“I Had No Idea That Other People in the World Thought Differently to Me”: Ethical Challenges in Small Animal Veterinary Practice and Implications for Ethics Support and Education

The field of Paediatric Bioethics, or ethical issues applied to children's healthcare, is relatively new but has recently gained an increased professional and public profile. Clinical ethics support to health professionals and patients who face ethical challenges in clinical practice varies between and within institutions. Literature regarding services available to paediatricians is sparse in specialist tertiary centres and almost absent in general paediatrics. We performed a mixed-methods study using online surveys and focus groups to explore the experiences of ethical and legal dilemmas and the support structures available to (i) paediatric intensive care teams as a proxy for specialist children's centres and (ii) paediatricians working in the general setting in the UK. Our main findings illustrate the broad range of ethical and legal challenges experienced by both groups in daily practice. Ethics training and the availability of ethics support were variable in structure, processes, funding and availability, e.g., 70% of paediatric intensive care consultants reported access to formal ethics advice versus 20% general paediatricians. Overall, our findings suggest a need for ethics support and training in both settings. The broad experience reported of ethics support, where it existed, was good – though improvements were suggested. Many clinicians were concerned about their relationship with children and families experiencing a challenging ethical situation, partly as a result of high-profile recent legal cases in the media. Further research in this area would help collect a broader range of views to inform clinical ethics support's development to better support paediatric teams, children and their families.

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Prescription pattern of antimicrobial use in small animal veterinary practice in Cameroon

Topics in Companion Animal Medicine ◽

10.1016/j.tcam.2021.100540 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 100540

Author(s):

Mohamed Moctar Mouliom Mouiche ◽

Serge Eugene Mpouam ◽

Frédéric Moffo ◽

Claire Murielle Nno Nkassa ◽

Cleophas Kahtita Mbah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Small Animal ◽

Antimicrobial Use ◽

Prescription Pattern ◽

Veterinary Practice

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PRESIDENT OF THE WORLD SMALL ANIMAL VETERINARY ASSOCIATION

Journal of Small Animal Practice ◽

10.1111/j.1748-5827.1970.tb05443.x ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 439-440

Author(s):

M. A. J. Verwer

Keyword(s):

Small Animal ◽

The World

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79. Moral individualism in veterinary practice – a preliminary investigation into normative foundations in small animal clinics

Professionals in food chains ◽

10.3920/978-90-8686-869-8_79 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

S. Böhm ◽

S. Springer ◽

H. Grimm

Keyword(s):

Preliminary Investigation ◽

Small Animal ◽

Veterinary Practice ◽

Moral Individualism ◽

Normative Foundations

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48. Clinical ethics support services in veterinary practice

Professionals in food chains ◽

10.3920/978-90-8686-869-8_48 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

S. Springer ◽

U. Auer ◽

F. Jenner ◽

H. Grimm

Keyword(s):

Support Services ◽

Clinical Ethics ◽

Clinical Ethics Support ◽

Veterinary Practice ◽

Ethics Support

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Global neurosurgery: models for international surgical education and collaboration at one university

Neurosurgical FOCUS ◽

10.3171/2018.7.focus18291 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 45 (4) ◽

pp. E5 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Joao Paulo Almeida ◽

Carlos Velásquez ◽

Claire Karekezi ◽

Miguel Marigil ◽

Mojgan Hodaie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organizational Support ◽

Surgical Education ◽

Care Delivery ◽

Surgical Care ◽

Outcome Evaluation ◽

Assessment Tools ◽

Ethical Challenges ◽

University Of Toronto ◽

The World ◽

The University

OBJECTIVEInternational collaborations between high-income (HICs) and low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) have been developed as an attempt to reduce the inequalities in surgical care around the world. In this paper the authors review different models for international surgical education and describe projects developed by the Division of Neurosurgery at the University of Toronto in this field.METHODSThe authors conducted a review of models of international surgical education reported in the literature in the last 15 years. Previous publications on global neurosurgery reported by the Division of Neurosurgery at the University of Toronto were reviewed to exemplify the applications and challenges of international surgical collaborations.RESULTSThe most common models for international surgical education and collaboration include international surgical missions, long-term international partnerships, fellowship training models, and online surgical education. Development of such collaborations involves different challenges, including limited time availability, scarce funding/resources, sociocultural barriers, ethical challenges, and lack of organizational support. Of note, evaluation of outcomes of international surgical projects remains limited, and the development and application of assessment tools, such as the recently proposed Framework for the Assessment of International Surgical Success (FAIRNeSS), is encouraged.CONCLUSIONSActions to reduce inequality in surgical care should be implemented around the world. Different models can be used for bilateral exchange of knowledge and improvement of surgical care delivery in regions where there is poor access to surgical care. Implementation of global neurosurgery initiatives faces multiple limitations that can be ameliorated if systematic changes occur, such as the development of academic positions in global surgery, careful selection of participant centers, governmental and nongovernmental financial support, and routine application of outcome evaluation for international surgical collaborations.

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Consequentialism as an Intergenerational Ethic

The Oxford Handbook of Intergenerational Ethics ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190881931.013.2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Tim Mulgan

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

New Technologies ◽

Well Being ◽

Intergenerational Justice ◽

Ethical Challenges ◽

Radical Critique ◽

The World ◽

Comparative Advantages ◽

Intergenerational Ethics ◽

Human Extinction

Consequentialist morality is about making the world a better place—by promoting value and producing valuable outcomes. Consequentialist ethics competes with non-consequentialist alternatives where values are to be honored or instantiated rather than promoted and/or where morality is based on rules, virtues, or rights rather than values. Consequentialism’s main rivals in intergenerational ethics are contract-based theories. This chapter first argues that consequentialism has significant comparative advantages over its contract-based rivals, especially in relation to non-identity, the absence of reciprocity, and the need for flexibility and radical critique. These advantages outweigh the challenges facing any consequentialist intergenerational ethics—including cluelessness, counterintuitive demands, and puzzles of aggregation. The chapter then explores many varieties of contemporary consequentialism, arguing that the best consequentialist approach to intergenerational justice is agnostic, moderate, collective consequentialism. Different possible futures—including futures broken by climate change or transformed by new technologies—present new ethical challenges that consequentialism has the flexibility to address. Collective consequentialism can also resolve long-standing debates about the aggregation of well-being. The chapter ends by asking how consequentialist intergenerational ethics might evaluate threats of human extinction, incorporate the value of nonhuman nature, and motivate its potentially extreme demands.

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Animal Mistreatment in Business: Ethical Challenges and Solutions

International Business Research ◽

10.5539/ibr.v10n5p159 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 159 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yuanfang Wang ◽

Peng Chan

Keyword(s):

Animal Welfare ◽

Economic Benefits ◽

Traditional Practices ◽

Wild Animals ◽

Ethical Challenges ◽

Consumer Awareness ◽

The World ◽

Green Business

Animal mistreatment in businesses around the world is becoming a hotly debated topic. Many animal welfare laws protect wild animals and pets, but make exemptions for animals in farms, zoos or labs. There are economic benefits behind animal mistreatment since businesses can maximize profits by, for example, raising animals in crowded spaces, or forcing them to perform shows. However, ethical arguments on this issue reveal that animal mistreatment may actually cost more than humane animal treatment. Furthermore, consumer awareness on animal mistreatments is increasing, so this poses both a threat and opportunity to businesses. As society puts more and more value on sustainable green business today, inhumane animal treatments may harm a company's reputation and reduce its sales. Businesses should be aware of this trend and examine new humane alternatives to their traditional practices in order to stay competitive in the market.

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From teacher to trailblazer

Veterinary Record ◽

10.1136/vr.k5185 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 183 (22) ◽

pp. i-ii

Keyword(s):

Sri Lanka ◽

Animal Welfare ◽

Small Animal ◽

Companion Animal ◽

The World

Nalinika Obeyesekere was recently awarded the World Small Animal Veterinary Association’s inaugural award for companion animal welfare in recognition of her contribution to raising standards of veterinary care in Sri Lanka.

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