scholarly journals Good governance and tourism development in protected areas: The case of Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park, central Vietnam

Koedoe ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Hübner ◽  
Lý T. Phong ◽  
Trương S.H. Châu
Keyword(s):  
Nature Conservation ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
National Park ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Benefit Sharing ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Central Vietnam

Protected areas are increasingly expected to serve as a natural income-producing resource via the exploitation of recreational and touristic activities. Whilst tourism is often considered a viable option for generating income which benefits the conservation of a protected area, there are many cases in which insufficient and opaque planning hinder sustainable development, thereby reducing local benefit sharing and, ultimately, nature conservation. This article delineated and examined factors in governance which may underlie tourism development in protected areas. Based on Graham, Amos and Plumptre’s five good governance principles, a specific analysis was made of the Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park in central Vietnam, which highlighted challenges in the practical implementation of governing principles arising for nature conservation, sustainable tourism development and complex stakeholder environments. Despite the limited opportunity of this study to examine the wider national and international context, the discussion facilitated an overview of the factors necessary to understand governance principles and tourism development. This article could serve as a basis for future research, especially with respect to comparative analyses of different management structures existing in Vietnam and in other contested centrally steered protected area spaces. Conservation implications: This research has shown that tourism and its development, despite a more market-oriented and decentralised policymaking, is a fragmented concept impacted by bureaucratic burden, lack of institutional capacities, top-down processes and little benefit-sharing. There is urgent need for stakeholders – public and private – to reconcile the means of protected areas for the ends (conservation) by clarifying responsibilities as well as structures and processes which determine decision-making.

Corrigendum: Good governance and tourism development in protected areas: The case of Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park, central Vietnam

Koedoe ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Hübner ◽  
Tuan Phon Ly ◽  
Trương S.H. Châu
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Park ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Central Vietnam

scholarly journals Protected Areas: Geotourist Attractiveness for Weekend Tourists Based on the Example of Gorczański National Park in Poland

Resources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Widawski ◽  
Piotr Oleśniewicz ◽  
Agnieszka Rozenkiewicz ◽  
Anna Zaręba ◽  
Soňa Jandová
Keyword(s):  
Nature Conservation ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Park ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
Legal Documents ◽  
Urbanized Areas ◽  
Conservation Plans ◽  
Park Location

The aim of the publication was to assess the geotourist attractiveness of protected areas in Poland among weekend tourists based on the example of Gorczański National Park. The park location near urbanized areas makes it an attractive field for research on weekend tourism development. The tourist potential of the park is presented, starting from geological aspects and geotourist values. Then, the tourist potential was analysed, with a focus on geotourist resources, which include tourist trails and didactic routes. The tourist traffic volume was also examined. On the basis of legal documents, such as nature conservation plans, threats related to tourism development in protected areas were presented as indicated by park managers. In accordance with the Act on Nature Conservation, the threats are divided into four groups: internal existing and potential threats and external existing and potential threats. The tourists’ opinion on the geotourist attractiveness of the park was investigated with surveys conducted during selected weekends significant in the context of tourist traffic volume. Thus, a profile of people visiting the park for short stays was obtained, as well as their assessment of the tourist resources of the area, with particular emphasis on geotourist values.

scholarly journals Economic value of protected areas via visitor mental health

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralf Buckley ◽  
Paula Brough ◽  
Leah Hague ◽  
Alienor Chauvenet ◽  
Chris Fleming ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Global Estimate ◽  
Conservation Policies ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Individual Scale

Abstract We evaluate methods to calculate the economic value of protected areas derived from the improved mental health of visitors. A conservative global estimate using quality-adjusted life years, a standard measure in health economics, is US$6 trillion p.a. This is an order of magnitude greater than the global value of protected area tourism, and two to three orders greater than global aggregate protected area management agency budgets. Future research should: refine this estimate using more precise methods; consider interactions between health and conservation policies and budgets at national scales; and examine links between personalities and protected area experiences at individual scale.

scholarly journals Where now for protected areas? Setting the stage for the 2014 World Parks Congress

Oryx ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 496-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigel Dudley ◽  
Craig Groves ◽  
Kent H. Redford ◽  
Sue Stolton
Keyword(s):  
Nature Conservation ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Wildlife Trade ◽  
Convention On Biological Diversity ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
The Social ◽  
Transboundary Protected Areas

AbstractProtected areas are regarded as the most important tool in the conservation toolbox. They cover > 12% of the Earth's terrestrial area, with over half of this designated since 1970, and are thus a unique example of governments and other stakeholders consciously changing management of land and water at a significant scale. The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) has a global programme to complete ecologically-representative protected area networks, and this is driving the creation of large numbers of new protected areas. But there is also growing criticism of protected areas because of the social costs of protection and doubts about their effectiveness. We acknowledge this criticism but believe that it is over-stated and applied to a protected area model that has already been replaced by newer thinking. As protected areas are becoming more complex in concept and more complicated in management, we review the six most important changes affecting them over the last 2 decades: (1) a new protected area definition with more emphasis on nature conservation; (2) a plurality of management and governance models; (3) acknowledgement of wider protected area benefits beyond nature conservation; (4) greater social safeguards for protected areas; (5) evidence that protected areas are effective conservation tools; and (6) a new emphasis on larger protected areas, transboundary protected areas, connectivity conservation and landscape approaches. We conclude by considering fresh challenges as a result of policy changes and the global criminal wildlife trade, and consider the potential of the forthcoming 2014 IUCN World Parks Congress.

scholarly journals Unfenced Borders Cause Differences in Vegetation and Fauna Between Protected and Unprotected Areas in a Tropical Savanna

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 194008291987037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonia Nyamukuru ◽  
John-Arvid Grytnes ◽  
John R. S. Tabuti ◽  
Ørjan Totland
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
National Park ◽  
Woody Vegetation ◽  
Land Use Type ◽  
Tropical Savanna ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Species Composition Of Vegetation ◽  
Trees And Shrubs

Protected areas generally occur within a matrix of intensively human-modified landscapes. As a way to maintain the biodiversity in these areas, enclosure by fencing is often preferred. This strategy, however, is costly and little is known about the effectiveness of the alternative of unfenced borders on the vegetation and fauna. The objectives of this study are to assess whether there is a distinct difference in biodiversity and composition of plants and mammals between the protected Lake Mburo National Park and the adjacent ranchlands across an unfenced border and to determine the associations between vegetation and faunal species over the same border. We recorded herbaceous vegetation, woody vegetation, and mammal species composition in plots 300 to 500 m away from the border both inside the protected area and in the adjacent ranchlands. The species composition of herbs and mammals in the protected area differ from the adjacent ranchlands, but there is no difference for trees and shrubs. After accounting for land-use type, distance from the border did not significantly account for any additional variation. We also find a correlation between the species composition of vegetation and fauna. Our results suggest that unfenced borders around protected areas create a clear effect.

scholarly journals Measuring benefits of protected area management: trends across realms and research gaps for freshwater systems

2015 ◽  
Vol 370 (1681) ◽  
pp. 20140274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa M. Adams ◽  
Samantha A. Setterfield ◽  
Michael M. Douglas ◽  
Mark J. Kennard ◽  
Keith Ferdinands
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Impact Evaluation ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
National Park ◽  
Protected Area Management ◽  
Time Lags ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
Freshwater Systems ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Area Management

Protected areas remain a cornerstone for global conservation. However, their effectiveness at halting biodiversity decline is not fully understood. Studies of protected area benefits have largely focused on measuring their impact on halting deforestation and have neglected to measure the impacts of protected areas on other threats. Evaluations that measure the impact of protected area management require more complex evaluation designs and datasets. This is the case across realms (terrestrial, freshwater, marine), but measuring the impact of protected area management in freshwater systems may be even more difficult owing to the high level of connectivity and potential for threat propagation within systems (e.g. downstream flow of pollution). We review the potential barriers to conducting impact evaluation for protected area management in freshwater systems. We contrast the barriers identified for freshwater systems to terrestrial systems and discuss potential measurable outcomes and confounders associated with protected area management across the two realms. We identify key research gaps in conducting impact evaluation in freshwater systems that relate to three of their major characteristics: variability, connectivity and time lags in outcomes. Lastly, we use Kakadu National Park world heritage area, the largest national park in Australia, as a case study to illustrate the challenges of measuring impacts of protected area management programmes for environmental outcomes in freshwater systems.

scholarly journals About a Method of the Estimation of the Recreational and Health Value of a Protected Area

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-205
Author(s):  
Ludwik Mazurkiewicz ◽  
Justyna Pacelt
Keyword(s):  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
National Park ◽  
Travel Cost Method ◽  
Health Value ◽  
Number Of Visits ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
Interview Questionnaire

Abstract Introduction. Recreation is very popular in protected areas where the number of visitors is increasing from year to year. They are attracted by benefits provided by natural resources in the form of favorable conditions to spend time for leisure. These benefits have a specified value which is known as a recreational one. In this paper a method is presented how to measure it. Material and methods. The method is an extension of an approach known as the travel cost method. The extension consists in taking additional assumptions into account like needs that drive people to recreate in protected areas and as a result the recreational and health value of the area is estimated more precisely. The calculation was realized on data collected by a survey based on an interview questionnaire among 60 respondents in the Kampinoski National Park in the second half of July 2014. Results. The recreational and health value estimated on the results obtained from 60 respondents amounted to 235 837 PLN and 165 194 PLN respectively. The article presents also more detailed calculations of the selected surveys. Conclusions. The factors which contribute in a decisive way into the area recreational and health value are the number of visits, the share of a health motive and the length of stay. There are also other factors of lesser contribution into the value like: the time of getting the area, the cost of its reaching and the sum respondents declared to pay for the area protection.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF THE VALUE OF PROTECTED AREAS IN SERBIA, ON THE EXAMPLE OF APPLICATION OF PA-BAT METHOD AND TOURISM DEVELOPMENT

2020 ◽  
pp. 285-299
Author(s):  
Milica Dobričić ◽  
◽  
Goran Sekulić ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Methods Of Evaluation ◽  
Range Of Values

This chapter discusses the importance of evaluating ecosystem services by showcasing the Protected Areas Benefit Assessment Tool (PA-BAT), which has been applied in seven Dinaric Arc countries, and has gathered information on a range of values and benefits that protected areas provide. The PA-BAT results presented here include data for protected areas in Serbia (national parks Tara, Djerdap, Fruška gora and Kopaonik, Landscape of exceptional features of Vlasina and Special Nature Reserve of the Upper Danube) and economic assessment of 22 protected area values with special reference to tourism and recreation. This chapter gives a brief overview of other analyzes and initiatives for assessing the value of ecosystem services related to protected areas in Serbia. This chapter aims to contribute to a better understanding and promotion of the concept of ecosystem services in tourism and other sectors using PA-BAT and other methods of evaluation of protected area services.

scholarly journals Preliminary studies of fungi in the Biebrza National Park (NE Poland). II. Macromycetes

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Kujawa ◽  
Marta Wrzosek ◽  
Grażyna Domian ◽  
Kamil Kędra ◽  
Jarosław Szkodzik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nature Conservation ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
National Park ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
Plant Litter ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Ne Poland

This paper presents the second part of the results of the first short-term inventory of fungi species occurring in the Biebrza National Park and is focused on a survey of macrofungi. The total number of macrofungi found during the survey in late August 2012 was 289 taxa: 17 ascomycetes and 272 basidiomycetes, inhabiting diverse ecological niches. The identified fungi belonged to ectomycorrhizal symbionts and saprobionts decomposing wood, plant litter and animal remnants. The identity of 25 mycorrhizal fungi species has been confirmed using molecular techniques. Five species are newly reported for Poland (<em>Amanita olivaceogrisea, Lepiota lepida, Stropharia alcis, Xerocomus fennicus, X. cisalpinus</em>) and 225 taxa (79 %) were not known in the Biebrza National Park. Fifty species are endangered in Poland, of which nine species are protected by law. Data on species richness and the taxonomic diversity of the identified fungi are briefly commented in terms of their significance for nature conservation and future research.

Public–Private Partnerships in Ecotourism Development in Protected Areas: A Case Study of Tunkinsky National Park in Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1700
Author(s):  
Lyudmila MAKSANOVA ◽  
Sembrika IVANOVA ◽  
Darima BUDAEVA ◽  
Alyona ANDREEVA
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Natural Resource Management ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
National Park ◽  
Protected Area Management ◽  
Public Private Partnerships ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Private Partnership ◽  
Potential Demand

This paper discusses the opportunities offered by public–private partnerships in developing ecotourism infrastructure in protected areas. The paper also addresses the issues contributing to threats and conflicts while implementing infrastructure projects. In order to fulfil research objectives, the authors employ a sociological instrument. Using a snowball method, the authors selected 34 experts with professional competencies in tourism development, natural resource management, protected area management, and public-private partnerships. The results of this study demonstrate a potential demand for the mechanisms of public-private partnerships when developing ecotourism infrastructure. Using the case study of Tunkinsky National Park, the authors identified potential threats and conflicts in the process of preparation and delivery of public-private partnership projects for ecotourism infrastructure development.

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