scholarly journals Long-term natural flow regime (spells) analysis for water treatment discharges

2019 ◽  
pp. 72-82
Author(s):  
О. Makarynskyy ◽  
D. Makarynska
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Planned Change ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Treatment Facility ◽  
Application Process ◽  
Mineral Extraction ◽  
Creek Water ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Flow Duration Curves

Conducting mineral extraction activities usually requires obtaining a set of permits for each of the activities planned to be undertaken. This directly concerns water management and discharges associated with any mineral extraction operations. In response to the growing demand for energy resources worldwide, the industry demand for permits relating to the extraction of coal seam (and shale) gas also increased dramatically. This was in turn accompanied by the growing community concerns in regard to fracking and wastewater management practices. To address these concerns, the state governments in Australia developed a strict framework and guidelines for the permit application process and provided terms of reference for the environmental impact assessments, where required. In accord with the guidelines, a liquefied natural gas mining operator was conducting a research to assess several facets of water releases from Reedy Creek Water Treatment Facility to Yuleba Creek in Queensland. The scope for the research was developed in line with such guidelines and included estimating the downstream extents of flows from several Water Treatment Facility discharge volumes over a period of planned discharges. More specifically, the purpose of the study presented in this paper was to assess flows in Yuleba Creek before and after the proposed releases of treated water from the Reedy Creek Water Treatment Facility, and how the planned change to flow parameters would satisfy the regulatory guidelines. The assessment was based on 41 years of data collected at the Forestry Station gauge. An analysis of the obtained results suggested that the historical maximum was 25,825 ML/d. An analysis of the median flows suggested that the years 1983, 1999, and 2010-2012 had the highest medians of around 15 ML/d, 10 ML/d, and from 9 ML/d to 12 ML/d respectively. The median flow values would exceed from 0.09 ML/d to 0.69 ML/d flows during the months of February and March only. The lowest 90th percentile flows were obtained for the months from April through to October. The highest flow estimates would be in the months from November through to March. An analysis of the flow duration curves suggested that the annually averaged flow of 0.08 ML/d in the Yuleba Creek would be present for around 48% of the time. Flows predictabilities were calculated; for the baseline flow records, the value of predictability was 0.50, and the constancy/predictability ratio was 0.89. The rates of streamflow rise and fall were estimated and analysed. The results suggested that the rate of streamflow rise varied within a range from 0.0 up to 320.0 ML/d per day. The rates of streamflow fall was up to 15.0 ML/d per day.

Enhancingshitsuke: a planned change intervention model for convenience stores in Japan

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-93
Author(s):  
Shiro Ito
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Planned Change ◽  
Employee Productivity ◽  
Work Culture ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Convenience Stores ◽  
Human Resource Management Practices ◽  
Before And After

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to emphasize the importance of good management and well-disciplined workforce in convenience store operations as well as improve organizational performance using the 5S method. This study would be beneficial to convenience stores in Japan considering that it addresses some of the major issues involved in the maintenance of employee productivity. Specific objectives of the study were: determination ofshitsuke’s importance in employee behavior; and examination of the effects ofshitsukeon the performance of convenience stores.Design/methodology/approachFor this study, three convenience stores in Tokyo, Japan with a total of 23 respondent employees were selected as subjects. A qualitative research method was used, and the responses obtained before and after the 5S implementation were compared.FindingsThe results showed the following:shitsuke(discipline) was significantly important in maintaining store cleanliness, especially for toilets; the steps for undertaking a planned change to improveshitsukeinvolved developing a shared outlook for the business and reaching an agreement on basic processes; and enforcement of 5S and development of effective managers were deemed necessary.Originality/valueThe results of this research would provide substantial insights into various human resource management practices necessary to enhance work culture and organizational performance. In addition, this study may also be applicable to other small and medium business enterprises.

Sewage Treatment by Waste Stabilization Pond Systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
J. Kenneth, R. S. Suglo
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Stabilization Pond ◽  
Waste Stabilization Pond ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Waste Stabilization ◽  
High Reduction ◽  
Wastewater Samples

Sewage generated in Ghana is commonly discharged into the environment without any form of treatment to reduce the degree ofcontamination and mitigate potential public health and environmental issues. Although some attempts have been made in someparts of Ghana to utilize the waste stabilization pond (WSP) system to treat domestic sewage, the ponds often fail to achievetheir purpose due to lack of basic maintenance and supervision. To assess the utility of the WSP system for treating sewage,wastewater samples were collected from the raw sewage, anaerobic, facultative and maturation ponds of WSPs at Obuasi inGhana, and analyzed for physicochemical and microbiological contaminants. The results show that the final pond effluent meetsrecommended microbiological and chemical quality guidelines. The waste stabilization pond system demonstrates high removalefficiencies of wastewater contaminants. The biochemical oxygen demand, total suspended solids, nitrate and faecal coliformsreduction efficiencies of 97.3%, 97.6%, 83.3% and 99.94% respectively are highly significant, and compare well with reportedremoval efficiencies in the literature. Additionally, the ponds have high reduction efficiencies for heavy metals and pathogenicmicroorganisms. The wastewater treatment system complies with standard wastewater management practices, and provides auseful method for treating and disposing wastewater in Ghana.

Mining wastewater management and its effects on groundwater and ecosystems

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (9) ◽  
pp. 1481-1487 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Celebi ◽  
S. Özdemir
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Mining Wastewater ◽  
The Developed Countries

Large-scale mining activities have a huge impact on the environment. Determination of the size of the effect and monitoring it is vital. In this study, risk assessment studies in mining areas and the effect of mining on groundwater and ecosystems were investigated. Best management practices and risk assessment steps were determined, especially in areas with huge amounts of mining wastewater. The pollution of groundwater and its reaching humans is a risk of major importance. Our study showed, using many cases with different parameters and countries, that the management of mining wastewater is vital. Environmental impact assessments and monitoring studies must be carried out before operation and at the closure of the mine. Policies must be in place and ready to apply. Factors of climate, geology, ecology and human health must be considered over a long period. Currently, only the developed countries are applying policies and paying attention to the risk. International assessments and health risk assessments should be carried out according to international standards.

Swing Operation Envelope of River-Sourced Water Treatment Facility for Water Injection Purpose in Banyu Urip Field

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Amin Rois ◽  
Willy Dharmawan
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
River Water ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Treatment Cost ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Injection Rate ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Treatment Facility ◽  
Water Parameters ◽  
Water Basin

Abstract Banyu Urip reservoir management heavily rely on river-sourced water as water injection to meet Voidage Replacement Ratio target of 1. The treatment facility which consist of Raw Water Basin, Clarifiers, Multi Media Fine (MMF) Filters and Cartridge Filters, is sensitive to seasonal transition and river condition. This paper shares lesson learnt in operating such facility and troubleshooting guidance to overcome challenges of high turbidity during rainy season and lack of river water volume during drought season. To maintain the design intent of Banyu Urip (BU) water treatment facility in achieving water injection quality and quantity at reasonable cost, following activities were undertaken: [1] Critical water parameters data gathering & analysis across each unit; [2] Clarifier Chemical injection dosage verification based on laboratory test; [3] MMF Media coring inspection to assess the filtering media condition; [4] MMF Filters backwash parameters optimization; [5] MMF Filter on-off valve sequencing optimization to address water hammering issue; [6] Water injection rate management to deal with river water source availability along the year. Critical water parameters analysis revealed that chemical dosages were in-adequate to treat the five times higher turbidity coming into Clarifiers during early rain 2019. On top of this, low Raw Water Basin level at the end of long drought further contributed to jeopardize Clarifier's operation. Although in-adequate chemicals injection was resolved at early 2020, the treatment cost remained high, especially on filtration section. Media coring result on MMF Filters confirmed that the filtering media have been poisoned by carried-over mud from Clarifiers during upset. The operation of MMF Filters required extensive optimization on backwash parameters to successfully recover the MMF Filters performance without media replacement. Latest media coring on the worst MMF Filter showed that there was no more top mud layer and the amount of trapped mud had been decreased significantly. Cartridge Filter replacement interval was improved from 38 hours to 186 hours, therefore water treatment cost dropped with quite significant margin. Additionally, the availability of each MMF Filters was also improved. At the same time, the high water injection rate during 2020 rainy season, had successfully increased reservoir pressure buffer up to its maximum point as the anticipation of prolonged drought season. This paper provides the troubleshooting guidance for MMF Filter application in season-prone water treatment facility including insights on interpretation of media coring result and linking it back to optimization strategy on the MMF Filters drain down time for effective backwash process without having excessive media loss.

Short-term effects of timber harvest and forest edges on ground-layer mosses and liverworts

2005 ◽  
Vol 83 (6) ◽  
pp. 610-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cara R Nelson ◽  
Charles B Halpern
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Edge Effects ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Timber Harvest ◽  
Ground Layer ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Logging Effects ◽  
Structural Retention

Limited information exists on the effects of forest management practices on bryophytes, despite their importance to forest ecosystems. We examined short-term responses of ground-layer bryophytes to logging disturbance and creation of edges in mature Pseudotsuga forests of western Washington (USA). The abundance and richness of species were measured in four 1-ha forest aggregates (patches of intact forest) and in surrounding logged areas before and after structural retention harvests. One year after treatment, species richness, total cover, and frequency of most moss and liverwort taxa declined within harvest areas. Within forest aggregates, mosses did not show significant edge effects; however, richness and abundance of liverworts declined with proximity to the aggregate edge. Our results suggest that, over short time frames, 1-ha-sized aggregates are sufficient to maintain most common mosses through structural retention harvests but are not large enough to prevent declines or losses of liverworts. Thus, current standards for structural retention, which allow for aggregates as small as 0.2 ha, may be inadequate to retain the diversity and abundance of species found in mature, undisturbed forests.Key words: bryophyte, edge effects, forest borders, forest management, logging effects, structural retention harvest.

scholarly journals Cost and financial sustainability of a household-based water treatment and storage intervention in Zambia

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anyana Banerjee ◽  
Deborah A. McFarland ◽  
Ritu Singh ◽  
Robert Quick
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water System ◽  
Financial Loss ◽  
Household Water Treatment ◽  
Safe Water ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Household Water ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Program Costs ◽  
And Behavior

Providing safe water to >1 billion people in need is a major challenge. To address this need, the Safe Water System (SWS) - household water treatment with dilute bleach, safe water storage, and behavior change - has been implemented in >20 countries. To assess the potential sustainability of the SWS, we analyzed costs in Zambia of “Clorin” brand product sold in bottles sufficient for a month of water treatment at a price of $0.09. We analyzed production, marketing, distribution, and overhead costs of Clorin before and after sales reached nationwide scale, and analyzed Clorin sales revenue. The average cost per bottle of Clorin production, marketing and distribution at start-up in 1999 was $1.88 but decreased by 82% to $0.33 in 2003, when >1.7 million bottles were sold. The financial loss per bottle decreased from $1.72 in 1999 to $0.24 in 2003. Net program costs in 2003 were $428,984, or only $0.04 per person-month of protection. A sensitivity analysis showed that if the bottle price increased to $0.18, the project would be self-sustaining at maximum capacity. This analysis demonstrated that efficiencies in the SWS supply chain can be achieved through social marketing. Even with a subsidy, overall program costs per beneficiary are low.

scholarly journals Assessment of Domestic Wastewater Management Practices in the Communal District I of Maradi City, Niger Republic

2015 ◽  
Vol 03 (08) ◽  
pp. 57-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ousmane Laminou Manzo ◽  
Hassidou Saidou ◽  
Salamatou Abdourahamane Illiassou ◽  
Saoudé Tidjani Idrissa
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Management

scholarly journals Hot-Water Treatment of Mango Fruits to Reduce Anthracnose Decay

1969 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 272-283
Author(s):  
William Pennock ◽  
Gilberto Maldonado
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Safety Margin ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Hot Water Treatment ◽  
Mango Fruit ◽  
Commercial Practice ◽  
Before And After

1. Anthracnose damage was greatly reduced in mango fruit picked at shipping maturity and immersed in hot water before storage and subsequent ripening. 2. The equipment and method of treating the fruits are described and discussed. 3. A precise technique which was devised for measuring anthracnose damage before and after storage is also described. 4. Immersion of the fruit for 15 minutes in water held at temperatures between 51° C. and 51.5° C., with a safety margin of 0.5° C., is recommended for commercial practice before packing and shipment. Water temperature must be kept below 52° C. to prevent possible scalding of the fruit.

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