scholarly journals Maternal Mortality: Paradigm Shift in Nepal

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
TR Bhadari ◽  
G Dangal
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Health ◽  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Maternal Mortality Ratio ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Millennium Development Goal ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Continuous Assessment ◽  
Development Goal ◽  
Quality Health ◽  
Mortality Ratio

Achieving Millennium Development Goal (MDG) 5 still remains a challenge to Nepal. It is necessary to collect reliable evidence on maternal health for tackling MDG 5 with limited resources. A continuous assessment of maternal mortality is required to assure the progress towards the MDG 5. This study aims to assess the results of the different studies on maternal mortality in Nepal.The results published in PubMed, Lancet, Medline, WHO and Google Scholar web pages from 1990 to 2012 have been utilized to prepare this paper. In spite of the low proportion of births attended by skilled persons and institutional delivery, the maternal mortality ratio (MMR) in Nepal has declined drastically between the years 1990 and 2011, from 850 to 229 deaths per 100,000 live births. In recent years, Nepal is also reaching progress in different maternal health indicators such as mothers receiving antenatal care from skilled providers (60%- up from 24% in 1996). More than one-third births in the past five years have been assisted by skilled care providers. Nearly, 45% of women received postnatal care for their last birth in the first two days after delivery, 38% of women is aware of abortion which has been legalized since 2003.Though maternal health is a priority agenda of Nepal among the policy makers and the country is likely to achieve Millennium Development Goal 5 by the year 2015, there is still a wide gap between policies and charted targets, and the real accessibility and availability of the quality health services. DOI: http://www.dx.doi.org/10.3126/njog.v7i2.11132   Nepal Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology / Vol 7 / No. 2 / Issue 14 / July-Dec, 2012 / 3-8

scholarly journals Millennium Development Goal 5 and adolescents: looking back, moving forward

2015 ◽  
Vol 100 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. S43-S47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua P Vogel ◽  
Cynthia Pileggi-Castro ◽  
Venkatraman Chandra-Mouli ◽  
Vicky Nogueira Pileggi ◽  
João Paulo Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Health ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Universal Access ◽  
Maternal Mortality Ratio ◽  
Millennium Development Goal ◽  
Reproductive Health Services ◽  
Development Goal ◽  
Health Community ◽  
Mortality Ratio

Since the Millennium Declaration in 2000, unprecedented progress has been made in the reduction of global maternal mortality. Millennium Development Goal 5 (MDG 5; improving maternal health) includes two primary targets, 5A and 5B. Target 5A aimed for a 75% reduction in the global maternal mortality ratio (MMR), and 5B aimed to achieve universal access to reproductive health. Globally, maternal mortality since 1990 has nearly halved and access to reproductive health services in developing countries has substantially improved. In setting goals and targets for the post-MDG era, the global maternal health community has recognised that ultimate goal of ending preventable maternal mortality is now within reach. The new target of a global MMR of <70 deaths per 100 000 live births by 2030 is ambitious, yet achievable and to reach this target a significantly increased effort to promote and ensure universal, equitable access to reproductive, maternal and newborn services for all women and adolescents will be required. In this article, as we reflect on patterns, trends and determinants of maternal mortality, morbidity and other key MDG5 indicators among adolescents, we aim to highlight the importance of promoting and protecting the sexual and reproductive health and rights of adolescents as part of renewed global efforts to end preventable maternal mortality.

Declining maternal mortality ratio in Uganda: Priority interventions to achieve the Millennium Development Goal

2007 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.K. Mbonye ◽  
M.G. Mutabazi ◽  
J.B. Asimwe ◽  
O. Sentumbwe ◽  
J. Kabarangira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Maternal Mortality Ratio ◽  
Millennium Development Goal ◽  
Development Goal ◽  
Mortality Ratio

Effectiveness of Official Development Assistance in the Health Sector in Africa: A Case Study of Uganda

2020 ◽  
pp. 0272684X2091804
Author(s):  
Cyriaque Rene Sobtafo Nguefack
Keyword(s):  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Development Assistance ◽  
Maternal Mortality Ratio ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Official Development Assistance ◽  
Mortality Ratio

This qualitative explanatory case study assessed the influence of Official Development Assistance on selected health development indicators in Uganda between 2005 and 2013 by reviewing development partners’ perceptions. Key health indicators included the following: (a) under 5-year-old mortality rates, (b) infant mortality rates, and (c) maternal mortality ratio. Results indicated slow progress in reducing infant mortality and under-5 mortality rates and almost no progress in the maternal mortality ratio despite the disbursement of a yearly average of nearly $400 million USD in the last 7 years to the health sector in Uganda. Five bottlenecks in the influence of development assistance on health indicators were identified: (a) poor governance and accountability framework in the country, (b) ineffective supply chain of health commodities, (c) negative cultural beliefs, (d) insufficient government funding to health care, and (e) insufficient alignment of development assistance to the National Development Plan and noncompliance with the Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness.

scholarly journals Childbirth Experiences and Delivery Care During Times of War: Testimonies of Syrian Women and Doctors

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyam Bashour ◽  
Mayada Kharouf ◽  
Jocelyn DeJong
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Maternal Mortality Ratio ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Delivery Care ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Near Misses ◽  
Birth Attendance ◽  
Depth Interviews

Background: Until the eruption of violence in 2011, Syria made good progress in improving maternal health indicators including reducing the maternal mortality ratio and increasing the level of skilled birth attendance. The war in Syria has been described as one of the worst humanitarian crises in recent times. Damascus Maternity Teaching Hospital is the largest maternity public hospital in the country that survived the war and continued to provide its services even during periods of pronounced instability. The main aim of this paper is to highlight the experience of childbirth and delivery care as described by women and doctors at times of severe violence affecting Damascus.Methods: This paper is based on secondary analysis of qualitative data collected between 2012 and 2014 for a WHO-funded implementation research project introducing clinical audits for maternal near-misses. This analysis specifically looked at the effects of violence on the childbirth experience and delivery care from the perspective of both women and physicians. A total of 13 in-depth interviews with women who had recently delivered and survived a complication and 13 in-depth interviews with consultant obstetricians were reviewed and analyzed, in addition to three focus group discussions with 31 junior care providers.Results: Three themes emerged concerning the experiences of women and doctors in these times of war. First, both women and doctors experienced difficulty reaching the hospital and accessing and providing the services, respectively; second, quality of care was challenged at that time as perceived by both women and doctors; and third, women and doctors expressed their psychological suffering in times of hardship and uncertainty and how this affected them.Conclusions: Efforts to safeguard the safety of delivery and prevent maternal mortality in Syria continued despite very violent and stressful conditions. Both women and providers developed strategies to navigate the challenges posed by conflict to the provision of delivery care. Lessons learned from the experiences of both women and doctors should be considered in any plans to improve maternal healthcare in a country like Syria that remains committed to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals in 2030 in the aftermath of nearly 10 years of war.

scholarly journals Two decades of Iranian midwives' activities as a health care provider under supervision in a multidisciplinary team in reducing maternal mortality

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mojgan Mirghafourvand ◽  
Shahla Khosravi ◽  
Jafar Sadegh Tabrizi ◽  
Azam Mohammadi ◽  
Parvin Abedi
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Health Care Provider ◽  
Care Provider ◽  
Multidisciplinary Team ◽  
Maternal Mortality Ratio ◽  
Development Goal ◽  
Decline Rate ◽  
Mortality Ratio ◽  
Annual Decline

AbstractIran is amongst the countries that have achieved the fifth goal of the United Nations Millennium Development Goal. The maternal mortality ratio (MMR) in Iran has declined from 48 cases per 100,000 in 2000 to 16 cases per 100,000 in 2017, showing an annual decline rate of about 6.3%. In the International Year of the Nurse and the Midwife (year 2020), this commentary highlights two decades of Iranian midwives' activities as a health care provider under supervision in a multidisciplinary team in reducing maternal mortality.

Sustainable Development Goal 3 and Maternal Health in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 247-271
Author(s):  
Idongesit Eshiet
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Maternal Health ◽  
Postnatal Care ◽  
Maternal Mortality Ratio ◽  
Sustainable Development Goal ◽  
Maternal Deaths ◽  
Development Goal ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Mortality Ratio ◽  
The Government

This chapter addresses the feasibility of Nigeria achieving Target 3.1 of Sustainable Development Goal 3, which aims at reducing maternal deaths to less than 70 per 100,000 live births by 2030. Maternal deaths occur due to lack of access to maternal healthcare, which encompasses the healthcare dimensions of family planning, preconception, prenatal, and postnatal care for women. Nigeria is presently the second largest contributor to maternal deaths globally, having a maternal mortality ratio of 814 per 100,000 live births. Will Nigeria achieve this goal by 2030? This chapter assesses the maternal health landscape of Nigeria and the measures taken by the government to address maternal health from the perspective of the feasibility of achieving SDG 3, Target 3.1 by 2030.

Sustainable Development Goal 3 and Maternal Health in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 247-271
Author(s):  
Idongesit Eshiet
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Maternal Health ◽  
Postnatal Care ◽  
Maternal Mortality Ratio ◽  
Sustainable Development Goal ◽  
Maternal Deaths ◽  
Development Goal ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Mortality Ratio ◽  
The Government

This chapter addresses the feasibility of Nigeria achieving Target 3.1 of Sustainable Development Goal 3, which aims at reducing maternal deaths to less than 70 per 100,000 live births by 2030. Maternal deaths occur due to lack of access to maternal healthcare, which encompasses the healthcare dimensions of family planning, preconception, prenatal, and postnatal care for women. Nigeria is presently the second largest contributor to maternal deaths globally, having a maternal mortality ratio of 814 per 100,000 live births. Will Nigeria achieve this goal by 2030? This chapter assesses the maternal health landscape of Nigeria and the measures taken by the government to address maternal health from the perspective of the feasibility of achieving SDG 3, Target 3.1 by 2030.

scholarly journals Strategies to improve the maternal health programmes under NHM towards MDG-5: maternal mortality in Karnataka

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1087
Author(s):  
R. R. Kularni ◽  
D Venkatesh
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Health ◽  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Program Implementation ◽  
Maternal Mortality Ratio ◽  
Exact Result ◽  
Health Programs ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Maternal Deaths ◽  
Mortality Ratio ◽  
Health Programmes

Background: Since from the inception of safe mother hood programs in India during 1982-1990, there is no enough maternal health initiative and financial resource for funding public health activities. So number of maternal deaths is more in India, presently which is accounted 20% of the world total maternal deaths. The global and national importance has been given during 1990 by forming millennium development goal -5 (MDG) to improve maternal health programs. During these days MMR was high and there has been recognition for Maternal Health Programs since from 1997, when RCH-I, in the year 2005. National rural health mission (NRHM) was launched with the primary and main objective was to reduce infant and maternal mortality rate as per goal and target fixed by the 12th five year plan (NHM) and MDG -5. Under NHM enough financial resources envelop has been allotted to states of India as per program implementation plan (PIP), so effective utilization of these strategic and financial resources to reduce MMR. Hence this study needs to form strategies to improve the maternal health programs to reduce maternal mortality ratio as per NHM and MDG. Methods: We used the range of methods, like analytical methods to generate the strategies to reduce maternal deaths due to the particular cause by introducing the maternal health programmes with the strategies. Results: Maternal mortality ratio reduced from an estimated level of 437 in 1990 to 178 in 2010–12.The all India and Karnataka target for 2015 was 109 so far not reached. It has to be reached at least by 2017. Conclusions: Optimal using of resources with the implementation of proper strategies, it will give the exact result for achievement of planned goal. This study is also revealed that all the aspects of maternal health programmes and MMR. 

scholarly journals Designed to Fail? Revisiting Uganda’s Maternal Health Policies to Understand Policy Design Issues Underpinning missed Targets for Reduction of Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR): 2000-2015

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moses Mukuru ◽  
Jonathan Gorry ◽  
Suzanne N. Kiwanuka ◽  
Linda Gibson ◽  
David Musoke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Health ◽  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Policy Design ◽  
Maternal Mortality Ratio ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Delay Model ◽  
Design Issues ◽  
Maternal Deaths ◽  
Mortality Ratio ◽  
Three Delays

Background: Despite Uganda and other Sub-Saharan African countries missing their Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) targets for Millenium Development Goal (MDG) 5, limited attention has been paid to policy design in the literature examining the persistence of preventable maternal mortality. This study examined the specific policy interventions designed to reduce maternal deaths in Uganda and identified particular policy design issues that underpinned MDG 5 performance. We suggest a novel prescriptive and analytical (re)conceptualization of policy in terms of its fidelity to ‘3Cs’ (coherence of design, comprehensiveness of coverage and consistency in application) that could have implications for future healthcare programming. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study. Sixteen Ugandan maternal health policy documents and twenty-one national programme performance reports were examined, and six key informant interviews conducted with national stakeholders managing maternal health programmes during the reference period 2000-2015. We applied the analytical framework of the ‘three delay model’ combined with a broader literature on ‘policy mixing’. Results: Despite introducing fourteen separate policy instruments over 15 years with the goal of reducing maternal mortality. By the end of the MDG period in 2015, only 87.5% of the interventions for the three delays were covered with a notable lack of coherence and consistency evident among the instruments. The three delays persisted at the frontline with 70% of deaths by 2014 attributed to failures in referral policies while 67% of maternal deaths were due to inadequacies in healthcare facilities and trained personnel in the same period. By 2015, 37.3% of deaths were due to transportation issues. Conclusions: The piecemeal introduction of additional policy instruments frequently distorted existing synergies among policies resulting in persistence of the three delays and missed MDG 5 target. Future policy reforms should address the ‘three delays’ but also ensure fidelity of policy design to coherence, comprehensiveness and consistency.

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