scholarly journals Effect of a milk byproduct–based calf starter feed on dairy calf nutrient consumption, rumen development, and performance when fed different milk levels

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.D. Parsons ◽  
M.A. Steele ◽  
K.E. Leslie ◽  
D.L. Renaud ◽  
C.N. Reedman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Calf ◽  
Nutrient Consumption ◽  
Rumen Development ◽  
And Performance

scholarly journals Penggunaan Kulit Nanas Fermentasi dalam Ransum yang Mengandung Gulma Berkhasiat Obat Terhadap Konsumsi Nutrient Ayam Broiler

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Wasir Ibrahim ◽  
Rita Mutia ◽  
Nurhayati Nurhayati ◽  
Nelwida Nelwida ◽  
Berliana Berliana
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Pineapple Peel ◽  
Nutrient Consumption ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
And Performance

ABSTRAK. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penggunaan kulit nanas fermentasi ke dalam ransum yang mengandung gulma berkhasiat obat terhadap konsumsi nutrient ayam broiler. Penelitian ini menggunakan DOC jantan strain cob umur 2 hari sebanyak 200 ekor yang dipelihara selama 42 hari. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. P0 = 0% tepung kulit nanas fermentasi (TKNF) dalam ransum mengandung 0% gulma obat(GO), (kontrol positif), P1 = 0% TKNF dalam ransum mengandung 2 % gulma obat (GO),(kontrol negatif), P2 = 7.5% TKNF dalam ransum mengandung 2 % gulma berkhasiat obat, P3 = 15% TKNF dalam ransum mengandung 2 % gulma berkhasiat obat, P4 = 22.5% TKNF dalam ransum mengandung 2 % gulma berkhasiat obat. Parameter yang diamati kandungan gizi kulit nanas sebelum dan sesudah fermentasi dan konsumsi nutrient. Pengaruh yang nyata terhadap parameter yang diamati dilanjutkan dengan Uji Jarak Berganda Duncan, Data yang diperoleh dari setiap parameter dianalisis ragam (ANOVA) menggunakan bantuan software SPSS 16.0. Dari hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan kulit nanas yang fermentasi dengan yoghurt dalam ransum yang mengandung gulma berkhasiat obat pada taraf 15% memberikan hasil terbaik pada konsumsi nutrient ayam broiler. (Fermented pineapple peel supplementation with addition of medicinal weeds on nutrient intake consumption of broiler chicken) ABSTRACT. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of using fermented pineapple peel in the ration containing medicinal weeds on nutrient consumption and performance of broiler . Two hundred 2 days male broiler chicken cob strain were used in this study and kept for 42 days. Completely randomized design (CRD)was applied with 5 treatments and 5 replicates. Treatments consisted of P0 = 0% of fermented pineapple peels meal (FPPM) in ration containing 0% medicinal weed (MW), positive control). P1 = 0% of fermented pineapple peels meal (FPPM) in the ration containing 2 % medicinal weed (MW), negative control). P2 = 7.5% of FPPM in the ration containing 2 % medicinal weed (MW). P3 = 15% of FPPM in the ration containing 2 % medicinal weed (MW). P4 = 22,5% of FPPM in the ration containing 2 % medicinal weed (MW). The parameters measured was nutrien intake before and after fermented peel and consumption. The observed data were analyzed by statistical product and service solution (SPSS 16.0). Results showed that use of fermented pineapple peel meal up to 15% with addition medicinal weeds was the best on nutrient consumption of broiler chicken.

scholarly journals Effects of 2 colostrum and subsequent milk replacer feeding intensities on methane production, rumen development, and performance in young calves

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (7) ◽  
pp. 6054-6069
Author(s):  
Lisa-Maria Tümmler ◽  
Michael Derno ◽  
Volker Röttgen ◽  
Andreas Vernunft ◽  
Armin Tuchscherer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methane Production ◽  
Milk Replacer ◽  
Rumen Development ◽  
And Performance

scholarly journals Pre- and postnatal heat stress abatement affects dairy calf thermoregulation and performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (5) ◽  
pp. 4822-4837 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Dado-Senn ◽  
L. Vega Acosta ◽  
M. Torres Rivera ◽  
S.L. Field ◽  
M.G. Marrero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Dairy Calf ◽  
And Performance

Control of BRD in large dairy calf populations

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry W. Lehenbauer
Keyword(s):  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Dairy Calves ◽  
Dairy Calf ◽  
Record Keeping ◽  
Diagnostic Strategies ◽  
Calf Health ◽  
Economies Of Size ◽  
And Performance ◽  
And Control

AbstractBovine respiratory disease (BRD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in dairy calves. As the number of calves being raised on the dairy farm or at a calf-raising operation has become larger, both opportunity and risk have increased. Opportunities for applying economies of size and scale exist in these large dairy calf populations while meeting specific needs of the dairy calf. BRD control requires effective biosecurity and biocontainment efforts, adequate passive transfer of immunoglobulins, a strategic immunization program, and appropriate diagnostic strategies for ongoing disease surveillance. These components are necessary to achieve an evidence-based approach for preventing and reducing severity of BRD cases. Proper nutrition, housing, and environmental management are important for achieving optimal dairy calf health and performance. Good record keeping and analysis of outcomes are needed to document dairy calf health and performance and to efficiently identify new problems that require attention in these large dairy calf populations. Proper management of calves to prevent and control BRD requires careful planning and follow through to achieve those results but will likely pay big dividends in improved calf health and future productivity.

scholarly journals Smallholder family farmers’ perceptions, attitudes and choices regarding husbandry practices that influence performance and welfare of lactating dairy calves

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vilmar Fruscalso ◽  
Gabriela Olmos Antillón ◽  
Maria José Hötzel
Keyword(s):  
Performance Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Dairy Calf ◽  
Family Commitment ◽  
Perceptions And Attitudes ◽  
Husbandry Practices ◽  
And Performance ◽  
South Of Brazil

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to describe the management practices used in dairy farms in the south of Brazil, and to understand farmers’ perceptions and attitudes regarding these practices. Farms (n=135) located in all 32 of the municipalities in the northern region of Rio Grande do Sul (Alto Uruguai Gaúcho), Brazil were characterized regarding all calf management practices during a farm visit where farms were inspected and farmers interviewed. In a second visit, 25 in depth interviews were done to understand farmers’ attitudes and perceptions towards these practices and potential influence on calves’ welfare and performance. Management of lactating calves was perceived by most of the interviewees as of marginal importance for dairy activity. In general farmers did not perceive animal welfare as relevant, and most chose management practices mainly based on practical, productive and economic factors. These conclusions are consistent with management practices used by farmers, many of which represent risk factors for low calves’ survival, growth and welfare. Seven factors (self-responsibility, economic ambition, technical assistance, family succession, urban experiences, specialization and family commitment) appeared to influence farmers’ perceptions, attitudes and choices regarding husbandry practices that affect the welfare and performance of calves, which may be considered when designing programs aiming to improve dairy calf management.

Invited review: Development and expression of dairy calf feeding behaviour

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. K. Miller-Cushon ◽  
T. J. DeVries
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Dairy Calves ◽  
Dairy Calf ◽  
Early Management ◽  
Calf Growth ◽  
Impact Performance ◽  
Natural Behaviour ◽  
Physical Form ◽  
Nutrient Consumption ◽  
Management Factors

Miller-Cushon, E. K. and DeVries, T. J. 2015. Invited review: Development and expression of dairy calf feeding behaviour. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 95: 341–350. Feeding and housing practices for dairy calves impact performance and growth early in life, as well as feeding behaviour. There is also increasing evidence that early exposure to different feeding and housing strategies influence the development of feeding behaviour. The dairy calf needs access to milk in sufficient quantities to maintain health and high-levels of growth. In addition, intake of solid feed, such as grain concentrate, is necessary early in life to establish fermentation and develop the rumen. In dairy calves, feeding behaviour patterns can have direct impact on nutrient consumption and, consequently, growth. Further, recent research has provided evidence that behaviour patterns that develop in response to management factors early in life may persist once learned, potentially having longer-term implications for health and welfare. Thus, there is potential for various nutritional, housing, and management factors to impact the learning of feeding behaviour early in the life of dairy calves. This review provides several examples of early management factors that influence feeding behaviour of dairy calves and, in turn, impact calf growth and welfare. For example, providing continuous, ad libitum access to milk results not only in greater growth, but also in meal patterns that more closely resemble the natural behaviour of a calf suckling its dam. Housing management also has the potential to influence when, and how much, a calf eats. Whereas social facilitation promotes intake, particularly at weaning, competition for feed in group-housed calves restricts feeding patterns and degree of feeding synchrony. With regards to provision of solid feed, recent data suggest that providing physically effective hay, in addition to grain concentrate, may be beneficial for the rumen environment and consequent growth and efficiency. However, the physical form and presentation of forage may also influence feeding behaviour of calves, in particular feed sorting, which can impact both immediate nutrient intakes as well as the development and persistence of that behaviour. For example, calves provided hay and concentrate as a mixture begin to sort their feed early in life, with the pattern of sorting depending on hay particle size. Feed sorting in young calves may reflect a motivation to consume a proportion of hay in the diet. In general, it appears to be beneficial for early growth and welfare to support milk and solid feed intake through unrestricted allowances and less-competitive feeding environments. Continued research in this area is needed to assess the longevity of learned behaviour patterns, and what factors may influence their persistence.

scholarly journals Interactions of alfalfa hay and sodium propionate on dairy calf performance and rumen development

2014 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 2270-2280 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Beiranvand ◽  
G.R. Ghorbani ◽  
M. Khorvash ◽  
A. Nabipour ◽  
M. Dehghan-Banadaky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Calf ◽  
Sodium Propionate ◽  
Alfalfa Hay ◽  
Rumen Development ◽  
Calf Performance

Effect of weaning time on growth performance and rumendevelopment of Hu lambs

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. F. Zhang ◽  
J.M. Cha ◽  
Q. Y. Diao ◽  
S. Q. Wang ◽  
H. C. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Bacterial Composition ◽  
Creep Feed ◽  
Rumen Development ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Daily Gain

This experiment was determined the effect of weaning time on growth performance, rumen fermentation, and microbial bacterial community of lambs. Forty eight Hu lambs were randomly divided into 4 treatments. Control lambs were ewe-reared (ER), while others were weaned at d 10, 20, or 30 after birth (EW10, EW20 and EW30) and fed milk replacer artificially until d 60. All lambs had ad libitum access to same creep feed from d 15 to 90. Results showed that average daily gain, creep feed intake, final body weight, hot carcass and rumen weight of EW10, EW20 and EW30 were greater (P less than 0.05) than ER. The ammonia N concentration of EW20 and EW30 was greater (P less than 0.05) than EW10 and ER. Butyric acid in EW10 and EW20 was greater (P less than 0.05) than EW30 and ER. The richness and biodiversity of bacterial communities had no difference (P > 0.05). The predominated rumen bacterial composition in phyla level had no difference, but the minor phyla present, Proteobacteria, had difference. These results demonstrated that weaning time could improve the growth performance and rumen weight and slightly affect rumen fermentation. Weaning at d 10 was recommended to farmer to maintain prior rumen development and performance in lambs.

Transmission Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy Analysis with the Siemens ELMISKOP 101

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 450-451
Author(s):  
H. M. Thieringer
Keyword(s):  
Objective Lens ◽  
Transmission Microscopy ◽  
Image Recording ◽  
Mode Of Operation ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Convergent Beam ◽  
Ray Path ◽  
Beam Diffraction

It has repeatedly been show that with conventional electron microscopes very fine electron probes can be produced, therefore allowing various micro-techniques such as micro recording, X-ray microanalysis and convergent beam diffraction. In this paper the function and performance of an SIEMENS ELMISKOP 101 used as a scanning transmission microscope (STEM) is described. This mode of operation has some advantages over the conventional transmission microscopy (CTEM) especially for the observation of thick specimen, in spite of somewhat longer image recording times.Fig.1 shows schematically the ray path and the additional electronics of an ELMISKOP 101 working as a STEM. With a point-cathode, and using condensor I and the objective lens as a demagnifying system, an electron probe with a half-width ob about 25 Å and a typical current of 5.10-11 amp at 100 kV can be obtained in the back focal plane of the objective lens.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document