Minerals and rocks from which large stone items were made in the bronze age Margiana and possible places of their mining

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitaliya Agakhanova ◽  
◽  
Anatoliy Yuminov ◽  
Yazgul Terkisheva ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Large Stone ◽  
The Bronze Age ◽  
Made In

Settlement and Economy in Southern Italy in the Neothermal Period

1969 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 332-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth D. Whitehouse
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Human Occupation ◽  
Subsistence Economy ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Bronze Age ◽  
Made In

The post-Pleistocene archaeology of southern Italy is a rapidly developing study and for this reason, while many facets of it are still little known, others are undergoing fundamental changes as new discoveries are made. Particularly notable contributions have been made in the last 20 years by, among others, L. Cardini, P. Graziosi, A. Palma di Cesnola, E. Borzatti von Löwenstern, O. Cornaggia Castiglioni and F. Zorzi in the palaeolithic and mesolithic field, R. B. K. Stevenson, L. Bernabò Brea, D. Trump and S. Tinè in the Neolithic sphere and D. Trump, S. M. Puglisi, R.Peroni, F. G. Lo Porto and H. Muller-Karpe for the bronze age. As a result of this work it is now possible for us to reconstruct in outline the later prehistory of southern Italy. Most of the work that has been done has been on individual topics, and, while some attempts at synthesis have been made (most notably those of A. M. Radmilli, D. Trump and R. Peroni), these have taken the form of a culture-by-culture description, as it were a commentary upon a vast composite stratigraphy of the area. No attempt, however, has yet been made to produce a history of the human occupation of the land and it is towards this aim that my paper is directed.The emphasis in this paper is on settlement and economy in relation to environment. It is through the techniques of his subsistence economy that man deals with (or in evolutionary terms, adapts to) his environment, and in this sense it can be regarded as the most important factor contributing to the nature and development of society.

scholarly journals РАДИОУГЛЕРОДНОЕ ДАТИРОВАНИЕ ОБЪЕКТОВ ИСКУССТВА С ПАМЯТНИКА ТУРИСТ-2 (Г. НОВОСИБИРСК)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Zotkina ◽  
◽  
N. Basova ◽  
A. Postnov ◽  
K. Kolobova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Plastic Arts ◽  
Art Objects ◽  
The Bronze Age ◽  
Made In

The complex of miniature plastic arts from the Bronze Age burial at the Tourist-2 settlement (Novosibirsk) is unique. Mobile art objects are anthropomorphic and zoomorphic figures, made in a single peculiar iconographic manner, called the «Krohalevsky» style. Here we present the first radiocarbon dates from this settlement. The obtained dates can be later used for the cultural and chronological attribution of other images close to the figurative manner.

Windmill Hill, Avebury, and Grime's Graves

1916 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-239
Author(s):  
H. G. O. Kendall
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Bronze Age ◽  
British Association ◽  
The Hill ◽  
The Bronze Age ◽  
Made In

Mr. H. St. Geo. Gray's excavations at Avebury under the auspices of a Committee of the British Association, have shown that the famous vallum, fosse, and circle had their origin at the end of the Neolithic or beginning of the Bronze Age.One mile N.W. of Avebury stands Windmill Hill. It may well have been to Avebury what the civil town of Old Sarum and its fortifications were to the clergy and the cathedral. The summit is surrounded by the remains of a rampart, which, however, may not truly deserve that title. For along most of its length it has the appearance of a bank only, supporting the flat platform of the hill top. A trench, recently made in connection with a water supply, failed to disclose any trace of a ditch below the bank at that spot. This, it is true, was overlooking the steeper side of the hill. There were probably other defensive banks on the lower slopes of the hill. Many round barrows stand upon the hill, some within, but most without the camp. Not far from the hill, at Winterbourne Monkton, stood a long barrow, destroyed, alas, some years ago, by a farmer.

scholarly journals CHILDREN’S GRAVES AT THE CHAYKA SETTLEMENT IN THE NORTHWESTERN CRIMEA

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Е.А. Попова
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Main Issue ◽  
Semantic Interpretation ◽  
Common Features ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
The Bronze Age ◽  
Made In

На городище «Чайка» в Северо-Западном Крыму открыты пять детских погребений: в амфоре, каменных ящичках и ямках, обложенных камнями. Все захоронения связаны со стенами построек позднескифского поселения I в. до н. э. – I в. н. э. и находились под полами помещений. Все они безынвентарны. Детские погребения на поселениях существовали в Греции с бронзового века. Эта традиция проявилась особенно ярко на поселениях Крыма и Поднепровья со II в. до н. э. по III в. н. э. На поселениях Крыма такие захоронения разнообразны хронологически, но есть много общего между ними: расположение у стен домов под полами, отсутствие инвентаря, погребения в сосудах и ямках. Иногда встречаются погребения с инвентарем. Главная проблема – семантическая интерпретация. Рассмотренные материалы показывают необходимость дальнейшей работы с ними, что позволит приблизиться к адекватным выводам. Имеющееся количество материала вполне репрезентативно для систематизации подобных памятников, в частности, позднескифских поселений. Five children’s burials in an amphora (Fig. 1), in stone cists (Fig. 4: a, b) and in small pits lined with stones (Fig. 2: a, b; Fig. 3) were discovered at the Chayka settlement in the northwestern Crimea. All graves located near the walls of buildings from this Late Scythian settlement of the 1st century BC – 1st century AD were made under the floor of the rooms. The graves had no funerary offerings. Children’s graves at settlements were made in Greece since the Bronze Age. This tradition was particularly evident at the settlements in the Crimea and the Dnieper region in the period from the 2nd century BC to the 3rd century AD. Such graves found at the Crimean settlements are varied chronologically; however, they share many common features such as location near the walls of the buildings under the floor boards, absence of funerary offerings, burials in vessels and small pits. Sometimes graves with funerary offerings also occur. The main issue is their semantic interpretation. The materials examined demonstrate a need of follow-up analysis, which will derive valid conclusions. The available materials are quite representative for systematization of such sites, in particular, Late Scythian settlements.

scholarly journals V.—Antiquities of the Bronze Age found in the Heathery Burn Cave, county Durham

Archaeologia ◽  
1894 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Greenwell
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
The People ◽  
The Bronze Age ◽  
Made In

The purpose of the present memoir is to place on record an account of what, in many respects, is one of the most valuable discoveries ever made in Britain of weapons, implements, ornaments, and other things belonging to the Bronze Age. Discoveries of objects of that period have usually consisted of a single article or more accidentally lost, of hoards of founders or vendors, secreted for one reason or another, and of the various sepulchral remains which have been found in barrows, cairns, or other places of burial. These all are of greater or less importance as illustrating the condition and habits of life of the people of that time, and the stage of cultivation and civilization to which they had attained. But the discovery with which this account is concerned possesses a very much higher value than that of any hoard of however great a number of articles, or of any series of objects which relate to a section only of daily life and occupation. It gives us, though perhaps in a lesser degree, much the same information that the lake dwellings of Switzerland and other countries have so abundantly supplied. “We possess, in fact, in the discovery about to be described a record in the very things themselves of the entire equipment of a family as it was possessed by them when they perished in their home, as I believe, by a sudden and unforseen catastrophe.

Bronze Age Cauldrons in Atlantic Europe: Materials Selection and Design

1988 ◽  
Vol 123 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Peter Northover ◽  
Sabine Gerloff
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Materials Selection ◽  
Materials Properties ◽  
Selection For ◽  
The Bronze Age ◽  
Made In

AbstractThe cauldrons and buckets of the later Bronze Age in Atlantic Europe, produced from the 12th to the 6th century BC, were some of the most complex fabrications made in that period of prehistory. They show a steadily increasing understanding of the problems posed by their design and an increasing elegance in their solution. At the same time they demonstrate considerable awareness of materials properties and provide one of the clearest instances in the Bronze Age of materials selection for specific purposes.

scholarly journals Ancient Art of Tuva (Petroglyphs of the Bronze Age)

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1 (25)) ◽  
pp. 165-173
Author(s):  
Larisa D. Chadamba
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
The Bronze Age ◽  
Made In ◽  
Cave Art

On the territory of Tuva, about 80 locations of petroglyphs are known, while a rather extensive series of diverse and very expressive drawings dates back to the Bronze Age. These are numerous images of bulls, larvae, chariots, mushroom-headed people, etc. According to the results of the study, it was concluded that the cave art of Tuva in the Bronze Age has specifics in a set of plots and images made in accordance with established traditions. The Bronze Age is characterized by similarity with respect to the plot and stylistic character with drawings by the Khakass-Minusinsk depression, Altai and Kazakhstan.

Thucydides as Archaeologist

1955 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 266-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Third Century ◽  
Careful Study ◽  
Positive Evidence ◽  
The Third ◽  
Fountain House ◽  
The City ◽  
The Temple ◽  
The Bronze Age ◽  
Made In

In i.1–21 Thucydides gives a brief interpretation of early Greek history. This is important not only for the critical standard of its author, but also because in ten instances he says what his evidence is. Twice his evidence is archaeological. The two passages deserve careful study.Mycenae had been destroyed by the Argives in the 460's and was deserted till the third century B.C. Thanks to modern archaeologists and Pausanias we can form some idea of what was to be seen in the time of Thucydides. Much of the Bronze Age wall, including the Lion Gate, should have been above ground; it was anyhow visible to Pausanias, and before him the Hellenistic fortifiers had made use of it. Some of the tholos tombs were open, to judge by finds made in their excavation and by Pausanias's mention of ‘underground treasuries of Atreus and his sons’. Of the Bronze Age palace and houses nothing was left above ground, so the stratification suggests. But the ruins of the city demolished in the 460's must still have survived, and its sanctuaries may have been intact; it would have been natural enough for the Argives to spare them, and there is some positive evidence that the temple on the summit of Mycenae and the sanctuary near the fountain house outside the Lion Gate were both kept in repair and that the Agamemnoneion over half a mile to the south was still visited.

Cypriot Finger Rings

1970 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 5-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Boardman
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Near East ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Metal Rings ◽  
The Bronze Age ◽  
Main Influence ◽  
Made In

The Role of Cyprus as intermediary between the cities of the Near East and the Aegean world can be studied in many different ways. This article is devoted to Cypriot metal signet rings of Iron Age (pre-Roman) date and the part they play in the story of east and west. It comprises a full publication of the metal rings in Nicosia museum, which I was invited to undertake by Drs. V. Karageorghis and K. Nikolaou, but it includes consideration of other finds from Cyprus now in other collections, and a few other probably Cypriot pieces. For the latter, less-detailed descriptions and references are given.Since the continuity of culture between the Bronze Age and the Iron Age in Cyprus is more easily demonstrated than it can be in most other areas of the eastern Mediterranean, it is necessary to begin with a brief account of the all-metal signet rings in use in the island at the end of the Bronze Age, and token illustration is given here to supplement published photographs. The main influence in the shapes of these rings is Egyptian and not Aegean, since the long oval bezels of the rings run with the hoop and not across it, and the rings are all intended for wearing on the fingers, as some have been found in tombs, which is not true of most Aegean signet rings. Three different styles of decoration may be observed. The first is thoroughly Egyptianizing and some pieces are of high quality. The hoops of the rings are stirrup-shaped but occasionally have rounded shoulders, and the bezels are long ovals like cartouches. In these respects they follow Egyptian forms very closely, and it is possible that some are in fact of Egyptian origin. The shape and style of any made in Cyprus may, of course, not have been derived directly from Egypt, but via the Palestine—Syria coast.

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