A retrospective study was conducted with 55 cone bean computed tomography (CBCT) scans in order to analyze the location, number, course and anastomosing pattern of the lingual canals. A total number of 165 lingual canals (LCs) were recorded from 55 patients, as follows: 94 median (MLC), 16 paramedian (PLC) and 55 lateral lingual canals (LLC). MLCs were a constant finding in all 55 patients (100% of the cases), PLCs were present in 15 patients (27.3% of the cases), and LLCs were identified in 35 patients (63.3% of the cases). The anastomosing pattern of the MLC, in which a supraspinous canal anastomosed with an infraspinous canal, was found in 10.9% of the cases (6 of 55 patients),. The LLCs were anastomosed with the mandibular incisive canal (MIC) in 56.3% of the cases (31 of 55 LLCs) and with the mandibular canal (MC) in 3.6% of the cases (2 of 55 LLCs). CBCT revealed itself to be a reliable tool for evaluating the intramandibular topography of the LCs. The anastomosing pattern of the lingual canals might raise the question whether the LCs could be responsible for incomplete anesthesia after conventional mandibular block by carrying sensory innervation from the mylohyoid nerve to the inferior alveolar nerve. Keywords: mandible, lingual canal, intramandibular anastomosis, CBCT

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Lingual Canals of Mandible in Cone Beam Computed Tomography

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (11) ◽  
pp. 4105-4111
Author(s):  
Andrei Leonid Chirita ◽  
Mugurel Constantin Rusu ◽  
Ruxandra Stanescu ◽  
Gabriela Tanase ◽  
Mihai Butucescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve ◽  
Mandibular Canal ◽  
Sensory Innervation ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Cortical Plate ◽  
Incisive Canal ◽  
Mandibular Body ◽  
Mylohyoid Nerve

This study aims to assess the frequency of the lingual foramina and canals relative to their location on the mandibular cortical plate and also to closely inspect the course of the lingual canals inside the mandibular body using 3D reconstruction of the evaluated area. A retrospective study was conducted with 55 cone bean computed tomography (CBCT) scans in order to analyze the location, number, course and anastomosing pattern of the lingual canals. A total number of 165 lingual canals (LCs) were recorded from 55 patients, as follows: 94 median (MLC), 16 paramedian (PLC) and 55 lateral lingual canals (LLC). MLCs were a constant finding in all 55 patients (100% of the cases), PLCs were present in 15 patients (27.3% of the cases), and LLCs were identified in 35 patients (63.3% of the cases). The anastomosing pattern of the MLC, in which a supraspinous canal anastomosed with an infraspinous canal, was found in 10.9% of the cases (6 of 55 patients),. The LLCs were anastomosed with the mandibular incisive canal (MIC) in 56.3% of the cases (31 of 55 LLCs) and with the mandibular canal (MC) in 3.6% of the cases (2 of 55 LLCs). CBCT revealed itself to be a reliable tool for evaluating the intramandibular topography of the LCs. The anastomosing pattern of the lingual canals might raise the question whether the LCs could be responsible for incomplete anesthesia after conventional mandibular block by carrying sensory innervation from the mylohyoid nerve to the inferior alveolar nerve.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Juxta-Apical Radiolucency as a Risk Factor for Inferior Alveolar Nerve Damage: A Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Khojastepour ◽  
Mohammad Ghasemi ◽  
Shabnam Rasti ◽  
Mahvash Hasani
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Cortical Plate ◽  
Third Molar Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Injuries to the lingual and inferior alveolar nerves (IAN) through third molar surgery are common and complicated clinical problems. Juxta-apical radiolucency (JAR) is one of the new radiographic signs, suggestive of IAN damage. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the relationship between JAR and IAN and to determine its effects on the cortical plate. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, after evaluating an initial sample of 450 cases, the cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of 20 patients with JAR were compared with those of 20 age-matched patients without JAR in the axial and multi-planar images. The relationship between JAR and IAN was evaluated, and thinning of the mandibular cortical plates was also investigated. Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive tests and chi-square test in SPSS version 23. Results: The relationship between JAR and IAN was statistically significant (P = 0.001). The cortical plates were perforated in 75% of cases with JAR as opposed to 45% of cases without JAR (P = 0.06). The relationship between the location of JAR and IAN was also significant (P = 0.004). Conclusions: Based on the present results, JAR was associated with IAN in most cases. Thinning of the cortical plates was observed in all cases of JAR.

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