scholarly journals Mature salivary gland rests within sonic hedgehog–positive medulloblastoma: case report and insights into the molecular genetics and embryopathology of ectopic intracranial salivary gland analogs

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 708-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berje Shammassian ◽  
Sunil Manjila ◽  
Efrem Cox ◽  
Kaine Onwuzulike ◽  
Dehua Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Molecular Genetics ◽  
Posterior Fossa ◽  
Sonic Hedgehog ◽  
Unique Case ◽  
Cerebellar Medulloblastoma ◽  
Disseminated Disease

Intracranial ectopic salivary gland rests within dural-based lesions are reported very infrequently in the literature. The authors report the unique case of a 12-year-old boy with a cerebellar medulloblastoma positive for sonic hedgehog (Shh) that contained intraaxial mature ectopic salivary gland rests. The patient underwent clinical and radiological monitoring postoperatively, until he died of disseminated disease. An autopsy showed no evidence of salivary glands within disseminated lesions. The intraaxial presence of salivary gland rests and concomitant Shh positivity of the described tumor point to a disorder in differentiation as opposed to ectopic developmental foci, which are uniformly dural based in the described literature. The authors demonstrate the characteristic “papilionaceous” appearance of the salivary glands with mucicarmine stain and highlight the role of Shh signaling in explaining the intraaxial presence of seromucous gland analogs. This article reports the first intraaxial posterior fossa tumor with heterotopic salivary gland rests, and it provides molecular and embryopathological insights into the development of these lesions.

Primary extramedullary plasmacytoma of the salivary glands

1991 ◽  
Vol 105 (8) ◽  
pp. 687-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul D. Kerr ◽  
Joseph C. Dort
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Parotid Gland ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Extramedullary Plasmacytoma ◽  
Unique Case ◽  
Plasma Cell Neoplasms ◽  
Pulmonary Amyloidosis ◽  
Disseminated Disease

AbstractPrimary extramedullary piasmacytomas (PEMP) are uncommon plasma cell neoplasms that generally occur in the submucosal tissue of the upper airway. Salivary gland PEMP is an extremely rare condition. This report describes a unique case of PEMPin the parotid gland asociated with pulmonary amyloidosis. A review of all salivary gland PEMP's suggests that they behave similarly to PEMP's in other locations. The treatment of choice forlocalized disease is radiotherapy which should include regional lymphatics. Local controlcan be achieved in the majority of cases. The minority of patients develop systemic metastases and die from their disease. Chemotherapy can control disseminated disease and may induce remission.

scholarly journals Chiari I malformation and Noonan’s syndrome: Shared manifestations of RASopathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Still ◽  
◽  
Patricia Miller ◽  
William Dodd ◽  
Rachel Moor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Noonan Syndrome ◽  
Patient Population ◽  
Chiari I Malformation ◽  
Clinical Suspicion ◽  
Unique Case ◽  
Outflow Obstruction ◽  
Ventricular Outflow Obstruction ◽  
Chiari I

Neurologic sequalae of Noonan syndrome have been postulated in the literature. A topic of significance is the role of RASopathy in the shared pathophysiology of Noonan Syndrome and Chiari I malformation. In this unique case report, we present a patient with concomitant Noonan Syndrome and Chiari I with 4th ventricular outflow obstruction. The case highlights the importance of close clinical suspicion in this patient population. We utilize the case to delve into intricacies of the known pathophysiology and encourage ongoing investigation. Keywords: Noonan syndrome; Chiari I malformation; RASopathy.

scholarly journals Pleomorphic Adenoma of the Cervical Heterotopic Salivary Gland: A Case Report

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saman Vegari ◽  
Masoud Naderpour ◽  
Alireza Hemmati ◽  
Hosein Baybordi
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Pleomorphic Adenoma ◽  
Complete Resection ◽  
Cervical Region ◽  
Minor Salivary Glands ◽  
Pathologic Evaluation ◽  
Painless Mass

Introduction. Although pleomorphic adenoma is the most common neoplasm of the salivary glands, this tumor most commonly involves the minor salivary glands of palatal and rarely occurs in cervical region.Case Report. A 21-year-old female referred to our clinic due to painless mass of right upper region of neck. After paraclinical and pathologic evaluation, it was diagnosed as cervical pleomorphic adenoma.Conclusion. Pleomorphic adenoma may be rarely involving the neck. Although the prognosis is good, the choice treatment is the complete resection of the tumor.

The aminergic and peptidergic innervation of insect salivary glands

1997 ◽  
Vol 200 (14) ◽  
pp. 1941-1949 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Ali
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Salivary Secretion ◽  
Stick Insect ◽  
Stomatogastric Nervous System ◽  
Related Family ◽  
Aminergic Innervation ◽  
Peptidergic Innervation

Insect salivary glands are glands associated with nutrient intake whose secretions are generally involved in the digestion and lubrication of food. They are under the control of neuroactive substances and may be innervated from several sources including the suboesophageal ganglion, the stomatogastric nervous system and the unpaired median nerves. Both amines and peptides have been suggested to play roles in the control of insect salivation, as indicated by their association with terminals on salivary glands, their effects in salivary gland bioassays and their ability to alter second messenger levels and ion channel conformations. Serotonin and dopamine appear to be the most prominent amines associated with insect salivary glands. Either one or both of these amines are found associated with the salivary glands of the locust, stick insect, cockroach, cricket, dragonfly, mosquito, adult moth and kissing bug. Their roles, although not fully elucidated, appear to be in the control of salivary secretion. Several peptides, including members of the FMRFamide-related family of peptides, are also found associated with insect salivary glands. Sources of peptidergic innervation are as varied as those for aminergic innervation, but information regarding the physiological role of these peptides is lacking. The relevance of the different levels of complexity of salivary gland innervation, which range from the absence of innervation in some species (blowfly) to the presence of several distinct sources in others (locust, cockroach), is not well understood. This review serves to consolidate what is known of the phenotype of salivary neurones in relation to the control of salivation.

Gastropod predation sites: the role of predator and prey in chemical attraction of the hermit crab Clibanarius vittatus

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 583-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Rittschof ◽  
C.M. Kratt ◽  
A.S. Clare
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Hermit Crab ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Hermit Crabs ◽  
Muscle Proteins ◽  
Clibanarius Vittatus ◽  
Low Ionic Strength

Gastropod shells are essential to most hermit crabs. Shell availability limits hermit crab populations. Shells provide protection and the degree of shell-fit controls crab growth and fecundity. Crabs locate new gastropod shells from a distance under water by molecules released from gastropod flesh during predation events. Here we test the hypothesis that the salivary glands of the predatory gastropod are the source of enzymes that digest muscle proteins and release peptide attractants. We describe the anatomy of both the acinous salivary glands and the tubular accessory salivary glands of Busycon contrarium which are similar to those of B. carica. The salivary gland ducts empty at the mouth, suggesting a role in the primary digestion of food. We show that gastropod muscle proteins, extracted by salt solutions with the ionic strength of sea water and purified by precipitation in low ionic strength can be digested by gastropod salivary gland enzymes to generate peptides attractive to the hermit crab, Clibanarius vittatus, in field assays.

scholarly journals Effects of Local and Systemic Immune Challenges on the Expression of Selected Salivary Genes in the Malaria Mosquito Anopheles coluzzii

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1300
Author(s):  
Giulia Bevivino ◽  
Bruno Arcà ◽  
Fabrizio Lombardo
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Transcript Abundance ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Anopheles Coluzzii ◽  
Transcriptional Modulation ◽  
Immune Challenges

Salivary glands play a crucial tripartite role in mosquito physiology. First, they secrete factors that greatly facilitate both sugar and blood meal acquisition. Second, the transmission of pathogens (parasites, bacteria and viruses) to the vertebrate host requires both the recognition and invasion of the salivary glands. Third, they produce immune factors that both protect the organ from invading pathogens and are also able to exert their activity in the crop and the midgut when saliva is re-ingested during feeding. Studies on mosquito sialomes have revealed the presence of several female and/or male salivary gland-specific or enriched genes whose function is completely unknown so far. We focused our attention on these orphan genes, and we selected, according to sequence and structural features, a shortlist of 11 candidates with potential antimicrobial properties. Afterwards, using qPCR, we investigated their expression profile at 5 and 24 h after an infectious sugar meal (local challenge) or thoracic microinjection (systemic challenge) of Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, EC) or Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, SA) bacteria. We observed a general increase in the transcript abundance of our salivary candidates between 5 and 24 h after local challenge. Moreover, transcriptional modulation was determined by the nature of the stimulus, with salivary gland-enriched genes (especially hyp15 upon SA stimulus) upregulated shortly after the local challenge and later after the systemic challenge. Overall, this work provides one of the first contributions to the understanding of the immune role of mosquito salivary glands. Further characterization of salivary candidates whose expression is modulated by immune challenge may help in the identification of possible novel antimicrobial peptides.

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