scholarly journals Treatment and Rehabilitation of Substance Use Disorder: Significance of Islamic Input in Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 209
Author(s):  
Mahmood Nazar Mohamed ◽  
S Marican
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Contingency Management ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Drug Of Choice ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs ◽  
Demand Reduction ◽  
Treatment Specialist ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
Support Employment

Drug addiction is a chronic relapsing disease which can be treated. Treatment, however is dependent on many variables; the drug of choice, severity of drug use, individual and personality characteristics such as religiosity; community and environmental factors, familial and social support, employment and many more. Many countries used the supply and demand reduction strategies, nonetheless some are successful, and some are not. The advent of HIV-Aids among IDUs forces treatment specialist to look at other alternatives. Harm reduction offer pragmatic approaches though sometimes controversial avenues to provide solutions to the HIV and substance users. Drug Substitution Therapies for people using opioids have proven to be more effective with other non-medical approaches such as contingency management, behavioral interventions and spiritual/religious enhancement. This paper reports the experience of Malaysia in its approach to SUD treatment and providing Islamic religious input to treatment and rehabilitation programs in government and non-government facilitiesInternational Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 02 No. 04 October’18. Page : 209-216

Childhood Abuse as a Factor in Attrition from Drug Rehabilitation

1995 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 879-882 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack A. Palmer ◽  
Linda K. Palmer ◽  
David Williamson ◽  
Krista Michiels ◽  
Brian Thigpen
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Attributional Style ◽  
Substance Abusers ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Drug Rehabilitation ◽  
History Of Childhood ◽  
Drug Of Choice ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs ◽  
History Of

The following factors were examined as possible influences on clients' attrition from inpatient and outpatient drug-rehabilitation programs: depression (Center of Epidemiological Studies–Depression test), attributional style (Attributional Style Questionnaire), primary drug of choice, family incidence of substance abuse, and history of childhood physical abuse. A step-wise regression analysis indicated that a history of childhood abuse was a statistically reliable predictor of program noncompletion for 92 substance abusers who entered a drug-rehabilitation program.

Psychosocial Treatments for Substance Use Disorders

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel M. Blonigen ◽  
John W. Finney ◽  
Paula L. Wilbourne ◽  
Rudolf H. Moos
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Contingency Management ◽  
Limited Evidence ◽  
Motivational Enhancement ◽  
Differential Effectiveness ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Use Behavior

The most effective psychosocial modalities for treating substance use disorders are cognitive-behavioral interventions, motivational interviewing and motivational enhancement, contingency management, community reinforcement, behavioral couples and family therapies, and 12-step facilitation approaches. The foci of these interventions include substance use behavior, patients’ life contexts, and their social and personal resources. Limited evidence is available for these interventions’ differential effectiveness. Brief interventions are highly effective in the treatment of alcohol use disorders. However, as stand-alone treatments, they are best suited for individuals with mild to moderate alcohol use problems. Therapists who are interpersonally skilled, empathic, and nonconfrontational, and who develop a strong therapeutic alliance, are more effective at helping patients achieve better outcomes.

Research Notes: Personality Characteristics and Drug of Choice

1972 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eileen Henriques ◽  
Jean Arsenian ◽  
Henry Cutter ◽  
Albert B. Samaraweera
Keyword(s):  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Drug Of Choice

Preentry Demand-Reduction Strategies: The Heterogeneity of Offender Experiences

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley B. Burnell ◽  
Philip R. Magaletta ◽  
Pamela M. Diamond ◽  
Beth M. Weinman ◽  
Mark T. Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Demand Reduction ◽  
Reduction Strategies

scholarly journals Bidding Strategies for Simultaneous Ascending Auctions

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P Wellman ◽  
Anna Osepayshvili ◽  
Jeffrey K MacKie-Mason ◽  
Daniel Reeves
Keyword(s):  
Analytic Solutions ◽  
Bidding Strategies ◽  
New Family ◽  
Ascending Auctions ◽  
Demand Reduction ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
The Face ◽  
Game Theoretic ◽  
Exposure Problem ◽  
Homogeneous Good

Simultaneous ascending auctions present agents with various strategic problems, depending on preference structure. As long as bids represent non-repudiable offers, submitting non-contingent bids to separate auctions entails an exposure problem: bidding to acquire a bundle risks the possibility of obtaining an undesired subset of the goods. With multiple goods (or units of a homogeneous good) bidders also need to account for their own effects on prices. Auction theory does not provide analytic solutions for optimal bidding strategies in the face of these problems. We present a new family of decision-theoretic bidding strategies that use probabilistic predictions of final prices: self-confirming distribution-prediction strategies. Bidding based on these is provably not optimal in general. But evidence using empirical game-theoretic methods we developed indicates the strategy is quite effective compared to other known methods when preferences exhibit complementarities. When preferences exhibit substitutability, simpler demand-reduction strategies address the own price effect problem more directly and perform better.

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