scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF THE VALUE OF PROTECTED AREAS IN SERBIA, ON THE EXAMPLE OF APPLICATION OF PA-BAT METHOD AND TOURISM DEVELOPMENT

2020 ◽  
pp. 285-299
Author(s):  
Milica Dobričić ◽  
◽  
Goran Sekulić ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Methods Of Evaluation ◽  
Range Of Values

This chapter discusses the importance of evaluating ecosystem services by showcasing the Protected Areas Benefit Assessment Tool (PA-BAT), which has been applied in seven Dinaric Arc countries, and has gathered information on a range of values and benefits that protected areas provide. The PA-BAT results presented here include data for protected areas in Serbia (national parks Tara, Djerdap, Fruška gora and Kopaonik, Landscape of exceptional features of Vlasina and Special Nature Reserve of the Upper Danube) and economic assessment of 22 protected area values with special reference to tourism and recreation. This chapter gives a brief overview of other analyzes and initiatives for assessing the value of ecosystem services related to protected areas in Serbia. This chapter aims to contribute to a better understanding and promotion of the concept of ecosystem services in tourism and other sectors using PA-BAT and other methods of evaluation of protected area services.

scholarly journals Assessment of cultural-historical and other ecosystem values of Djerdap National Park

2022 ◽  
pp. 4-4
Author(s):  
Milica Dobričić ◽  
Goran Sekulić ◽  
Boško Josimović
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
National Park ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Participatory Approach ◽  
The World ◽  
South Eastern Europe ◽  
The Republic

This paper points out the importance of assessing the cultural-historical and other ecosystem values of protected areas, on the example of applying protected areas benefit assessment tool (PA-BAT). This method has so far been applied in seven Dinaric Arc countries (Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Albania and Serbia) in south-eastern Europe, as well as other countries of the world (Colombia, Turkey, Myanmar, USA and Ethiopia), with the aim of helping to gather information on the values and benefits of individual protected areas in relation to ecosystem services, using a participatory approach. On the example of the Djerdap National Park(in the Republic of Serbia), the results of the application of the PA-BAT method are given, that is, the results of the assessment of 22 ecosystem values with special reference to cultural and historical values as one of the ecosystem services of this protected area, as well as the results of previously conducted assessments of the ecosystem values of this area. The aim of this paper is to contribute to a better understanding and promotion of the application of the concept of ecosystem services in the preservation of culturalhistorical and other ecosystem values by applying PA-BAT evaluation methods.

scholarly journals Economic Valuation of Conservation of Inholdings in Protected Areas for the Institution of Payments for Ecosystem Services

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi-Ok Oh ◽  
Sangkwon Lee ◽  
Hyun No Kim
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Economic Valuation ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Payments For Ecosystem Services ◽  
Study Results

Ecosystem services, as public goods, are often undersupplied because private markets do not fully take into account the social cost of production. To alleviate the concern about this imbalance situation, payments for ecosystem services (PES) have emerged as a preferable alternative. While temples in Korea have owned a considerable part of the national parks, a PES approach can be used as a viable option to alleviate the conflicts among visitors, non-visitors, and temples. The purpose of this paper is to assess the economic values of ecosystem services provided by temple forests as a compensation mechanism. Using a contingent valuation method, an online survey was conducted with 1000 respondents. Study results showed that the economic benefits of the conservation of temple forests were estimated to be substantial, ranging from ₩5980 (US $5.42) to ₩7709 ($7.08) per household per year. The results also confirmed the effects of social factors such as individuals’ trust in the government’s environmental policies and importance on the conservation of temples’ cultural and religious values on the willingness to pay. With a growing interest in securing ecosystem services through a PES approach, estimating economic benefits of the conservation of inholdings in public protected areas will be a valuable piece of information as an important policy decision-making tool.

scholarly journals Stakeholder Perspectives Towards National Parks and Protected Areas in Saudi Arabia

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulelah Al-Tokhais ◽  
Brijesh Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Stakeholder Perspectives ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Parks And Protected Areas

There is a genuine need to examine stakeholders’ perception of biodiversity conservation and tourism development due to overlapping roles and conflicting priorities among key governmental agencies in Saudi Arabia. The need to understand the role of each stakeholder group will assist to support policy formulation and implementation, along with effective practices. Within this context, the purpose of this study was to examine stakeholder perspectives towards National Parks and Protected Areas in Saudi Arabia. Qualitative data were collected through semi-structured interviews from 11 stakeholders’ representative of public, private, and non-governmental organizations from the tourism and conservation community. Findings revealed four main themes—tourism development, management issues, development challenges, and policy concerns. In addition, multiple sub-themes within each were further categorized. Overall, findings highlight the need to form a foundation for sustainable tourism development that aims to conserve biodiversity and provide opportunities for local communities to ensure economic growth. Implications for development in National Parks and Protected Areas in Saudi Arabia are also noted.

scholarly journals Good governance and tourism development in protected areas: The case of Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park, central Vietnam

Koedoe ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Hübner ◽  
Lý T. Phong ◽  
Trương S.H. Châu
Keyword(s):  
Nature Conservation ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
National Park ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Benefit Sharing ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Central Vietnam

Protected areas are increasingly expected to serve as a natural income-producing resource via the exploitation of recreational and touristic activities. Whilst tourism is often considered a viable option for generating income which benefits the conservation of a protected area, there are many cases in which insufficient and opaque planning hinder sustainable development, thereby reducing local benefit sharing and, ultimately, nature conservation. This article delineated and examined factors in governance which may underlie tourism development in protected areas. Based on Graham, Amos and Plumptre’s five good governance principles, a specific analysis was made of the Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park in central Vietnam, which highlighted challenges in the practical implementation of governing principles arising for nature conservation, sustainable tourism development and complex stakeholder environments. Despite the limited opportunity of this study to examine the wider national and international context, the discussion facilitated an overview of the factors necessary to understand governance principles and tourism development. This article could serve as a basis for future research, especially with respect to comparative analyses of different management structures existing in Vietnam and in other contested centrally steered protected area spaces. Conservation implications: This research has shown that tourism and its development, despite a more market-oriented and decentralised policymaking, is a fragmented concept impacted by bureaucratic burden, lack of institutional capacities, top-down processes and little benefit-sharing. There is urgent need for stakeholders – public and private – to reconcile the means of protected areas for the ends (conservation) by clarifying responsibilities as well as structures and processes which determine decision-making.

scholarly journals Attractiveness of protected areas for geotourism purposes from the perspective of visitors: the example of Babiogórski National Park (Poland)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 358-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Widawski ◽  
Zdzisław Jary ◽  
Piotr Oleśniewicz ◽  
Piotr Owczarek ◽  
Julita Markiewicz-Patkowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
National Park ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Many

AbstractThis article examines the tourist role of protected areas important for their unanimated nature potential. In Poland the highest form of legal protection is a national park. Babiogórski National Parks is one of 23 national parks in Poland. The aim of this article is to present its tourist attraction based on its geotourist potential considered by tourists who visit this park. At the beginning a brief history of protection of Babia Góra is presented. Based on stock-taking sightseeing method an analysis of the most important tourist attractiveness elements (like infrastructure or tourist values) is done. The focus on the values of unanimated nature is made grouping them into four main categories. As the result of research on infrastructure the most important accommodation units were indicated present at the surroundings of this National Park which is vital for its tourist capacity. For the correct functioning of tourist movement at the protected area the supporting infrastructure is important bearing a lot of functions. The function of channeling of the tourist movement as well as the didactic function are the most important for protection and correct use of geotourist values. Among the many elements of the supporting infrastructure the most important ones are tourist and didactic routes (their course and themes are presented). The most important part of the article is the presentation of the participants of the tourist movement opinions on the Babiogórski National Park tourist attractiveness. A survey was conducted and then analysed on 308 respondents in 2011. They were asked to judge both the quality of infrastructure as well as attraction of geotourist values together with their adaptation to reception by the tourist movement. The results analysis served as a base to appraise the state and perspectives for the geotourism development in Babiogórski National Park from the point of view of the receivers of tourist product i.e. the protected area.

scholarly journals Implications of heterogeneous impacts of protected areas on deforestation and poverty

2015 ◽  
Vol 370 (1681) ◽  
pp. 20140272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merlin M. Hanauer ◽  
Gustavo Canavire-Bacarreza
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Policy Instrument ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
Poverty Traps ◽  
Differential Impact ◽  
Practical Information ◽  
Non Parametric

Protected areas are a popular policy instrument in the global fight against loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services. However, the effectiveness of protected areas in preventing deforestation, and their impacts on poverty, are not well understood. Recent studies have found that Bolivia's protected-area system, on average, reduced deforestation and poverty. We implement several non-parametric and semi-parametric econometric estimators to characterize the heterogeneity in Bolivia's protected-area impacts on joint deforestation and poverty outcomes across a number of socioeconomic and biophysical moderators. Like previous studies from Costa Rica and Thailand, we find that Bolivia's protected areas are not associated with poverty traps. Our results also indicate that protection did not have a differential impact on indigenous populations. However, results from new multidimensional non-parametric estimators provide evidence that the biophysical characteristics associated with the greatest avoided deforestation are the characteristics associated with the potential for poverty exacerbation from protection. We demonstrate that these results would not be identified using the methods implemented in previous studies. Thus, this study provides valuable practical information on the impacts of Bolivia's protected areas for conservation practitioners and demonstrates methods that are likely to be valuable to researchers interested in better understanding the heterogeneity in conservation impacts.

scholarly journals Reconstruction Of A System Of National Parks And Protected Areas In China And Russia According To New Demands And Challenges Facing Implementation Of The Belt And Road Project

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 76-83
Author(s):  
Vladimir N. Bocharnikov ◽  
Suocheng Dong ◽  
Minyan Zhao ◽  
Zehong Li
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Effective Form ◽  
International Economic Cooperation ◽  
Specially Protected Natural Areas ◽  
Road Project ◽  
Belt And Road

The Protected Areas (PA) system serves to support healthy ecosystems and threatened species, biodiversity and ecosystem services, as well as providing multiple benefits to people. The ecological doctrine ofRussiaconsiders the development of a system of specially protected natural areas (SPNA) to be one of the key directions of state policy. In the history of this country, the creation of SPNA is a traditional and effective step, but currently, state environmental policy is very different from that of the policy of the past, as dictated by theUSSR. Today’s global events, such as the economic collapse resulting from the COVID-19 epidemic, have changed social life dramatically. However, for bothRussiaandChina, there is a clear interest in not repeating Western national park commercialization, as seen in theUSand European countries. The authors consider the idea of adding a new wilderness protected area category, because in reality, it is a very effective form of environmental conservation, especially in «Eastern»Russia. It is discussed that the terrestrial protected area system is not ecologically representative at present, although most countries have reported considerable success in this field.Chinahas declared and is promoting the construction of a community with a «shared future for humanity». The focus of this paper is onChina’s Belt and Road Initiative, as it aims for the functional creation of a new model of international economic cooperation that must include a new and close look at nature conservation.

scholarly journals The legal framework for protected areas management in Serbia, Montenegro and Croatia

2018 ◽  
pp. 113-142
Author(s):  
Nenad Rankovic ◽  
Jelena Nedeljkovic ◽  
Mladen Prvulovic
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Protected Area Management ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
Protected Areas Management ◽  
Basic Purpose ◽  
The Law ◽  
Management Issues

The paper analyzes the laws related to the management of protected areas, i.e., determining the meaning of the content and characteristics of the texts of the laws regarding management, in order to identify possible identities, absences or contradictions in meaning. The aim of this research is to find out the nature of the legislation related to the management of protected areas, on the basis of the characteristics of the paragraphs in the observed laws of the selected countries. The analysis was carried out for three countries: Serbia, Montenegro and Croatia. Bearing in mind that these issues are subject of several different laws, the following acts were taken into account: the Law on Forests, the Law on Environmental Protection, the Law on Nature Conservation and the Law on National Parks. In all the observed countries, general entries are predominated (63.9%), while the entries with organizational (24.9%) and economic (11.2%) characters are much less common. When it comes to individual entries, ?Protection? is the most frequent, followed by ?Ecology? and ?Status / Function?, all of which belong to the group of general entries. In the group of entries with organizational character, ?Users? is dominant, and in the group of entries with economic character, the most important is ?Forestry?. When regulating protected area management issues, law drafters should be more focused on defining concrete solutions, which will improve work in practice, and thus satisfy the basic purpose of their adoption (protection of selected areas of social significance).

The Influence of Changing Conservation Paradigms on Identifying Priority Protected Area Locations

2011 ◽  
pp. 286-302
Author(s):  
Alan Grainger
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Carbon Cycling ◽  
Conservation Planning ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Mitigate Climate Change ◽  
Hydrological Services

Conservation planning for climate change adaptation is only one in a long sequence of conservation paradigms. To identify priority locations for protected areas it must compete with three other contemporary paradigms: conservation of ecosystem services, optimizing conservation of ecosystem services and poverty alleviation, and reducing carbon emissions from deforestation and forest degradation. This chapter shows how conservation paradigms evolved, discusses the merits of different approaches to modelling potential impacts of climate change on biodiversity, and describes the hybrid BIOCLIMA model and its application to Amazonia. It then discusses conservation planning applications of the three other contemporary paradigms, illustrated by examples from Amazonia and Kenya. It finds that rapid paradigm evolution is not a handicap if earlier paradigms can be nested within later ones. But more sophisticated planning tools are needed to identify optimal locations of protected areas when climate is changing, and to use protection to mitigate climate change. These should encompass the complex interactions between biodiversity, hydrological services, carbon cycling services, climate change, and human systems.

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