Nanotechnology: A New Hope for the Cure of Osteoarthritis, Osteoporosis and Rheumatoid Arthritis

Bone and cartilage diseases especially osteoporosis, osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis are rapidly prevailing both in men and women particularly due to increase in life expectancies. Different treatments are being proposed using conventional drugs and their modifications. But the side effects associated with such drugs and difficulty in treatment strategies due to multifactorial nature of such diseases and difficulty in drug delivery led the researchers towards the development of more advanced technologies for the treatment purpose. Nanotechnology is a promising strategy for treating such diseases that suppresses the progression of such diseases providing causal treatment. In this review, we will summarize the recent nano-based targeted and non-targeted delivery systems using various types of nanoparticles, nanogels, nanocomplexes, nanocarriers, hydrogels etc. for the efficient delivery of drugs and other therapeutic agents like mRNA, genes, insulin-growth factors etc. Moreover, role of nanoparticles for bone and cartilage repair in tissue engineering will also be discussed.

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A Review On Expedient Assets Of Polymers Employed In Novel Topical Formulation For Successful Treatment Of Arthritis

Current Applied Polymer Science ◽

10.2174/2452271604999200620184631 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 04 ◽

Author(s):

Suchitra Nishal ◽

Vikas Jhawat ◽

Parmita Phaugat

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Targeted Delivery ◽

Treatment Strategies ◽

Polymeric Materials ◽

Cartilage Regeneration ◽

Skin Penetration ◽

Topical Formulation ◽

Improved Stability ◽

Parenteral Formulations

Background: An autoimmune ailment rheumatoid arthritis (RA) where body’s defense system is violated by damaging its own joints. In RA treatment strategies, attempts had been made for oral, topical and parenteral formulations with different drugs, but none of the formulation could be regarded as perfect dosage form. In the current review, meticulous discussion has been done for the suitability of novel topical formulation in treatment of RA. Moreover emphasize has been made on activities of biodegradable polymers such as hyaluronic acid, lecithin, pluronic acid, chitosan, human serum albumin (HSA) and poly lactide glycolic acid (PLGA) as well as their role in the management of RA. Objective: To apprehend the role of polymeric materials in developing ideal topical drug delivery system which can bestow targeted delivery, enhanced penetration of drug, improved stability of the formulation and improved PKPD profile of the drugs. These polymers possess twinfold functions, primarily by increasing the skin penetration and secondarily by improving the joint mobility and cartilage regeneration. Furthermore, biocompatibility and biodegradbility are the features which amplifies the use of aforementioned polymers. Results: Significant role of all the polymers in improving the conditions of bones and joints suffering from rheumatoid arthritis, has been demonstrated by various studies.

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Prostaglandins and Rheumatoid Arthritis

Arthritis ◽

10.1155/2012/239310 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Mohammad Javad Fattahi ◽

Abbas Mirshafiey

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Arachidonic Acid ◽

Immune Responses ◽

Cartilage Destruction ◽

Heterogeneous Population ◽

Therapeutic Protocol ◽

Site Of Action ◽

And Cartilage ◽

Homeostatic Mechanisms

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, autoimmune, and complex inflammatory disease leading to bone and cartilage destruction, whose cause remains obscure. Accumulation of genetic susceptibility, environmental factors, and dysregulated immune responses are necessary for mounting this self-reacting disease. Inflamed joints are infiltrated by a heterogeneous population of cellular and soluble mediators of the immune system, such as T cells, B cells, macrophages, cytokines, and prostaglandins (PGs). Prostaglandins are lipid inflammatory mediators derived from the arachidonic acid by multienzymatic reactions. They both sustain homeostatic mechanisms and mediate pathogenic processes, including the inflammatory reaction. They play both beneficial and harmful roles during inflammation, according to their site of action and the etiology of the inflammatory response. With respect to the role of PGs in inflammation, they can be effective mediators in the pathophysiology of RA. Thus the use of agonists or antagonists of PG receptors may be considered as a new therapeutic protocol in RA. In this paper, we try to elucidate the role of PGs in the immunopathology of RA.

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Treatment Modalities of Psoriasis: A Focus on requisite for Topical Nanocarrier

Endocrine Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets ◽

10.2174/1871530320666200604162258 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 ◽

Author(s):

Arya Kadukkattil Ramanunny ◽

Sheetu Wadhwa ◽

Divya Thakur ◽

Sachin Kumar Singh ◽

Rajesh Kumar

Keyword(s):

Targeted Delivery ◽

Treatment Strategies ◽

Topical Delivery ◽

Therapeutic Outcome ◽

Treatment Modalities ◽

First Line ◽

Comparative Review ◽

Appropriate Therapy ◽

Selection Of

Background and Objective: Psoriasis is an autoimmune skin disease involving cascading release of cytokines activated by the innate and acquired immune system. The increasing prevalence rate of psoriasis demands for more appropriate therapy. The existing chemical moiety is promising for the better therapeutic outcome but the selection of a proper channel for administration has to be reviewed. Hence there is a need to select the most appropriate dosage form and route of administration for improving the curative rate of psoriasis. Results: A total of 108 systematic reviews of research and review articles was carried to make the manuscript comprehensible. The role of inflammatory mediators in the pathogenesis of the disease is discussed for a better understanding of the selection of pharmacotherapy. The older and newer therapeutic moiety with its mode of administration for psoriasis treatment has been discussed. With a comparative review on topical and oral administration of first-line drugs such as methotrexate (MTX), cyclosporine (CsA), and betamethasone, its benefits-liabilities in the selected routes were accounted for. Emphasis has also been given towards advanced nanocarriers for dermatologic applications. Conclusion: For better therapeutic outcome, proper selection of drug moiety with its appropriate administration is the major requisite. With the advent of nanotechnology, the development of nanocarrier for dermatologic application has been successfully demonstrated in positioning the systemically administrated drug into topical targeted delivery. In a nutshell, to achieve successful treatment strategies towards psoriasis, there is a need to focus on the development of stable, non-toxic nanocarrier for topical delivery. Inclusion of the existing orally administered drug moiety into nanocarriers for topical delivery is proposed, in order to enhance therapeutics payload with reduced side effects which serves as a better treatment approach for relief of the psoriasis condition.

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