SUMMARYForty-eight uncastrated buffalo male calves and 16 male Friesian × Egyptian Native calves were used in two experiments to study the effect of weaning age on the performance of calves fed on a high concentrate ration after the first four months of age. Half of the buffalo calves were weaned at 120 days of age on to 330 kg whole buffalo milk (late-weaned) and the other half were weaned at 45 days of age on to 100 kg whole buffalo milk (early-weaned). Cattle calves were weaned at 31 days of age on to 65 kg whole cow milk. At the age of 7 days the calves were put on a high energy ration of 74% total digestible nutrients and 13·5% digestible protein. After 125 days of age all calves were offered a high concentrate ration (cottonseed cake and rice bran in the ratio of 1:1, plus 2% Ca(OH)2 and 1% common salt). Air-dried roughage was supplied at a level of ½% of the body weight. Buffalo and f-Native calves reached a slaughter weight of 400 kg or more about 540 days of age. Three-quarters Friesian calves reached the same weight at 480 days of age. The high concentrate ration caused a high incidence of bloat in ¾Friesian bulls. The efficiency of feed utilization was better for cow calves than that for buffalo calves. The system of early weaning of buffalo calves proved to be most economical and saved about 26% of the cost per kg live-weight gain. Slaughter experiments indicated that fat deposition was greater in male cattle of 400 kg than in buffalo bulls.
Early Weaning in Cow and Water Buffalo Calves (Bos Bubalus L). II. Rumen Microbial Activities in Growing Buffalo Calves
