scholarly journals Resistance of Wild Species of Peanut to an Insect Complex1

1983 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. T. Stalker ◽  
W. V. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Wild Species ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Heliothis Zea ◽  
Corn Earworm ◽  
Crop Damage ◽  
Corn Rootworm ◽  
The North ◽  
Diabrotica Undecimpunctata Howardi ◽  
Southern Corn Rootworm ◽  
Production Area

Abstract A complex of insects which can cause moderate to severe crop damage attacks peanuts in the North Carolina-Virginia production area. Wild species representing the seven sections of the genus Arachis L. were evaluated for resistance to tobacco thrips (Frankliniella fusca Hinds), corn earworm (Heliothis zea Bodie), and potato leafhopper (Empoasca fabae Harris) during a 3-year field study. Very high levels of resistance for these insects were identified in several species collections. Because collections in section Arachis were among the species with the highest resistance levels, utilization of the germplasm resources to improve cultivated peanuts should be possible. In addition to evaluating species collections, 40-chromosome (A. hypogaea x wild species) hybrid derivatives were evaluated for resistance to the three insect pests plus southern corn rootworm (Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi Barber). Selections with resistance levels equal to or greater than the cultivar NC 6 were made for corn earworm and southern corn rootworm. Laboratory tests of several Arachis species indicated that a mechanism of resistance to H. zea is antibiosis. Because the levels of resistance to several insects have been greatly increased in lines of A. hypogaea, evidence exists for germplasm introgression from wild to the cultivated species of peanuts.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Virginia-type Peanut Cultivars for Resistance to Southern Corn Rootworm1

1994 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-91
Author(s):  
T. A. Coffelt ◽  
D. A. Herbert
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Corn Rootworm ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Diabrotica Undecimpunctata Howardi ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Southern Corn Rootworm ◽  
Production Area ◽  
Peanut Cultivars ◽  
New Cultivars

Abstract Southern corn rootworm (SCRW) (Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi Barber) is the most damaging soil insect to peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in the Virginia-North Carolina production area. New cultivars and advanced breeding lines have not been evaluated for resistance to SCRW. The objective of this 3-yr study was to evaluate three new cultivars (NC-V 11, VA-C 92R, and Agra Tech VC-1) and an advanced breeding line (VA 861101) for resistance to SCRW. NC 6 and NC 9 were used as resistant and susceptible checks, respectively. Pod damage, yield, market grade, and dollar value were obtained for each plot. Agra Tech VC-1, VA-C 92R, and VA 861101 had less total pod damage from SCRW than NC 9. VA 861101 produced significantly higher yields and value per ha than all cultivars on soil types conducive to SCRW damage. Insecticidetreated plots had significantly higher value per ha and lower total pod damage than untreated plots. Results from this study indicate that VA 861101 may be an acceptable replacement for NC 6. Agra Tech VC-1 is the most resistant of the newly released cultivars, but this is not reflected in higher yields.

scholarly journals Spotted cucumber beetle Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi Barber (Insecta: Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

EDIS ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Harsimran Kaur Gill ◽  
Gaurav Goyal ◽  
Jennifer Gillett-Kaufman
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Corn Rootworm ◽  
Agricultural Pest ◽  
Fact Sheet ◽  
Field Crops ◽  
Diabrotica Undecimpunctata Howardi ◽  
Southern Corn Rootworm ◽  
Cucumber Beetle ◽  
Diabrotica Undecimpunctata ◽  
Spotted Cucumber Beetle

Spotted cucumber beetle is a major agricultural pest of North America. Another name for the spotted cucumber beetle is “southern corn rootworm”. Many Diabrotica species cause damage to field crops, especially corn, making these beetles a major agricultural concern. Because of the subterranean nature of their larvae, these insects are hard and expensive to control. This 6-page fact sheet was written by Harsimran Kaur Gill, Gaurav Goyal, and Jennifer Gillett-Kaufman, and published by the UF Department of Entomology and Nematology, September 2013. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/in1008

SEASONAL ABUNDANCE AND OVIPOSITION RESPONSE OF THE CORN EARWORM, HELIOTHIS ZEA (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE), ON OKRA IN VIRGINIA

1983 ◽  
Vol 115 (11) ◽  
pp. 1539-1541 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Latheef ◽  
J. H. Ortiz
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Heliothis Zea ◽  
Limited Resource ◽  
The United States ◽  
Corn Earworm ◽  
Seasonal Abundance ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Fresh Market ◽  
Important Pest

Okra, Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench, is a member of the Malvaceae. It is an important crop in the southern United States where vegetable production becomes precarious during the summer owing to extreme conditions of temperature and drought. Okra is grown in most southern home gardens and is consumed as a main dish vegetable or used in soups and gumbos.Because of its popularity and environmental adaptability, okra may have the potential for attracting fresh market premium prices for limited resource farm operations. However, little has been published on insect pests of okra in the United States. In an investigation at Petersburg, Virginia, during 1979 and 1980, we found that the corn earworm, Heliothis zea (Boddie), was an important pest of okra.

Evaluation of Trap Cropping and Biological Control Against Southern Corn Rootworm (Coleopetera: Chrysomelidae) in Peanuts

1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.E. Barbercheck ◽  
W.C. Warrick
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Corn Rootworm ◽  
Cucurbita Maxima ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Trap Crop ◽  
Diabrotica Undecimpunctata Howardi ◽  
Southern Corn Rootworm ◽  
Trap Cropping

Field trials to test the efficacy of trap cropping and biological control for the management of Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi Barber (Chrysomelidae: Luperini) in peanuts were conducted in 1992, 1993, and 1994. Cucurbita maxima Duchesne cv. ‘Blue Hubbard’ was used as a trap crop for adult beetles and the entomopathogenic nematodes, Steinernema carpocapse Weiser and Steinernema riobravis Cabanillas, Poinar and Raulston, were used as biological control agents against soil-inhabiting larvae. In 1992, peanut yields were highest in treatments that included a trap crop. Trap crop did not affect yield in 1993 or 1994. In 2 out of the 3 years, distribution of pod damage relative to the trap crop suggested that beetles oviposited more frequently in peanuts growing in the row next to the trap crop than in peanuts 3 rows from the trap crop. Although entomopathogenic nematodes persisted for a sufficient period to overlap with the presence of rootworms, they did not affect yield or pod damage in peanuts.

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