scholarly journals The Lives of Girls and Young Women in the Time of COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. v-xi
Author(s):  
Claudia Mitchell ◽  
Ann Smith
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender

As with Zika, Ebola, HIV and AIDS, and other pandemics in recent history, girls and young women are particularly vulnerable to COVID-19 socially and emotionally if not medically. Some observers have referred to the current crisis as a tale of two pandemics in reference to both the obvious health issues and the pervasive gender inequalities that have become exacerbated, and others have referred to it as “the shadow pandemic” (UN Women 2020: n.p.) in highlighting the negative impact that physical distancing and social isolation are having on already vulnerable girls and young women experiencing sex- and gender-based violence. All over the world girls and young women are facing increasing levels of precariousness as a direct result of the health measures being taken to curb the global transmission of COVID-19. The increasing lack of privacy in the home furthers the practice of cultural forms of patriarchy that lead to violence.

scholarly journals Gender Inequalities and the Effects of Feminine Artworks on Public Spaces: A Dialogue

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 158-167
Author(s):  
Hooshmand Alizadeh ◽  
Josef Kohlbacher ◽  
Rozhen Kamal Mohammed-Amin ◽  
Tabin Latif Raouf
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Street Art ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Social Barriers ◽  
The Public ◽  
Kurdish Women ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The City

Feminist street art aims to transform patriarchal spaces into places of gendered resistance by asserting a feminist presence in the city. Considering this, as well as women’s social life, their struggle against lingering forces of patriarchy, and relating features of inequality (domestic violence), there was a feminist installation artwork by the young Kurdish artist Tara Abdulla that shook the city of Sulaimani in Iraqi Kurdistan on 26 October 2020. She had prepared a 4,800‐meter‐long washing line covered with the clothes of 99,678 Kurdish women who were survivors of sexual and gender‐based violence. They installed it along the busiest street of the city (Salim Street). She used this piece of feminine to express her reaction to the Kurdish society regarding, the abuse that goes on silently, behind closed doors. She also aimed towards normalizing women’s bodies. After the installation, she received many controversial reactions. As her artwork was a pioneering project in line with feminist issues in Kurdistan which preoccupied the city for quite a while, the aim of this article is to investigate the diverse effects of her work on the current dialogue regarding gender inequality in the Kurdish society. To do this, we used the research method of content analysis on big data (Facebook comments) to investigate the public reactions of a larger number of locals. The Feminine effectively exposed some of the deep‐rooted cultural, religious, and social barriers in addressing gender inequalities and silent sexual violence issues in the modern Kurdish patriarchal society.

HIV Discrimination, Stigma, and Gender-Based Violence

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoine Douaihy ◽  
Neeta Shenai ◽  
Kimberly Clinebell ◽  
Mary Ann Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Hiv Stigma ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Infectious Illness ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Hiv Discrimination

Stigma, discrimination, and gender-based violence complicate and perpetuate the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pandemic. Although remarkable strides have transformed AIDS from a rapidly fatal infectious illness to a chronic manageable illness, HIV-based stigma, discrimination, and gender-based violence, together known as AIDSism, still exist and have not been transformed in the same way as the illness itself. These barriers continue to have a negative impact on prevention and testing as well as in engagement, retention, and adherence to care. This chapter explores the role that clinicians can play in recognizing and ameliorating HIV stigma, discrimination, and gender-based violence in order to diminish both suffering and HIV transmission and lead to compassionate and competent approaches to care.

scholarly journals “You talk about problems until you feel free”: South African adolescent girls’ and young women’s narratives on the value of HIV prevention peer support clubs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Baron ◽  
Fiona Scorgie ◽  
Lethabo Ramskin ◽  
Nomhle Khoza ◽  
Jennifer Schutzman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Partner Communication ◽  
Adherence Support ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
As Relationship

Abstract Background: Daily oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) can reduce HIV infection in adolescent girls and young women if used consistently during periods of risk. The EMPOWER study evaluated peer-based clubs incorporating an empowerment curriculum offered to adolescent girls and young women (16-24 years) in South Africa and Tanzania for adherence support. Methods: Using serial in-depth interviews (n=33), we assessed the benefits and challenges of club attendance among 13 EMPOWER participants in the Johannesburg site who were randomised to clubs. We used a summary matrix of coded data to support a narrative, case-based analysis. Four case studies are presented. Results: Club participants reported benefits such as increased self-esteem and self-efficacy, reduced isolation, and greater insight into gender-based violence and strategies to address it. Day-to-day PrEP adherence was not the only topic discussed in clubs; participants also appreciated the safe space for sharing problems (such as relationship conflict and PrEP stigma) and found interactive exercises helpful in improving partner communication.Conclusions: Findings support the use of peer-based clubs using a structured empowerment approach, which may offer valuable PrEP initiation support to adolescent girls and young women in settings with high HIV and gender-based violence prevalence.Trial registration: South African Clinical Trial Register 4353, 15 April 2016

scholarly journals “You talk about problems until you feel free”: South African adolescent and young women’s narratives on the value of HIV prevention peer support clubs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Baron ◽  
Fiona Scorgie ◽  
Lethabo Ramskin ◽  
Nomhle Khoza ◽  
Jennifer Schutzman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Partner Communication ◽  
Adherence Support ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Violence Prevalence ◽  
Interactive Exercises

Abstract Daily oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) can reduce HIV infection in adolescent girls and young women if used consistently during periods of risk. The EMPOWER study evaluated peer-based clubs incorporating an empowerment curriculum offered to adolescent girls and young women (16-24 years) in South Africa and Tanzania for adherence support. Using serial in-depth interviews (n=33), we assessed the benefits and challenges of club attendance among 13 EMPOWER participants in the Johannesburg site who were randomised to clubs. We used a summary matrix of coded data to support a narrative, case-based analysis. Four case studies are presented. Club participants reported benefits such as increased self-esteem and self-efficacy, reduced isolation, and greater insight into gender-based violence and strategies to address it. Day-to-day PrEP adherence was not the only topic discussed in clubs; participants also appreciated the safe space for sharing problems and found interactive exercises helpful in improving partner communication. Findings support the use of peer-based clubs using a structured empowerment approach, which may offer valuable PrEP initiation support to adolescent girls and young women in settings with high HIV and gender-based violence prevalence.

scholarly journals Gender and Gender-Based Violence

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Brown Wollenberg
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender

Action Against Hunger is an international non-governmental organization with six headquarters located around the world that focus on ending hunger in low and middle-income countries. The Canadian office uniquely provides evidenced-based technical support and evaluation for headquarters focused on implementing interventions and programming to mitigate hunger. For my practicum I worked in the International Gender Unit to support ongoing policy development and updating of the organization’s cross-network gender policy. Gender inequalities have direct causal links with malnutrition; yet, in March 2020 the Global Nutrition Report showed that global efforts to mitigate hunger by addressing gender inequalities are behind on most targets. To better capture and learn how to address underlying inequalities and drivers of malnutrition, my practicum research focused on the associations and non-associations between gender, gender-based violence, and malnutrition. This practicum placement had three objectives: 1) to provide a literature review 2) to provide a database comprised of peer-reviewed and grey literature; and, 3) to support new policy development during cross-headquarters discussions, research, and reporting. During this placement I had the opportunity to work online with individuals across five continents and twenty-one countries. This included facilitating break-out policy discussions during policy meetings, as well as semi-structured interviews that were conducted prior to providing a literature review and socio-ecological discussion on gender, gender-based violence and malnutrition. The opportunity to engage in international and cross-cultural collaborative work has been the highlight of my practicum. It has provided the opportunity to not only sharpen my reflexive praxis as a student of public health, but to sharpen my understanding of the policy process at the organizational level. It has additionally illuminated the importance of structural and social contexts in public health research and programming, especially within efforts to address gender inequalities and gender-based violence associated with malnutrition.

scholarly journals “You talk about problems until you feel free”: South African adolescent girls' and young women’s narratives on the value of HIV prevention peer support clubs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Baron ◽  
Fiona Scorgie ◽  
Lethabo Ramskin ◽  
Nomhle Khoza ◽  
Jennifer Schutzman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Partner Communication ◽  
Adherence Support ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Violence Prevalence ◽  
As Relationship

Abstract Background: Daily oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) can reduce HIV infection in adolescent girls and young women if used consistently during periods of risk. The EMPOWER study evaluated peer-based clubs incorporating an empowerment curriculum offered to adolescent girls and young women (16-24 years) in South Africa and Tanzania for adherence support. Methods: Using serial in-depth interviews (n=33), we assessed the benefits and challenges of club attendance among 13 EMPOWER participants in the Johannesburg site who were randomised to clubs. We used a summary matrix of coded data to support a narrative, case-based analysis. Four case studies are presented. Results: Club participants reported benefits such as increased self-esteem and self-efficacy, reduced isolation, and greater insight into gender-based violence and strategies to address it. Day-to-day PrEP adherence was not the only topic discussed in clubs; participants also appreciated the safe space for sharing problems (such as relationship conflict and PrEP stigma) and found interactive exercises helpful in improving partner communication.Conclusions: Findings support the use of peer-based clubs using a structured empowerment approach, which may offer valuable PrEP initiation support to adolescent girls and young women in settings with high HIV and gender-based violence prevalence.

A LOOK AT DOMESTIC AND GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE IN PORTUGAL: FROM LAW TO DISCOURSES

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Marques
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Social Evolution ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
News Stories ◽  
The Social ◽  
Portuguese Society ◽  
Victims Of Violence ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender

Despite legislative advancements, domestic violence is still today a crime considered as "minor" by many, or often the actions that materialise it are not even recognised. The first steps in Portuguese legislation were taken by the Penal Code approved in 1982, which typified the crime of ill-treatment between spouses, and by the Law n. º 61/91 of 13th of August, which guaranteed “adequate protection to women victims of violence”. However, only in 2007, was the crime of Domestic Violence created, which shows, from 1982 until then, a long path of hesitations and slow social evolution concerning the consciousness of this crime’s seriousness. Until 2007, the crime of spousal abuse was integrated in a broader criminal arrangement, characterised by the abuse of persons. In 2009, with the typification of the crime of Domestic Violence and with the publication of the legal regime applicable to the prevention, protection, and assistance of victims, denominated as Law of Domestic Violence, a more consolidated phase was inaugurated, in both legal treatment and social intervention. Despite these evolutions, Portugal continues to witness an attitude of "social and collective consent" to some forms of Domestic Violence, oftentimes disguised in the acceptance and normalisation of gender inequalities. We have seen news stories where judgements are presented, within the scope of Domestic Violence cases, where discriminatory ideas against women and excuses for the crime of Domestic Violence are manifested. This is proof that some of the representatives of justice (the judges) do not accept what has already been legally approved in the Portuguese legal system. Similarly, recent studies on the population’s perception of domestic and gender-based violence show the abiding ideas and understandings of acceptance and normalisation of domestic and gender-based violence in Portuguese society. We intend to present the evolution of the typification of the crime of domestic violence in Portugal. Then, we intend to understand how this phenomenon has been perceived in Portuguese society. Therefore, we will be able to understand the continuities and ruptures between the legislative body and the social body in what concerns Domestic Violence and Violence against Women in Portugal.

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