scholarly journals Internet as System and Environment in Cyberspace: Preliminary Ideas from an Ongoing Research

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-104
Author(s):  
Marcos Palacios
Keyword(s):  
Social Organization ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
Systems Analysis ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Central Point ◽  
Digital City ◽  
Local Networks ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
System Environment ◽  
Critical Scrutiny

The paper discusses the applicability of a pair of concepts - System/Environment - to Internet and Cyberspace. A central point in the discussion is that the pair System/Environment should not be viewed as static analytical poles, but rather as dynamic and interchangeable elements, so that Internet can be conceived both as System and/or Environment, depending on the type of phenomenon one is observing. As a counterpoint to this proposition, the recurrent and “common-sense” notion of Internet as a new medium is presented and criticized. The article also discusses and puts under critical scrutiny the role usually assigned to Internet as a change catalyst or accelerator and the implicit or explicit acceptance of an evolutionary new step in social organization represented by the generalization of New Technologies of Communication. The paper is part of an ongoing research on Digital Cities and Local Networks and proposes some initial steps towards the construction of a model of interpretation based on systems analysis adapted to the particularities of Internet and Cyberspace. The research is anchored on observations of Digital Cities and Local Networks projects at Internet, with special attention to the Aveiro Digital City Project (Portugal).

scholarly journals Internet as System and Environment in Cyberspace: Preliminary Ideas from an Ongoing Research

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-104
Author(s):  
Marcos Palacios
Keyword(s):  
Social Organization ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
Systems Analysis ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Central Point ◽  
Digital City ◽  
Local Networks ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
System Environment ◽  
Critical Scrutiny

The paper discusses the applicability of a pair of concepts - System/Environment - to Internet and Cyberspace. A central point in the discussion is that the pair System/Environment should not be viewed as static analytical poles, but rather as dynamic and interchangeable elements, so that Internet can be conceived both as System and/or Environment, depending on the type of phenomenon one is observing. As a counterpoint to this proposition, the recurrent and “common-sense” notion of Internet as a new medium is presented and criticized. The article also discusses and puts under critical scrutiny the role usually assigned to Internet as a change catalyst or accelerator and the implicit or explicit acceptance of an evolutionary new step in social organization represented by the generalization of New Technologies of Communication. The paper is part of an ongoing research on Digital Cities and Local Networks and proposes some initial steps towards the construction of a model of interpretation based on systems analysis adapted to the particularities of Internet and Cyberspace. The research is anchored on observations of Digital Cities and Local Networks projects at Internet, with special attention to the Aveiro Digital City Project (Portugal).

Sludge minimization by disintegration at different wastewater treatment plants

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luchien Luning ◽  
Paul Roeleveld ◽  
Victor W.M. Claessen
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Biological Degradation ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Sludge Minimization

In recent years new technologies have been developed to improve the biological degradation of sewage sludge by anaerobic digestion. The paper describes the results of a demonstration of ultrasonic disintegration on the Dutch Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) Land van Cuijk. The effect on the degradation of organic matter is presented, together with the effect on the dewatering characteristics. Recommendations are presented for establishing research conditions in which the effect of sludge disintegration can be determined in a more direct way that is less sensitive to changing conditions in the operation of the WWTP. These recommendations have been implemented in the ongoing research in the Netherlands supported by the National Institute for wastewater research (STOWA).

Niangjia: Chinese Women and Their Natal Families

1989 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 525-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen R. Judd
Keyword(s):  
Social Organization ◽  
Chinese Women ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Alternative Models ◽  
Classic Model ◽  
Kinship Relations ◽  
Critical Scrutiny ◽  
Customary Practices

The classic model of Chinese kinship organization, with its complementary emphases on patrilineality, patrilocality, and patriarchy, continues as a framework for research on Chinese social organization despite accumulating evidence of alternative models or of disjunctures within the elite model. This model has come under critical scrutiny from a variety of perspectives, most notably anthropologically informed historical research (Watson 1982; Watson 1985) that has led to a questioning of the lineage model (Freedman 1965) and field-based research that has drawn attention to the prevalence of uxorilocal and “small daughter-in-law” (tongyangxi) marriage and to the nurturing of uterine families (Wolf and Huang 1980; Wolf 1972). My purpose is to contribute to this reassessment with a discussion of customary practices of postmarital dual residence for women and continuing ties between married women and their natal families. These practices and ties cannot be accounted for within the framework of the structural-functionalist model and require an adaptation of practiceoriented theory. This may illuminate the specific structuring patterns and disjunctures described below as well as suggest possibly fruitful lines of analysis for other societies in which lineages are salient. The contribution of this article is to identify and explore a significant dimension of structuring practices in informal kinship relations in rural China.

scholarly journals UTILIZING TECHNOLOGY NETWORKS TO SUPPORT SOCIAL NETWORKS FOR PEOPLE AGING WITH DISABILITY

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S758-S759
Author(s):  
Elena T Remillard ◽  
Wendy Rogers ◽  
Sarah Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Successful Aging ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Tai Chi ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Engineering Research

Abstract A growing number of new smart, internet-enabled technologies from smart phone applications, to teleconferencing, to the Internet of Things (IoT), provide great promise and potential to support successful aging-in-place for people with long-term disabilities. This symposium highlights ongoing research at the TechSAge Rehabilitation Engineering Research Center to identify technology needs and develop/adapt new technologies to promote independence, health, and participation of this population. To understand user needs, Harris et al. will present findings from a large-scale interview study with older adults with long-term vision and mobility disabilities (N=120) that explored specific task-based challenges with community activities (e.g., going to entertainment events, volunteering) as well as solutions and strategies to overcome them. Koon et al. will present findings on perceived facilitators and barriers to using digital assistants (e.g., Amazon Alexa) to facilitate a variety of everyday tasks at home, from shopping to communicating with others, among adults aging with mobility disabilities. Levy et al. will discuss findings from research driving the creation of augmented reality tools that can enable individuals to experience how IoT devices, such as smart thermostats and lightbulbs, could be used within the context of one’s own abilities and home. Mitzner et al., will describe the development of a Tele Tai Chi intervention for older adults with long-term mobility disabilities that employs teleconferencing software to translate an in-person, evidence-based class to an online, social experience. TechSAge Program Officer, Sarah Ruiz (National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research), will serve as the discussant.

Systems Analysis of Diesel Based Fuel Cells for Auxiliary Power Units

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Berry ◽  
Robert James ◽  
Todd H. Gardner ◽  
Dushyant Shekhawat
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Systems Analysis ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Sulfur Poisoning ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Auxiliary Power ◽  
Auxiliary Power Units ◽  
The Impact

The near-term commercial success for many fuel cell technologies will rely on their ability to utilize current infrastructure fuels. Several large ready-markets exist for fuel cell systems that utilize middle distillate petroleum fractions like diesel fuel. One particular application is diesel-based auxiliary power units (APU). Unfortunately, very little research and development has been devoted to this application. Ongoing research at the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) and other organizations is trying to address this need. In order for a fuel cell to utilize diesel fuel, it must be reformed into a synthesis gas containing primarily hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, steam and possibly methane. Because catalytic reforming of hydrocarbon fuels is conducted at the same relative operating temperatures of technologies like solid oxide fuel cells (800–1000°C) a high degree of thermal integration is possible. Unfortunately, carbon deposition and sulfur poisoning of catalysts in the reformer and fuel cell make system operation potentially complicated and costly. To help understand and quantify the impact of these issues on technology development and component, a number of systems analysis was conducted for a diesel-based fuel cell system. One particular system based on a hybrid combustor/reformer concept allowed for excellent utilization of available heat from the fuel cell and yielded an overall fuel to electric conversion efficiency of nearly 50%. This paper discusses its salient features and compares its characteristics to other possible system configurations.

Study of the Valuation of Multimode Optical Fibers by Translation of Transmission Techniques of Optical Fiber and High Speed Mimo Radio Frequency in Local Area Network.

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
MANKITI FATI Aristide ◽  
NKOUKA MOUKENGUE Charmolavy Goslavy Lionel ◽  
LOEMBE SOUAMY Rostand Martialy Davy ◽  
PASI BENGI MASATA NZONZOLO André ◽  
NZIENGUI MABIKA Camille
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Radio Frequency ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Transfer Functions ◽  
Local Area Network ◽  
Local Network ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Modulation Formats ◽  
Local Networks ◽  
Multimode Optical Fiber

— In this paper, we focused on making a study of the valuation of multimode optical fiber which is used a lot in local networks and yet that we talk less in this last decade which knows an increase of new technologies using an enormous speed. To do so, we made a translation between radio frequency MIMO and optical MIMO; a study which has already been carried out in a framework of comparison of two technologies and in the literature, this convergence is already possible. Note that this is done in terms of transfer functions and of which we have made a very explicit analytical study compared to other studies already carried out in the literature for an educational and didactic objective for future studies in this context. Then we focused on doing our valuation study of multimode optical fiber, through optical MIMO technology, and our thinking was based on the quality of the signal at reception, for this, a study of modulation formats was made, because with the rise of technologies, this of course leads to an increase in speeds, so that certain formats tend to almost total disappearance. During this study, the RZ (Return to zero) format is much better in a larger local network, in terms of its Q factor and NRZ (None Return to Zero), for a smaller network, depending on its bit error rate (BER) and their eye diagrams which have a very large aperture and this is extended for the RZ format.

scholarly journals HBIM FOR ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES: FROM SFM BASED SURVEY TO ALGORITHMIC MODELING

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W9 ◽  
pp. 57-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Bagnolo ◽  
R. Argiolas ◽  
A. Cuccu
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Geometric Modeling ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Archaeological Data ◽  
Modeling Process ◽  
First Results ◽  
Different Characteristics

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The implementation of new technologies often leads research towards experimentation with new methodological approaches. The BIM process applied in cultural heritage is increasingly consolidating its practices, expanding its potential even in the field of archaeological research. Integrating archaeological data into BIM models has clear benefits but, due to the complexity of the involved elements, archaeological case studies can fit effectively into the BIM process only with the creation of semantic-aware libraries implementing dedicated objects. Cultural heritage can advantage of BIM-based knowledge management only integrating approaches and tools with different characteristics from those commonly used in BIM workflows. In the phase of the geometric modeling process, following that of the survey process and preparatory to the subsequent information modeling process, when the detected geometries are not easily traceable to libraries of pre-compiled objects, an alternative to the so-called "Scan to BIM" local modeling can be represented by algorithmic modeling. The paper, focusing on the geometric modelling phase of the HBIM process, presents first results and prospective tasks of an ongoing research project on the last architectural phase of the colonnade of a multilayered temple in the Antas valley in Sardinia (Italy), affected by imposing works of anastylosis and restoration.</p>

scholarly journals Thermoelectric Power Generators: State-of-the-Art, Heat Recovery Method, and Challenges

Electricity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-386
Author(s):  
Rima Aridi ◽  
Jalal Faraj ◽  
Samer Ali ◽  
Thierry Lemenand ◽  
Mahmoud Khaled
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Seebeck Effect ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Recovery Method

Electricity plays a significant role in daily life and is the main component of countless applications. Thus, ongoing research is necessary to improve the existing approaches, or find new approaches, to enhancing power generation. The thermoelectric generator (TEG) is among the notable and widespread technologies used to produce electricity, and converts waste energy into electrical energy using the Seebeck effect. Due to the Seebeck effect, temperature change can be turned into electrical energy; hence, a TEG can be applied whenever there is a temperature difference. The present paper presents the theoretical background of the TEG, in addition to a comprehensive review of the TEG and its implementation in various fields. This paper also sheds light on the new technologies of the TEG and their related challenges. Notably, it was found that the TEG is efficient in hybrid heat recovery systems, such as the phase change material (PCM), heat pipe (HP), and proton exchange membrane (PEM), and the efficiency of the TEG has increased due to a set of improvements in the TEG’s materials. Moreover, results show that the TEG technology has been frequently applied in recent years, and all of the investigated papers agree that the TEG is a promising technology in power generation and heat recovery systems.

scholarly journals Strategic site selection for placement of HIV early infant diagnosis point-of-care technology within a national diagnostic network in Lesotho

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anafi Mataka ◽  
Esther A.J. Tumbare ◽  
Tsietso Motsoane ◽  
David Holtzman ◽  
Monkoe Leqheka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Optimal Placement ◽  
Early Infant Diagnosis ◽  
Local Networks ◽  
Hub And Spoke ◽  
Early Infant ◽  
Infrastructure Investments ◽  
Hiv Exposed ◽  
Care Technology

Background: New technologies for rapid point-of-care (POC) diagnostic tests hold great potential for improving the health outcomes of HIV-exposed infants. POC testing for HIV early infant diagnosis (EID) was introduced in Lesotho in late 2016. Here we highlight critical requirements for selecting routine POC EID sites to ensure a sustainable and optimised EID diagnostic network.Intervention: Lesotho introduced POC EID in a phased approach that included assessments of national databases to identify sites with high test volumes, the creation of local networks of sites to potentially increase access to POC EID, and a standardised capacity assessment to determine site readiness. Potential site networks comprising ‘hub’ testing sites and ‘spoke’ specimen referring sites were created.Lessons learnt: After determining optimal placement, a total of 29 testing facilities were selected for placement of POC EID to potentially increase access to 189 facilities through the use of a hub-and-spoke model. Site capacity assessments identified vital human resources and infrastructure capacity gaps that needed to be addressed before introducing POC EID and informed appropriate POC platform selection.Recommendations: POC placement involves more than just purchasing the testing platforms. Considering the relatively small proportion of sites that can be eligible for placement of a POC platform, utilising a hub-and-spoke model can maximise the number of health facilities served by a POC platform while reducing the necessary capacity building and infrastructure investments to fewer sites.

Geographic Proximity and Science Parks

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert N. Link ◽  
John T. Scott
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Regional Growth ◽  
Information And Communications Technology ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Science Parks ◽  
Geographic Proximity ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Science Park ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
The University

Science parks, also called research parks, technology parks, or technopolis infrastructures, have increased rapidly in number as many countries have adopted the approach of bringing research-based organizations together in a park. A science park’s cluster of research and technology-based organizations is often located on or near a university campus. The juxtaposition of ongoing research of both the university and the park tenants creates a two-way flow of knowledge; knowledge is transferred between the university and firms, and all parties develop knowledge more effectively because of their symbiotic relationship. Theory and evidence support the belief that the geographic proximity provided to the participating organizations by a science park creates a dynamic cluster that accelerates economic growth and international competitiveness through the innovation-enabling exchanges of knowledge and the transfer of technologies. The process of creating innovations is more efficient because of the agglomeration of research and technology-based firms on or near a university campus. The proximity of a park to multiple sources of knowledge provides greater opportunities for the creation and acquisition of knowledge, especially tacit knowledge, and the geographic proximity therefore reduces the search and acquisition costs for that knowledge. The clustering of multiple research and technology-based organizations within a park enables knowledge spillovers, and with greater productivity from research resources and lower costs, prices for new technologies can be lower, stimulating their use and regional development and growth. In addition to the clustering of the organizations within a park, the geographic proximity of universities affiliated with a park matters too. Evidence shows that a park’s employment growth is greater, other things being the same, when its affiliated university is geographically closer, although evidence suggests that effect has lessened in the 21st century because of the information and communications technology revolution. Further stimulating regional growth, university spin-off companies are more prevalent in a park when it is geographically closer to the affiliated university. The two-way flow of knowledge enabled by clusters of research and technology-based firms in science parks benefits firms located on the park and the affiliated universities. Understanding the mechanisms by which the innovative performance of research and technology-based organizations is increased by their geographic proximity in a science park is important for formulating public and private sector policies toward park formations because successful national innovation systems require the two-way knowledge flow, among firms in a park and between firms and universities, that is fostered by the science park infrastructure.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document